H^＋3O和H^＋3（H2O）n（n=1,2,3）阳离子振动力场和光谱频…

本文利用多原子分子振动力场的模型势函法对Ｈ＾＋３Ｏ和Ｈ＾＋３Ｏ（Ｈ２Ｏ）ｎ（ｎ＝１～３）阳离子的振动力场作了理论计算，并对其光谱频率进行了预测。Ｈ＾３Ｏ和Ｈ＾＋９Ｏ４的振动频率的结果优于从头算梯度法的结果。本文首次给出了Ｈ＾５＋５Ｏ２、Ｈ＾＋７Ｏ３伸缩振动频率的理论预测值。     

环多肽晶体的浮动电荷极化力场模拟

利用原子键电负性均衡结合分子力场方法(ABEEM/MM)对五种环多肽晶体进行了研究. 与传统力场相比, 该方法中的静电势包含了分子内和分子间的静电极化作用, 以及分子内电荷转移影响, 同时加入了化学键等非原子中心电荷位点, 合理地体现了分子中的电荷分布. 相对其他极化力场模型, 具有计算量较小的特点. 该模型下计算得到的环多肽分子单元相对实验测得的结构的原子位置、氢键长度和二面角的均方根偏差分别为0.009 nm、0.013 nm和5.16°, 能够很好地重复实验结果. 总体上, 其结果优于或相当于其他力场模型, 适用于对实际蛋白质体系的模拟和研究.     

H3+O和H3+O(H2O)n(n=1,2,3)阳离子振动力场和光谱频率的理论计算

本文利用多原子分子振动力场的模型势函法对H₃⁺O和H₃⁺O(H₂O)_n(n=1～3)阳离子的振动力场作了理论计算,并对其光谱频率进行了预测.H₃⁺O和H₉⁺O₄的振动频率的结果优于从头算梯度法的结果.本文首次给出了H₅⁺O₂、H₇⁺O₃伸缩振动频率的理论预测值.     

应用ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型研究半胱氨酸二肽构象的性质

ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型是应用于蛋白质体系的原子-键电负性均衡方法(ABEEM)与力场(MM)相结合的浮动电荷模型.该模型能够准确地描述分子在环境变化时的静电极化,并能快速计算气态和溶液多肽的结构和能量.首次应用ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型研究半胱氨酸二肽构象的性质,如构象能、氢键等.此外,应用从头计算HF/6-31G**方法对其性质进行计算.ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型可以快速准确地得到半胱氨酸二肽分子不同稳定构象的性质,其结果可以和从头计算相媲美.以上研究有助于加深对半胱氨酸二肽构象性质的了解,从而也为进一步验证ABEEM/MM蛋白质力场模型的正确性以及参数的合理性提供可靠的依据.     

利用浮动电荷力场对N-甲基乙酰胺水溶液的分子动力学模拟

利用原子键电负性均衡结合分子力场方法(ABEEM/MM)对N-甲基乙酰胺(NMA)分子的水溶液体系进行了分子动力学模拟. 与经典的力场模型相比, 该方法中的静电势包含了分子内和分子间的静电极化作用, 以及分子内电荷转移影响, 同时加入了化学键等非原子中心电荷位点, 合理体现了分子中的电荷分布. 相对其它极化力场模型, 该模型具有计算量较小的特点. 在该模型下对NMA纯溶液和其水溶液体系进行了分子动力学模拟, 得到的径向分布函数、汽化热和偶极矩等物理量与实验值和其它极化力场方法符合很好, 合理描述了溶质与溶剂之间的静电极化和分子内的电荷转移.     

适用于TATB,RDX,HMX含能材料的全原子力场的建立与验证

报道一个适用于三种常见的含能材料分子三硝基三氨基苯(TATB),环三亚甲基三硝胺(RDX),环四亚甲基四硝胺(HMX)的全原子力场.力场采用广泛使用的力场函数形式,其中键参数通过拟合量子化学密度泛函计算的数据获得,电荷参数和范德华参数通过拟合相应的分子晶体的物理性质(密度和升华焓)优化得到.通过计算分子和分子晶体的性质显示该力场可以用来准确地预测分子结构、分子振动频率和分子晶体的晶胞参数、密度和升华焓.进一步的验证显示该力场可用来较为准确地预测分子晶体的状态方程和机械模量.     

醛酮类化合物的分子力场参数推导及热力学性质计算

针对醛酮类分子, 基于第一原理的量子化学计算结果开发了准确、可迁移的全原子力场. 利用所得到的力场, 采用分子动力学和蒙特卡罗方法对醛酮类分子的气相分子结构、振动频率、构象能和凝聚相液体性质(密度和蒸发焓), 以及流体的多种热力学性质包括气液相平衡和临界性质, 与涨落相关的等压热容, 传递性质如剪切粘度等进行了计算和预测. 计算结果表明, 该力场可准确地反映气相分子的结构、振动频率、构象能和凝聚相液体密度和蒸发焓等性质, 并准确地预测一系列醛酮类分子的多种热力学性质. 所开发的醛酮类分子力场函数形式简单, 并具有良好的可迁移性和准确性, 在应用范围和计算精度上都有明显的改善和提高.     

在激波波面中氧分子的非平衡离解

对强激波作用下双原子分子振动与离解耦合的非平衡离解过程进行了理论计算.本工作的特点是将计算起点建立在分子基本参数上,采用主方程理论处理振动与离解的耦合,振动跃迁几率用SSH理论计算,在离解限附近考虑多量子数跃迁并计及原子复合的影响.对O2－Ar体系,计算给出了在正激波后O2分子振动能级分布、振动弛豫时间、离解孕育时间、离解产物浓度、离解速率系数等物理量随时间的演化.计算结果分别与Camac 和Wray的实验相符.计算显示，在激波作用的后期,有准稳态的振动能级布居分布.计算结果显示，Park模型低估了非平衡离解速率系数,Hansen模型则高估了非平衡离解速率系数.     

GEMC和GDI方法计算流体气液相平衡的比较

考察采用TraPPE联合原子和OPLS全原子力场两种分子力场, Gibbs系综蒙特卡罗(GEMC)方法和Gibbs-Duhem积分(GDI)方法计算流体气液相平衡的适用性、计算速度、计算精度等问题. 结果表明, 在采用全原子力场情况下, GDI方法比GEMC方法极大地节省了计算时间. 从计算结果来看, 两种方法各有适用范围, 在使用时可互为补充. 在给定力场的前提下, 两种方法所得到的液相密度、蒸发焓、临界温度和临界密度相差不大, 而当力场中的缺陷导致蒸发焓的计算不够准确时, 两种计算方法得到的气体的压力和密度明显不同,进而导致预测的临界压力也明显不同.     

双原子分子振动对热力学性质的影响

本文在分析了双原子分子振动能级的完备性和有限性及其对统计计算带来的影响的基础上,借助代数（AM）方法得到的双原子分子振动能级完全集合,采用量子力学统计系综方法,讨论了双原子分子振动能量对宏观热力学性质的统计贡献,并以氮气为例计算了相应的热力学函数和振动热容量．结果表明,真实的双原子分子振动能级是有限的;确定最高振动量子数和振动能级完全集合是正确进行统计分析的基础和关键;考虑振动能级的完备性和有限性后,只能导致数值解而不是解析解,所得的结果优于谐振子模型的解析结果,与实验数据吻合得很好．     

An extended version of boyd''s force field method applicable to heteroatomic molecules Part 3. Glycine, -isoleucine, -norleucine

The force field method developed by Boyd is extended to include molecules containing atoms other than C and H (e.g., N, O, P, S, Cl, Br, …). A new set of force field parameters is determined in order to redefine the potential energy functions that govern the dynamics of the internal (valence coordinates) degrees of freedom of a molecule. It is shown that the minimum of the partial potential energy surface is significantly affected by electrostatic intramolecular interactions. In this regard the non-bonded interactions appear to be less important than the dipole—dipole type interactions for a given interatomic distance when heteroatoms are present in the molecular framework. The reliability of the extended method as regards minimized structure, vibrational spectra and thermodynamic properties has been checked for more than 20 polyatomic molecules. From the correlation between calculated and experimental properties it is concluded that the method has good potential for further applications on polyatomic molecules with increasing size and topological compexities such as adenine and uracil.     

Use of semiempirical molecular orbital calculations for the evaluation of force fields

Various methods, employing molecular orbital calculations of varying approximations, for evaluation of force fields of polyatomic molecules have been reviewed. Applications ofcndo/force method for the force field calculations are specially dealt with in detail because of its ease of operation and being economically more viable in terms of computer time. The calculated C=O stretching force constants for a series of organic molecules are shown to have linear relationship with substituent constants.     

Force constants of angle deformation in triatomic molecules

An expression for the angle deformation force constant of a polyatomic molecule has been derived on the basis of electrostatic theorem. By testing this expression with a number of triatomic molecules, it has been shown that the expression is useful for predicting the force constant of angle deformation in triatomic molecules.     

Application of potential constants: Electronic chemical potentials of polyatomic molecules—VIII

A new approach for the calculation of electronic chemical potentials of polyatomic systems is developed by applying the quadratic potential (force) constants which are available from normal coordinate analyses using spectroscopic data. The approach is constructed within the framework of density-functional theory into which the simple bond-charge model is incorporated. To evaluate the utility of such an approach, we have calculated electronic chemical potentials for various kinds of polyatomic molecules, and the calculated results have been compared favorably with experimental values as well as those obtained from ab initio SCF calculations. It seems that this approach offers the possibility of chemical potential calculations for polyatomic molecules whose quadratic stretching force constants are obtained by normal coordinate analyses.     

Molecular force fields obtained using the nonempirical stabilizer of the regularizing functional

A new approach to the analysis of the force fields of polyatomic molecules is discussed. The results of quantum chemical calculations in combination with experimental data are used in a regularizing procedure, where the nonempirical matrix of the force constants determines the stabilizer of Tikhonov's functional. The use of stable numerical methods allows the specific modeling of the force fields of polyatomic molecules with due account of rotational isomerism. M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemical Faculty. Translated fromZhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 204–216, March–April, 1995. Translated by I. Izvekova     

构造SO~2分子势能面的李代数方法

把李代数方法得到的SO~2分子的代数Hamiltonian,利用相干态基经典化并找到一个新的变换,将分子的键角引入,而得到SO~2分子的势能面。由该势能面计算的解离能,所给出的势能面的立体图和相应的等高线以及力常数与其他方法给出的相一致。该方法可以推广到多原子分子及反应体系。     

Calculation of optimum geometries and force fields by the CNDO/force method

CNDO/Force calculations have been performed on a series of molecules, H₂CO, F₂CO, CF₄, CHF₃, CH₂F₂ and CH₃F. The optimum geometries and force fields are reported. It is found that the method can successfully predict the geometries of polyatomic molecules. The bending force constants and interaction force constants are, in general, comparable with experimental values both with respect to sign and magnitude. The stretching force constants have higher values than the experimental force constants. However, the trend in stretching force constants of a series of molecules is comparable with that of the corresponding experimental values.     

A new optimization technique for artificial neural networks applied to prediction of force constants of large molecules

An artificial neural network (ANN) method for the prediction of force constants of chemical bonds in large, polyatomic molecules was developed. The force constant information evaluated is to be used for generating accurate estimates of the Hessian used in Newton-Raphson-type ab initio molecular structure optimization schemes. Different network topologies as well as a training procedure based on simulated annealing are evaluated. The results show that an ANN can be designed and trained to provide force constant information within a 1.5 to 5% error band even if the range of the force constants evaluated is very large (from triple bonds to hydrogen bridges). © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Bond-order-bond-energy correlations

A practical procedure for determining the relative strengths of chemical bonds is presented. It is shown, for diatomic and polyatomic molecules, that bond strengths correlate directly with bond orders calculated from force constants and bond lengths. The latter two properties can be obtained either experimentally or computationally.