超分子均苯四甲酸/对羟基吡啶水凝胶中纤维状聚集体结构与性能的关系

采用1H-NMR和FT-IR表征了在摩尔比1∶4条件下,由均苯四甲酸和对羟基吡啶合成的一种凝胶因子(G2).通过在室温下冷却G2的水溶液,形成了超分子水凝胶.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)和流变仪等多种技术研究了冷却速率对凝胶的组装纤维结构及宏观性能的影响.随着冷却速度的降低,纤维尺寸变大而凝胶的稳定性降低.因此,可以通过环境因素来控制凝胶的性能.采用流变仪分析表明凝胶具有高的机械强度.DSC分析结果表明随着凝胶因子浓度的增加,凝胶中可冻结水的含量降低.相对于在摩尔比1∶2条件下,由均苯四甲酸和对羟基吡啶合成的凝胶因子G1,在相同浓度下,G2在更高的最低凝胶因子浓度(MGC)使水凝胶,并且得到的凝胶具有更低的凝胶-溶胶破坏温度(Tgel).利用环境扫描电镜(ESEM)直接观测了实际含水状态下凝胶的形貌,结果表明采用常规SEM观测到的纤维状网络与ESEM的结果一致,这说明在干燥过程中形貌并未发生太大变化.组装体结构和性能关系有助于认识凝胶形成机理并使凝胶满足不同的应用.     

Influence of gelator structures on formation and stability of supramolecular hydrogels

A supramolecular hydrogel(defined as G1) formed from 1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) and 2-amino-3- hydroxypyridine possessed higher T_(gel) than that of another hydrogel(defined as G2) formed from BTCA and 3-hydroxypyridine. Based on the analysis of their xerogels by ~1H NMR,IR and XRD,the higher stability of G1 was attributed to the formation of stronger hydrogen binding enhanced by the ortho amino group of 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine.     

均苯四甲酸与对羟基吡啶超分子聚合物的制备

超分子聚合物(supramolecular polymer)是指单体单元间依靠可逆和高度取向的非共价作用力结合的、在溶液或本体中表现出聚合物特性的一类特殊聚合物[1].其中,氢键结合超分子聚合物因氢键的高度取向性及丰富的结合形式而具有特殊结构与性能,已成为近期关注的热点[2~4].文献中报道的氢键结合超分子聚合物主要有多重氢键结合和基于羧基与吡啶基的氢键结合(其键能可达45kJ·mol-1[5])两类,它们均可表现出和传统聚合物诸多类似的性质,诸如高的溶液粘度、形成凝胶、具有弹性等,同时其结构和性能又随温度等环境条件的变化而发生可逆变化,使得这类…     

Deposition of thin films of organic-inorganic hybrid materials based on aromatic carboxylic acids by atomic layer deposition

Thin films of organic-inorganic hybrid materials have been grown by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique, using trimethylaluminium (TMA) and aromatic carboxylic acids such as 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid, 1,3-benzene dicarboxylic acid, 1,4-benzene dicarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylic acid as precursors. Growth rates as function of temperature show that all systems, with the exception of the benzoic acid-TMA system, possess ALD-windows and provides growth rates in the range of 0.25-1.34 nm/cycle. X-ray diffraction studies of the as-deposited films reveal their amorphous character, which is also supported by very low surface roughness as measured by atomic force microscopy. As-deposited films were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy proving that the deposited films are of a hybrid character.     

基于氢键作用由低分子量凝胶因子形成的超分子水凝胶

利用对羟基吡啶及均苯四甲酸合成的超分子单体, 基于分子间氢键作用, 在水中成功地制备出了具有温度响应性的超分子凝胶, 研究了制备条件对凝胶结构的影响.     

Investigation on the assembled structure-property correlation of supramolecular hydrogel formed from low-molecular-weight gelator

The investigation on structure-property correlation is important for understanding the gelating mechanism of supramolecular hydrogels. In this paper, a low-molecular-weight hydrogelator (termed as gelator 1) prepared from 1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylic acid (BTA) and 4-hydroxy pyridine (PHP) was able to gel water effectively. The influence of environmental stimulation, such as cooling speed and ultrasonic treatment, on the structure of the assembling fibers and the macroscopic properties of the gels was investigated via multiple techniques. The results indicated that the fiber size decreased as increasing the cooling speed and the smallest fibers were obtained under ultrasonic treatment. As the fibers became smaller, the gel with higher T(gel), lower bonded water content and higher dynamic modulus was obtained. Therefore it is possible to control the gel performances via the environmental stimulation. The relationship between the assembled structure and properties is helpful for understanding the gel formation mechanism and makes the gels suitable for different applications.     

Some Recent Results on the Synthesis of Certain Aromatic Heterocyclic Polymers

Abstract

Continued research on poly(bisbenzimidazobenzophenanthrolines) from one-step condensation of 1, 4, 5, 8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic (NTA) acid and 3, 3′-diaminobenzidene in polyphosphoric acid (PPA) has led to good-quality fibers with outstanding resistance to high temperatures and Fade-O-Meter aging. The condensation of 4, 5-diamino-1, 8-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid derivatives produces low molecular weight polyperimidines which have good stability. The polyimide from condensation of 1, 1′, 5, 5′-diphenyldianhydride is insoluble in all solvents tried and shows moderate thermal stability. The completely soluble ladder polymer from condensation of 1, 4, 5, 8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid with 1,2,4,5-tetraamino benzene in polyphosphoric acid has been obtained in high molecular weight (intrinsic viscosities in methane sulfonic acid at 30°C of over 5 dl/g).     

以1,2,4,5-苯四甲酸或1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸为配体的金属有机框架的合成、表征及性质

以1,2,4,5-苯四甲酸(H₄BETA)与1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(H₄BTCA)为有机配体,采用溶剂热法,成功合成了3个金属有机框架(Metal-Organic Frameworks, MOFs):{[Co₅(BETA)₂(OH)₂(H₂O)₂]·10H₂O}_n(1)、{[Zn₅(BETA)₂(OH)₂(H₂O)₂]·10H₂O}_n(2)和{[Mn₂(BTCA)(H₂O)₃]·H₂O}_n(3),并利用X射线单晶衍射、红外光谱(IR)、紫外光谱(UV)和热重分析(TG)等测试手段对其进行了表征。单晶结构研究表明3个MOFs均属于单斜晶系,P2₁/n空间群;框架1和2都是由1,2,4,5-苯四甲酸与五核的金属簇连接形成三维框架结构,沿a轴方向具有一维孔道结构,孔径大小为0.990 nm×1.307 nm;框架3是由1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸与Mn²⁺连接形成4,8-c网络的三维框架结构。     

以1,2,4,5-苯四甲酸或1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸为配体的金属有机框架的合成、表征及性质

以1,2,4,5-苯四甲酸(H_4BETA)与1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(H_4BTCA)为有机配体,采用溶剂热法,成功合成了3个金属有机框架(Metal-Organic Frameworks,MOFs):{[Co_5(BETA)_2(OH)_2(H_2O)_2]·10H_2O}_n(1)、{[Zn_5(BETA)_2(OH)_2(H_2O)_2]·10H_2O}_n(2)和{[Mn_2(BTCA)(H_2O)_3]·H_2O}_n(3),并利用X射线单晶衍射、红外光谱(IR)、荧光光谱(PL)和热重分析(TG/DTG)等测试手段对其进行了表征。单晶结构研究表明3个MOFs均属于单斜晶系,P21/n空间群;框架1和2都是由1,2,4,5-苯四甲酸与五核的金属簇连接形成三维框架结构,沿a轴方向具有一维孔道结构,孔径大小为0.990 nm×1.307 nm;框架3是由1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸与Mn~(2+)连接形成4,8-c网络的三维框架结构。     

Construction of novel coordination polymers with simple ligands

Three different types of metal-organic polymers have been prepared by a solution diffusion process carried out at room temperature. Crystals of the copper coordination polymers [CuX(4,4′-bipy)] _n (X = Cl, Br, I) have been obtained by the reaction of 4,4′-bipyridine ligands with Cu₂X₂ fragments to yield a three-dimensional network consisting of four interlocking planar lattices. Single crystals of [Cu₂(1,2,4,5-BTC)(DMF)₂] _n (1,2,4,5-BTC = 1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylate) have been grown by slow diffusion from solutions of a mixture of CuBr₂, 2,2′-dithiosalicylic acid, and sodium azide plus a mixture of 1,2,4,5-H₄BTC and 4-cyanopyridine. The complex [Co(1,3,5-BTC)(4,4′-bipy)] _n (1,3,5-BTC = 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylate) has a 3D open framework structure involving terminal cobalt atoms plus bridging 1,3,5-BTC and 4,4′-bipyridine ligands.     

Spacer-verbrückte Bis-, Tris- und Tetrakis(ferrocenyl)-1,3-Diketone

Hydrocarbon-bridged Metal Complexes. XLVII. Bis-, Tris- und Tetrakis(ferrocenyl)-1,3-Diketones Claisen condensation of the enolate from acetylferrocene with diethyloxalate, 1,8-octanedicarboxylic dimethyl ester, fumaroyl dichloride, the chlorides of terephthalic acid and of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, tetramethyl-1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylate and with 3,6-di-t-butyl-9,9′-dimethyl-xanthene-1,8-dicarboxylic dimethyl ester gives the corresponding bis-, tris- and tetrakis(ferrocenyl)-1,3-diketones 2 – 8 . Their oxidation potentials were measured by cyclovoltammetry. Diferrocenoyl methane exists in the crystal as the keto-enol tautomer.     

均苯四甲酸与八羟基喹啉的氢键层状结构

8-Hydroxyquinoline （8-q） salt of pyromellitic acid （benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid, H4bta） forms robust lamellar structure where [H2bta]^2- anions build up sheets through strong hydrogen bonds in two dimensions and [H-8-q]^＋ cations act as pillars to afford an extended three dimensional network.     

A new range of heterocyclic telluronium salts based on 1,2,4,5-bis(telluracyclopentano)benzene: Synthesis and spectroscopic considerations

The reactions of 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(bromomethyl)-benzene with sodium organotellurates (NaTeR) afford white telluronium salts of the type XRTe(CH₂)₂C₆H₂(CH₂)₂TeRX where R = p-EtOC₆H₄ and p-MeOC₆H₄ and X = Br. Reactions of 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(bromomethyl)-benzene with elemental tellurium powder and an excess of sodium iodide in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) give 1,2,4,5-bis(1,1-diiodotelluracyclopentano)benzene, C₁₀H₁₀Te₂I₄ as orange-red crystals in poor yield, together with a yellow amorphous precipitate as the main product, the structure of which is still obscure. Reduction of the bis(diiodide) compound gave a light and air sensitive ditelluride, C₁₀H₁₀Te₂, which, on treatment with ethyl bromide, afforded a white telluronium salt of 1,2,4,5-bis(1′-bromo-1′-ethyl-telluracyclopentano)benzene, C₁₄H₂₀Te₂Br₂. The synthesis, spectroscopic data, and solution properties of the prepared compounds are reported and discussed.     

Synthesis,identification and study of electrical conductivity of the doped copolymer carbazole–phenol formaldehyde

The copolymer carbazole–phenol formaldehyde doped with 4 (4-hydroxy-phenyl azo)-benzene sulfonic acid (PABS), 2,5-dimethyl benzene sulfonic acid (PXSA) and 4-hydroxy-m-benzene disulfonic acid (PDSA) were prepared. These compounds are identified by FT-IR spectroscopy.The conductivity of copolymer carbazole–phenol formaldehyde doped with 4 (4-hydroxy-phenyl azo)-benzene sulfonic acid (PABS), 2,5-dimethyl benzene sulfonic acid (PXSA) and 4-hydroxy-m-benzene disulfonic acid (PDSA) was studied as a function of weight of the dopant compounds; an increase of conductance of the copolymer by doping with PABS is noted; the conductance became equal to 0.000595 ohm⁻¹ for 0.1 g higher conductance for the copolymer when it is doping with PABS.     

Low dielectric constant polyimide nanomats by electrospinning

The proper combination of material (i.e. fluorinated polyimides) and processing technique (electrospinning) could lead to the formation of polyimides with low dielectric constant, high thermo‐oxidative stability and glass transition temperature, and high hydrophobicity. The polyimides in this work were based on 4, 4‐bis [3′‐trifluoromethyl‐4′ (4′‐amino benzoxy) benzyl] biphenyl (Q) and various fluorinated and non‐fluorinated dianhydrides namely benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, benzophenone‐3,3′,4,4′‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA). Processing of the polyimides was carried out in poly(amic acid) stage by two different methods—electrospinning and solution casting for comparison purposes. The processing of polyimides by electrospinning led to enhancement in mechanical properties (dianhydride‐structure dependent) and hydrophobicity without sacrificing thermo‐oxidative stability and glass transition temperatures significantly. Also, low dielectric constants (as low as 1.43) could be attained by suitable combination of dianhydride (6FDA) with 4, 4‐bis [3′‐trifluoromethyl‐4′ (4′‐amino benzoxy) benzyl] biphenyl diamine. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Extended metal-organic solids based on benzenepolycarboxylic and aminobenzoic acids

This article describes the recent results obtained in our laboratory on the interaction of polyfunctional ligands with divalent alkaline earth metal ions and a few divalent transition metal ions. Treatment of MC1₂·nH₂O (M = Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba) with 2-amino benzoic acid leads to the formation of complexes [Mg(2-aba)₂] (1), [Ca(2-aba)₂(OH₂)₃]∞ (2), [Sr(2-aba)₂(OH₂)_{2 2}·H₂O)]∞ (3), [Ba(2-aba)₂(OH₂)]∞ (4), respectively. While the calcium ions in2 are hepta-coordinated, the strontium and barium ions in3 and4 reveal a coordination number of nine apart from additional metal-metal interactions. Apart from the carboxylate functionality, the amino group also binds to the metal centres in the case of strontium and barium complexes3 and4. Complexes [Mg(H₂O)₆(4-aba)₂·2H₂O] (5), [Ca(4-aba)₂(H₂O)₂] (6) prepared from 4-aminobenzoic acid reveal more open or layered structures. Interaction of 2-mercaptobenzoic acid with MCl₂·6H₂O (M = Mg, Ca), however, leads to the oxidation of the thiol group resulting in the disulphide 2,2′ -dithiobis(benzoic acid). New metal-organic framework based hydrogen-bonded porous solids [M(btec) (OH₂)_{4 n}·n(C₄H₁₂N₂)·4nH₂O] (btec = 1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylate) (M = Co9; Ni10; Zn11) have been synthesized from 1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylic acid in the presence of piperazine. These compounds are made up of extensively hydrogen-bonded alternating layers of anionic M-btec co-ordination polymer and piperazinium cations. Compounds2- 11 described herein form polymeric networks in the solid-state with the aid of different coordinating capabilities of the carboxylate anions hydrogen bonding interactions.     

Effects of tetracarboxylic dianhydrides on the properties of sulfonated polyimides

A series of sulfonated polyimides (SPIs) were synthesized from a sulfonated diamine of 4,4′‐bis(4‐aminophenoxy) biphenyl‐3,3′‐disulfonic acid (BAPBDS), common nonsulfonated diamines, and various tetracarboxylic dianhydrides including 1,4,5,8‐naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA), 3,4,9,10‐perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTDA), 4,4′‐binaphthyl‐1,1′,8,8′‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 4,4′‐ketone dinaphthalene 1,1′,8,8′‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (KDNTDA), and isophthatic dinaphthalene 1,1′,8,8′‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (IPNTDA). Their membrane properties were investigated to clarify the effects of the dianhydrides. They displayed reasonably high mechanical properties, thermal stability, and proton conductivity. The dianhydrides with flexible and non‐coplanar structure (IPNTDA > KDNTDA > BTDA) led to the better solubility of the SPIs than those with rigid and coplanar one (NTDA, PTDA). The dianhydride with the smaller molecular weight led to the larger value of the number of sorbed water molecules per sulfonic acid group (λ) in membrane, that is, NTDA (λ: 17) > PTDA (15) > BTDA (14) > KDNTDA (12) > IPNTDA (10), and as a result let to the larger proton conductivity in water. All of the BAPBDS‐based SPIs showed the anisotropy in membrane swelling and in proton conductivity, of which the degree hardly depended on the dianhydride moieties. The water stability of SPI membranes against the aging in water at 130 °C for 192 h was in the order, PTDA = NTDA ≧ BTDA > KDNTDA > IPNTDA. The hydrolysis stability of polymer chain was similar between the BTDA‐ and KDNTDA‐based SPIs. These results are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 905–915, 2010     

Oxidations of 3,6-diamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine and 3,6-bis(s,s-dimethylsulfilimino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine

Oxidation of 3,6-diamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine ( 1 ) with most peracids gave 3,6-diamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine 1,4-dioxide ( 3 ) as the major product; however, treatment of 1 with peroxytrifluoroacetic acid (PTFA) gave 3,6-diamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine 1-oxide ( 4 ) as the major product along with a small amount of 3-amino-6-nitro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine 2,4-dioxide ( 5 ). Oxidation of 3,6-bis(S,S-dimethylsulfilimino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine ( 6 ) with 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA) gave 3-S,S-(dimethylsulfilimino)-6-nitroso-1,2,4,5-tetrazine ( 7 ), which was oxidized further with dimethyldioxirane to 3-(S,S-dimethylsulfoximino)-6-nitro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine ( 8 ). All attempts to obtain 3,6-dinitro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine ( 2 ) by further oxidation of 7 or 8 failed.     

共缩聚醚酯聚酰亚胺的研究

本文以对氨基苯甲酸酯封端的聚(氧化四次亚甲基)醚,4,4'-二氨基二苯醚和均苯四甲酸二酐,利用溶液缩聚两步法合成了一组不同硬段含量的共缩聚醚酯聚酰亚胺,使用动态力学分析(DMA),示差扫描量热(DSC)等方法研究了材料的形态结构,并对材料的热稳定性能,力学性能,气体透过性能及介电常数等进行了测定。实验的结果表明,共缩聚醚酯聚酰亚胺具有多相结构,是一类新型的热塑性弹性体。     

Tris(1,10‐phenanthroline‐κ2N,N′)iron(II) bis(2,4,5‐tricarboxybenzoate) monohydrate and tris(2,2′‐bipyridine‐κ2N,N′)iron(II) 2,5‐dicarboxybenzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylate–benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylic acid–water (1/1/2)

The title compounds, tris(1,10‐phenanthroline‐κ²N,N′)iron(II) bis(2,4,5‐tricarboxybenzoate) monohydrate, [Fe(C₁₂H₈N₂)₃](C₁₀H₅O₈)₂·H₂O, (I), and tris(2,2′‐bipyridine‐κ²N,N′)iron(II) 2,5‐dicarboxybenzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylate–benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylic acid–water (1/1/2), [Fe(C₁₀H₈N₂)₃](C₁₀H₄O₈)·C₁₀H₆O₈·2H₂O, (II), were obtained during an attempt to synthesize a mixed‐ligand complex of Fe^II with an N‐containing ligand and benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylic acid via a solvothermal reaction. In both mononuclear complexes, each Fe^II metal ion is six‐coordinated in a distorted octahedral manner by six N atoms from three chelating 1,10‐phenanthroline or 2,2′‐bipyridine ligands. In compound (I), the Fe^II atom lies on a twofold axis in the space group C2/c, whereas (II) crystallizes in the space group P2₁/n. In both compounds, the uncoordinated carboxylate anions and water molecules are linked by typical O—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating extensive three‐dimensional hydrogen‐bond networks which surround the cations.