Temperature dependent analysis of three classes of fluorescence spectra from p-6P nanofiber films

Discontinuous nanofiber films of para-hexaphenylene molecules can be routinely fabricated via vacuum deposition on muscovite mica. The fibers emit upon UV illumination blue fluorescence with excitonic spectral peaks. Their intense fluorescence makes them very attractive for the use in photonic devices, given that the spectra are reproducible for varying surface temperatures. A detailed investigation as a function of surface temperature variation from 300 to 30 K reveals three classes of spectra: (a) spectra with well resolved excitonic peaks, which shift 35 meV to the blue with decreasing temperature, (b) similar spectra with an additional intermediate broadening around 150 K, and (c) excitonic spectra similar to (b), but with a green defect emission band. Quantitative fitting of type (a) spectra results in an exciton-phonon coupling factor of and an average phonon temperature of . The Huang-Rhys factor decreases linearly from 1.2 at 300 K to 1.0 at 30 K. Fitting of type (b) spectra reveals that the apparent intermediate temperature broadening is due to additional fluorescence peaks, the relative importance of which increasing with decreasing temperature.     

Crossmodal attention effects on brain responses to different stimulus classes

Background  

Attending to a point in space in one modality may facilitate processing to information from the same region in another modality. The involvement of sensory-specific cortical areas in intramodal and crossmodal selective spatial attention can be assessed with event-related brain potentials (ERPs).     

On the stability of the three classes of Newtonian three-body planar periodic orbits

Currently,the fifteen new periodic orbits of Newtonian three-body problem with equal mass were found by Suvakov and Dmitra sinovi[Phys Rev Lett,2013,110:114301]using the gradient descent method with double precision.In this paper,these reported orbits are checked stringently by means of a reliable numerical approach(namely the"Clean Numerical Simulation",CNS),which is based on the arbitrary-order Taylor series method and data in arbitrary-digit precision with a procedure of solution verification.It is found that seven among these fifteen orbits greatly depart from the periodic ones within a long enough interval of time,and are thus most possibly unstable at least.It is suggested to carefully check whether or not these seven unstable orbits are the so-called"computational periodicity"mentioned by Lorenz in 2006.This work also illustrates the validity and great potential of the CNS for chaotic dynamic systems.     

Self-extraction of negatively charged carriers from anodic vacuumarcs

Measurement and magnetic analysis of self-extracted negatively charged carriers (NCCs) from anodic vacuum arcs are presented. They flow to charge collectors made of stainless steel, which are electrically connected to a cathode. When a 60-Hz sinusoidal arc current of 40 kA is burned on 20-mm-diameter copper electrodes spaced 4 mm apart, a negative current of approximately 900 A flows to a cylindrical collector surrounding the arc. The floating collector potential relative to the cathode is measured, and the mean energy of the NCCs is estimated to be greater than 40 eV. It is difficult for the NCCs to flow from anodic vacuum arcs when an anode is made of zinc or cadmium, the atoms of which have electron affinities of less than 0 eV. A magnetic filter of about 500 G, which is placed between the arc and a 30-mm-diameter circular collector, does not affect the NCC's flow from a 4-kA arc burned on copper electrodes. It is possible to extract a large amount of negative copper ions from the anodic copper vacuum arcs     

Injection of charge carriers from a point contact

Electron injection has been carried out in KCl, KBr, mixed KCl and KBr crystals under constant electric field and at different temperatures. The activation energy connected to ionic zone has been obtained and found to be characteristic for alkalihalides.     

Charge-state effects of deep centres in semiconductors on non-radiative capture of carriers by multiphonon processes

A set of simplified analytical expressions for carrier capture coefficients, including quantatively the charge-dependent effect, have been obtained for easy physical examination and comparison with experiments. The temperature-related charge-state-dependent factorF(T) thus calculated could be used to present more accurately the nature and magnitude of the charge state of a trap centre. The ranges of values ofF(T) valid for attractive, repulsive and neutral centres are also obtained. In addition, we show that the thermal ionization energy for theB centre in GaAs is a function of temperature. The importance of the data of capture cross-section at low temperatures in determining the charge state and characteristic of a deep centre is also manifested. Both the absolute magnitude and the temperature-dependent behaviour of the calculated capture cross-section are well-supported by the very good fits to the experimental electron cross-sections forA andB centres in GaAs reported by Lang [7] and Wang et al. [22] and for Cu centre in Ge reported by Zhdanova and Kalashnikov [23].     

Resonance effects in interaction of charge carriers with polarization oscillations of a medium

Physics of the Solid State - Possible stationary states of charge motion in semiconductor crystals with a polar lattice characterized by natural polarization oscillations for which phonons play the...     

Variational techniques on classes of Lagrangians

We present canonical procedures for the manipulation of whole classes of Lagrangians that share the same transformation law and functional dependence but are otherwise arbitrary in functional form, and for the derivation therefrom of generalized conserved quantities. The techniques are demonstrated on the class of scalar density LagrangiansL=L _G+L _EM, whereL _G is a function of the metric and its first and second derivatives andL _EM is a function of the metric and a vector potential and its first derivative, which generate the Einstein-Maxwell equations (without cosmological constant). These procedures should be of interest to those studying alternate formulations of general relativity, those deriving new field theories, and others working with general of modified Lagrangians.     

Growth of Pb S nanoclusters on specific sites of programmed oligodeoxynucleotides

We develope a method to synthesize Pb S nanoclusters(NCs)using guanine-containing oligodeoxynucleotides(ODNs)as templates.The NCs on the ODNs are ultra small(ranging from～0.5 nm to 2.1 nm)and luminescent in the visible region.They are characterized by photoluminescence(PL)spectra,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray powder diffraction(XRD).The ODN–NC complexes can be used as customer-designed fluorophores which do not have the problem of multiple conjugations.The same method enables us to fabricate Pb S quantum dot molecules and connect them into nanowires,expanding their potential applications in molecule electronics and quantum computing.     

Tempering effects on three martensitic carbon steels studied by mechanical spectroscopy

Tempering effects have been studied in three martensitic carbon steels by mechanical spectroscopy. The mechanical-loss spectra present a relaxation peak similar to the Snoek-Köster peak in ferrite. The peak amplitude decreases upon tempering, indicating a decrease of the dislocation density. Transition carbides start to precipitate at 380 K in all the three grades. This tends to decrease the mechanical loss and to increase the modulus. Retained austenite decomposes around 520 K in two of the grades. In the third grade, the presence of Si delays this decomposition to 670 K. The decomposition of retained austenite leads to a sudden decrease of amplitude of the relaxation peak and a modulus anomaly. Both these effects can be attributed to a decrease of the dislocation density in martensite, probably associated with the depletion of carbon atoms in the dislocation core. At low frequency, a mechanical-loss peak associated with the decomposition of retained austenite is visible.     

Photonic band effects in three dimensional lattices of macroscopic-sized dielectric spheres derived from microwave transmission spectroscopy

Several structures of dielectric spheres (glass) have been arranged and the electromagnetic absorption properties of the resulting materials have been measured in the microwave domain. In all cases strong rejected bands are present while keeping nearly transparent for other frequencies. The physical origin of the observed bands is studied by recording the spectra of the materials as they are grown layer by layer. These data show the appearance of a peak attributed to Bragg scattering generated by the spheres layers. Besides, higher order bands are developed over the resonances that are found even in the single layer of spheres. These are caused by a complex interaction of isolated sphere Mie modes and Bragg scattering in planes perpendicular (or nearly) to the incident radiation.     

总剂量辐照条件下部分耗尽半导体氧化物绝缘层N沟道金属氧化物半导体器件的三种kink效应

研究了0.8 μm SOINMOS晶体管,经过剂量率为50 rad (Si)/s的⁶⁰Co γ射线辐照后的输出特性曲线的变化趋势. 研究结果表明, 经过制造工艺和版图的优化设计, 在不同剂量条件下, 该样品均不产生线性区kink效应. 由碰撞电离引起的kink效应, 出现显著变化的漏极电压随总剂量水平的提高不断增大. 在高剂量辐照条件下, 背栅I_D-V_SUB曲线中出现异常的"kink"现象, 这是由辐照诱生的顶层硅膜/埋氧层之间的界面陷阱电荷导致的.     

Investigation of the effects of spin injection of charge carriers from a ferromagnetic Ni(Co)/GaAs Schottky contact in quantum well heterostructures

The circularly polarized electroluminescence of quantum-confined InGaAs/GaAs heterostructures with a ferromagnetic Ni(Co)/GaAs Schottky contact has been investigated. It is shown that the high degree of circular polarization (to 42%) is due to the injection of spin-polarized holes from the ferromagnetic metal. The dependence of the spin injection efficiency on the type of the metal/GaAs interface and the quantum well depth has been analyzed. The spin coherence length of holes was found to be ≈80 nm at 1.5 K.     

Phenotype and in vitro function of mature MDDC generated from cryopreserved PBMC of cancer patients are equivalent to those from healthy donors

Background  

Monocyte-derived-dendritic-cells (MDDC) are the major DC type used in vaccine-based clinical studies for a variety of cancers. In order to assess whether in vitro differentiated MDDC from cryopreserved PBMC of cancer patients are functionally distinct from those of healthy donors, we compared these cells for their expression of co-stimulatory and functional markers. In addition, the effect of cryopreservation of PBMC precursors on the quality of MDDC was also evaluated using samples from healthy donors.     

Effect of collisions on streaming carriers in solids

The role played by collisions, when a stream of charged carriers interacts with space-charge waves is discussed. It is shown that for certain scattering mechanisms, instabilities may be expected even for waves of infinite long wavelengths.     

Formation of silver nanoparticles on polypropylene microfibrous carriers

Methods of physical and numerical experiments are used to investigate formation of quantum dissipative silver nanostructures on polypropylene microfibrous condensed-state carriers under two-stage activation by UV- and microwave radiation. For these two nanoprocessing stages, two different mechanisms of quantum activated silver nanoparticle relaxation are suggested, including dissipation of their energy into the polymeric matrix through the exciton femtosecond and phonon picosecond channels. A comparison of the results of mathematical modeling and physical experiments testifies to the adequacy of these models to the physical processes of self-assembly and self-organization of polymeric biomimetic fibrous material modified by silver nanoparticles.