锡石墨炉原子化机理研究

本文考察了盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、亚硒酸及硼酸中锡的石墨炉原子吸收特性,对锡在不同基体中的原子化过程进行了初步探讨。发现硼酸是石墨炉法测定锡时的一种较好的化学改进剂;1%的硼酸加入可克服一定含量的硫酸与盐酸的干扰。并利用XRD与XPS对硼酸与锡共存时的石墨表面进行了结构与状态分析。提出了硼酸与锡共存时,锡的原子化历程。     

Detection of bis(sulfosuccinimidyl) suberate binding in electrophoresis: determination of membrane sidedness of proteins

The applicability of the membrane-impermeant protein cross-linker bis(sulfosuccinimidyl) suberate (BS(3)) to the determination of membrane sidedness of proteins was tested in 3T3-L1 cells and in erythrocytes. Binding of BS(3) to proteins was apparent in electrophoresis. In three proteins of 3T3-L1 cells, protein kinase-Cepsilon, protein kinase-Czeta, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, BS(3) action was detectable in SDS-PAGE with immunoblotting. This enabled confirmation of the well-known intracellular localization of these proteins. In cathepsin E of erythrocytes, a mobility increase in nondenaturing PAGE was the most prominent effect of BS(3) treatment. A mechanism for the increase in mobility due to BS(3) binding is suggested. Cathepsin E was found to be located at the intracellular side of the membrane, in accordance with existing evidence.     

新的聚苯乙烯负载锌化合物:高效苯酚氧化催化剂(英文)

The novel recyclable free –ONNO– tetradentate Schiff base ligand N,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxy‐3‐ methox‐ybenzaldehyde)4‐methylbenzene‐1,2‐diamine (3‐MOBdMBn) was synthesized. Complexation of this ligand with zinc(3‐MOBdMBn‐Zn) was performed, and the catalytic activity of the complex was evaluated. The polymer‐supported analog of this complex(P‐3‐MOBdMBn‐Zn) was synthesized, and its catalytic activity was studied. These free and polymer‐anchored zinc complexes were prepared by the reactions of metal solutions with one molar equivalent of unsupported 3‐MOBdMBn or P‐3‐MOBdMBn in methanol under nitrogen. The catalytic activity of 3‐MOBdMBn‐Zn and P‐3‐MOBdMBn‐Zn was evaluated in phenol oxidation. The activity of P‐3‐MOBdMBn‐Zn was signif‐icantly affected by the polymer support, and the rate of phenol conversion was around 50% for polystyrene‐supported 3‐MOBdMBn. The experimental results indicated that the reaction rate was affected by the polymer support, and the rate of phenol conversion was 1.64 μmol/(L·s) in the presence of polystyrene‐supported 3‐MOBdMBn.     

KZnF3∶Ce，Tb的溶剂热合成及光谱性质

采用溶剂热法合成了Ce3+,Tb3+单掺和双掺KZnF3发光粉。分析了样品的结构与形貌。结果表明,所合成的样品均为单相,颗粒粒度分布均匀。讨论了它们的光谱特性。研究发现,在KZnF3∶Ce3+激发光谱中激发带劈裂成2个带峰,最大发光中心分别位于263 nm(主峰)和246 nm,而在发射光谱中只观察到1个带状发射峰,最大发射中心位于330 nm。在KZnF3∶Tb3+激发光谱中存在较强的基质激发峰,而在发射光谱中,发现Tb3+的5D4→7FJ(J=6,5,4,3)跃迁。在KZnF3双掺体系中,Tb3+的发光强度随Ce3+的浓度增加而增强,存在Ce3+→Tb3+能量传递,尤其是Tb3+的5D4→7F5跃迁发射显著增强,有望成为一种有发展前途的绿色荧光材料。     

改性纳米碳酸钙-聚丙烯复合材料的结构与性能研究

制备了硬脂酸钙包覆的纳米碳酸钙( CaSt-nano-CaCO3),并采用熔融共混的方法制备出iPP/CaStnano-CaCO3和iPP/nano-CaCO3复合材料.与纯iPP相比,复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量随着CaCO3粒子含量的增加而提高,冲击性能也得到改善.相对于iPP/nano-CaCO3,iPP/CaS...     

ICP–OES法测定八氧化三铀中杂质元素钨

以ICP–OES法测定八氧化三铀中杂质元素钨。采用浓HNO3–浓HCl、浓HNO–HF、3 mol/L HNO3三步酸溶方案,利用CL–TBP萃淋树脂将铀基体分离,淋洗液基质为3 mol/L HNO3,淋洗液流速为1 mL/min。弃去最初2 mL死体积淋洗液后接收10 mL,分离回收率平均值为95.93%,线性方程为y=539.71x+16.6,相关系数r2=0.999 7,4水平样品测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.39%~3.12%(n=6)。用该方法对标准物质进行测定,测定结果在参考值范围内。     

Determination of the photochemical efficiency of o-quinodimethane ring closure in room-temperature solutions by using time-delayed, two-color photolysis technique

Photochemical efficiency of o-quinodimethane (3) ring closure at room temperature was determined by using a time-delayed, two-color photolysis technique. o-Quinodimethane (3) was generated by the photolysis of 1,2-bis[(phenylseleno)methyl]benzene (1) by a KrF (248 nm) laser pulse and thus-generated 3 was photolyzed by a subsequent XeCl (308 nm)/XeF (351 nm) laser pulse with varying delay time of 0 to 3 s. The time profile of 3 was monitored by the chemical analyses of benzocyclobutene (5) (a photochemical product of 3), which was formed by a one-photon process, and the spiro dimer of 3 (4) (a thermal product of 3) in the two-color photolysis experiments. The time profile of 3 followed a second-order decay kinetics. The photochemical efficiency was obtained by the analysis of the delay-time dependence of the product yields; those of the consumption of 3 and the conversion 3-->5 by a single pulse of the excimer laser were 81% and 5.7% for the XeCl laser, and 73% and 2.3% for the XeF laser. This difference was attributed to the different excited states involved in the photolysis. In contrast to the photolysis of 3 in argon or rigid organic matrixes, it was revealed that photochemical conversion 3-->5 was not the main path in the solutions, and intermolecular reactions predominated.     

铑催化合成气转化为乙醇反应中甲酰基中间体的化学捕获

本文采用化学捕获法对铑基催化剂上合成气转化反应中的甲酰基中间体进行了化学捕获,在CO+2D_2反应后,用CH_3I进行的化学捕获反应中生成了CH_3CHO、CH_3CDO两种形式的乙醛;补充的Ar吹扫实验显示DCO的甲基化反应对生成的CH_3CDO有重要贡献。因此,甲酰基的确是合成气反应中的C_1含氧中间体。根据这一结果,初步探讨了合成气反应中CH_x物种的生成途径。     

VALENCE AND EMISSION OF SAMARIUM IONS IN KMF(M:Mg、Ca)

The SmF_(2.01)was synthesized by reducing SmF_3 in H_2 stream.As it was doped inKM_gF_3 and KCaF_3.there was emission of Sm~(2+) in KMgF_3 but no emission of Sm~(2+) inKCaF_3 was observed.     

还原态WO_3/Al_2O_3,NiO/Al_2O_3和NiO-WO_3/Al_2O_3催化剂上H_2,CO,O_2的吸附特性

在加氢精制和许多其它催化过程中,Mo,W是主要的活性组分,Co,Ni通常作为助剂,有关Co-Mo体系的研究文献报导很多~[1.2], 但由于钨较难还原和硫化,关于     

Cation self-diffusion in LaCoO(3) and La(2)CoO(4) studied by diffusion couple experiments

Reaction kinetics between dense, polycrystalline pellets of La2O3 and CoO were investigated at temperatures of 1370-1673 K and oxygen partial pressures of 40 Pa - 50 kPa. At high oxygen partial pressures, single phase LaCoO3 was formed. The growth of the LaCoO3 phase followed the parabolic rate law. The location of Pt markers demonstrated that diffusion of Co3+ cations in LaCoO3 dominated over diffusion of La3+. The diffusion coefficient of Co3+ was determined from the parabolic rate constant, and an activation energy of (250 +/- 10) kJ mol-1 was found. The diffusion coefficient of Co3+ in LaCoO3 decreased with decreasing oxygen partial pressure. At the lowest oxygen partial pressure investigated, two product phases, LaCoO3 and La2CoO4, were observed. The diffusion coefficient of Co cations in La2CoO4 was estimated. Results were discussed in relation to cation diffusion in other LnBO3 oxides (B = Cr3+, Mn3+, Fe3+). A correlation between diffusion of the B cation and the melting point was found for LnBO3 materials.     

氟丙烯在高温下的热稳定性

用单脉冲激波管研究了全氟丙烯C3F6的分解。使用H2作为清扫剂。产物包括 CH4、 C2F4、 CF3H和C2F3H,作为对断键反应过程的指示。C3F6的断键反应为 C3F6  CF3+C2F3 （1） 得到其速率常数表达式为 k（C3F6  CF3+C2F3)=10(17.4±0.2)exp-(355300±8360)/(RT) s-1 温度范围为1090 K相似文献   

氨和甲醇团簇中的质子转移反应

应用激光多光子电离质谱和分子束技术研究了氨和甲醇二元团簇,实验观测到两个系列质子化的团簇离子: (CH3OH)nH+和(CH3OH)nNH4+(1≤n≤14 ),其产生是经过二元团簇内的质子转移反应。同时也研究了氘代甲醇CH3OD和氨混合团簇,结果表明OD原子团中的D转移概率比CH3原子团中的质子转移概率大几倍。在HF/STO-3G和MP2/6-31G*　*水平上对氨和甲醇二元团簇进行了计算,结果表明与CH3相比OH中的质子转移更加容易,因为CH3中的质子转移过程要克服高度约120 kJ/mol的能垒。     

稀土离子对钐-铕-噻酚甲酰三氟丙酮-三正辛基膦化氧己烷萃取体系纸上荧光的增敏作用及其应用

在Sm3 + 、Eu3 + 噻酚甲酰三氟丙酮 三正辛基膦化氧己烷萃取体系中Y3 + 、La3 + 、Gd3 + 、Tb3 + 、Dy3 + 、Lu3 + 等离子可增强Sm3 + 、Eu3 + 的纸上荧光 ,其中以Tb3 + 的增敏效应最强 ,灵敏度提高了 6倍。将滤纸适当处理后可使Sm3 + 、Eu3 + 的检出限分别达到 0 .15和 0 .0 0 7ng。本法用于混合稀土氧化物中 0 .xng级的Sm3 + 和0 0 0xng级Eu3 + 的同时测定 ,结果满意     

Enzymatic and chemical stability of 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydropyrimidine nucleosides: potential anti-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome agents

The enzymatic and chemical stability of three 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydropyrimidine nucleosides has been studied. Chemical degradtion of the analogues was measured in the pH range of 1.0-9.0. 2',3'-Dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrocytidine (DDCN) degraded rapidly under acidic conditions, but the chemical stability was greater under basic conditions. The chemical degradation of 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrouridine (DDUN) and 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine (DDTN) was not pH dependent and was faster than that of cytarabine. Enzymatic degradation of DDCN, DDUN and DDTN was not observed in human plasma, though cytarabine was degraded enzymatically under the same conditions. DDCN was also not degraded in the presence of mouse kidney cytidine deaminase.     

N263和TBP为协同流动载体的液膜体系分离钐(Ⅲ)和钆(Ⅲ)的研究

研究了N263和TBP为协同载体的液膜体系分离钐和钆的行为.考察了膜相添加剂、内水相反萃剂、外水相盐析剂和膜相中载体浓度对传质分离的影响.当用TBP作为膜相添加剂时,N263能很好地溶解在煤油中.N263-TBP-LMA-1-煤油和NH₄NO₃协同流动载体液膜体系在迁移稀土离子时表现出"倒序"特性,与单纯的N263体系相比,该体系对钐、钆具有较高的选择性.     

有机金催化胺氧化羰化制氨基甲酸酯

自Haruta等报道高分散担载金催化剂对CO有良好的低温水除活性以来,金催化剂的研究开发开始受到关注,各种提载型金催化剂在选择氧化、氮氧化物消除、选择加氢、甲烷完全氧化以及均相有机金配合物催化剂在醇醛缩合、烯烃羰化、锡烷的偶联等反应中均取得了相当好的效果,但与Pt和Pd等贵金属相比,金作为具有潜在多种催化能力的催化材料了解尚少。现在工业上主要使用胺类化合物与剧毒的光气反应制取异氰酸酯,该反应造成设备腐蚀和环境污染,因此用胺类化合物氧化羰化或硝基化合物的还原羰化合成氨基甲酸酯,然后热裂解制取相应的异氰酸酯得到广泛研究,过去主要以含氮配体配位的钯催化剂为代表的贵金属为催化剂催化羰化合成氨基甲酸酯,以有机金配合物作为含氮化合物羰化催化剂的研究则未见报道,本文首次将有机金配合物作为胺类化合物氧化羰化制取氨基甲酸酯的催化剂,取得了与钯催化剂相当的催化效果,反应如下：R（NH2）n CO O2 R^1OH[Au(PPh3)x]yZ／→／PPh3R(NHCO2R^1)n H2O R=Ar-,RCH2-;R^1=CH3-,CH3CH2-;n=1 or 2,x=1 or 2,y=1 or 2;Z=cl,NO3,S。     

Photocurrent generation in layer-by-layer assembled dendrimers with ruthenium tris-bipyridine peripheral groups and a viologen-like core

The photophysical and photoelectrochemical properties of first- and second-generation dendrimers with ruthenium tris-bipyridine peripheral groups and a tri-viologen like core (Ru3V3 and Ru6V3) were investigated in solution and when embedded within assembled films. The stepwise assembly of these dendrimers on quartz and ITO surfaces utilizing the layer-by-layer approach was investigated. The amount of the assembled dendrimers was found to increase on going to the higher generation dendrimer. This dendrimer generation effect was evident from the UV-vis, atomic force microscopy, and electrochemical measurements of the dendrimers in either solution phase or when embedded in films. The anodic and cathodic photocurrent generation was seen upon visible light irradiation, with higher photocurrents for Ru6V3 than Ru3V3. This observation was attributed to better light-harvesting properties, thicker films, and slower charge recombination processes in Ru6V3 when compared to Ru3V3.     

高温高压Li3N-hBN体系cBN转变的热力学分析

以经典热力学第二定律ΔG<0为依据,分析了静态高温高压触媒法合成立方氮化硼(cBN)过程中发生的可能反应.考虑温度和压强对反应物相体积的影响,计算了六方氮化硼(Li3N-hBN)体系中hBN+Li3N→Li3BN2,h BN→cBN及Li3BN2→Li3N+cBN反应在高温高压条件下的ΔG.结果证实,Li3BN2由Li3N与hBN在高温高压(T>1300 K,P>3.0 GPa)条件下反应得到,在cBN的合成(T=1600～1800 K,P=4.6～6.0 GPa)条件下,hBN和Li3BN2都有向cBN转化的倾向,但由hBN向cBN直接转变的反应自由能比Li3BN2分解生成cBN的反应自由能更负,反应的可能性更大.探讨了高温高压条件下立方氮化硼的转变机理。