光学超振荡与超振荡光学器件

传统光学器件的衍射极限极大地制约了远场超分辨光学系统的进一步发展.如何从光学器件层面突破光学衍射极限瓶颈,实现非标记远场超分辨光学成像,是光学领域面临的巨大挑战.光学超振荡在不依靠倏逝波的条件下,可以在远场实现任意小的亚波长光场结构,这为突破光学衍射极限提供了一条崭新的途径.近年来,光学超振荡现象和超振荡光学器件的相关研究得到了快速发展,在理论和实验上成功地演示了超振荡光场的产生和多种超振荡光学器件,并在实验上展示了超振荡光学器件在非标记远场超分辨光学显微、成像以及超高密度数据存储等应用领域的巨大优势和应用潜力.本文对光学超振荡相关理论、超振荡光学器件设计理论和方法、超振荡光学器件发展现状、超振荡光场测试方法以及超振荡光学器件的应用等方面进行详细介绍和分析.     

光纤激光器及其在传感中的应用

介绍了光纤激光器的基本结构和特点，着重介绍了光纤激光器在相位型、波长型、光强型和偏振态型传感器中的应用，指出了光纤激光器在传感中的发展趋势。     

球棱镜及其应用

现代科技的迅速发展促进了非共轴光学系统的发展和日益广泛的应用。球棱镜是非共轴光学系统常采用的光学元件之一。合理采用球棱镜元件可以设计出一系列具有不同用途的光学系统。它们具有尺寸小、重量轻、结构紧凑等特点，并且具有共轴光学系统难以达到的一些光学性能，因而也拓宽了光学系统的应用范围。本文从非共轴光学系统出发，对球棱镜的种类和性能特点进行了阐述，并介绍了其在非共轴光学系统中的几种应用。     

C_(60)-TTF及Ru-oligothienylacetylide复合物的设计合成:新型非线性光诱导效应纳米材料(英文)

Nonlinear optics has been the subject of intensive research because of its wide applications in field of photonics, nanophotonics[1] and optoelectroncs such as optical signal processing, broad-band optical communications, integrated optics, optical sensing, optical poling, optical limiting, optical computing etc.     

MEMS与MEMS光开关

微机电系统(MEMS)技术是一种新型制造技术,在光通信的发展中得到广泛的应用,有极大的市场价值.在整个光通信中,光开关是较为重要的光无源器件,在光网络系统中可对光信号进行选择性操作.随着光通信的日益发展,对光开关的技术要求也日益提高,利用MEMS技术制作的新型光开关具有体积小、重量轻、能耗低、集成化程度高等特点,从而日益成为研究的热点.本文简单介绍了MEMS技术和其主要特点,并较详细地阐述了MEMS技术在光通信中的应用,以及MEMS光开关的结构、发展趋势和目前存在的主要问题.     

高分辨和超分辨光学成像技术在空间和生物中的应用

大到天文光学望远镜观察浩瀚的宇宙, 小到光学显微镜探察细微的纳米世界, 光学成像技术在人类探索和发现未知世界奥秘的活动中扮演着至关重要的角色. 看得更远、看得更细、看得更清楚是人们不断追求的目标. 传统光学理论已证明所有经典光学系统都是一个衍射受限系统, 即光学系统空间分辨率的物理极限是由光的波长和系统的相对孔径(或数值孔径)决定的. 能否突破这个极限？能否不断提高光学系统的成像分辨率？围绕着这个问题, 本文综述了近年来开展的各种光学高分辨和超分辨成像技术, 及其在空间探测和生物领域中的应用.     

国防光学计量技术的发展与展望北大核心CSCD

随着光学理论的发展和科技的进步,光学技术得到了迅速发展,对光学计量技术提出了新的要求和挑战。针对光学计量在国防军事中的重要性,分析了我国装备保障的发展对国防光学计量的新要求,介绍了国防科技工业光学一级计量站在光学成像和光辐射基础物理量计量、武器光电装备综合参数计量保障、光学前沿技术计量以及军用光电测试仪器研发方面的发展现状,提出了国防光学计量面临的主要问题及未来的发展方向。     

长、短周期光纤光栅退火实验研究

光纤光栅技术是光纤通信领域继光纤放大器之后的一个里程碑 ,由此产生的全光纤光子线路及其集成将对光纤通信的发展产生巨大的推动作用。获得性能稳定的光纤光栅具有重要的意义。介绍了长、短周期光纤光栅的光学特性及退火特性     

Simple and high efficient graded-index multimode fiber tweezers:simulation and experiment

We propose and demonstrate a novel single fiber optical tweezer based on a graded-index multimode fiber(GIMMF), which works with a free length GIMMF(30 cm). We achieve a three-dimensional stable trap of yeast cells by using the GIMMF optical tweezers. Compared with the single-mode fiber optical tweezers,the GIMMF optical tweezers possess large optical trapping forces. Owing to the freedom of the GIMMF length,the fabrication of the GIMMF optical tweezers is simple, repeatable, and highly efficient. The GIMMF tweezers have the penitential to become a new member of the single fiber optical tweezers family and have a wide range of applications in the medical and biological cytology fields.     

Optical tweezers technique and its applications

Since their advent in the 1980s,optical tweezers have attracted more and more attention due to their unique non-contact and non-invasion characteristics and their wide applications in physics,biology,chemistry,medical science and nanoscience.In this paper,we introduce the basic principle,the history and typical applications of optical tweezers and review our recent experimental works on the development and application of optical tweezers technique.We will discuss in detail several technological issues,including high precision displacement and force measurement in single-trap and dual-trap optical tweezers,multi-trap optical tweezers with each trap independently and freely controlled by means of space light modulator,and incorporation of cylindrical vector optical beams to build diversified optical tweezers beyond the conventional Gaussian-beam optical tweezers.We will address the application of these optical tweezers techniques to study biophysical problems such as mechanical deformation of cell membrane and binding energy between plant microtubule and microtubule associated proteins.Finally we present application of the optical tweezers technique for trapping,transporting,and patterning of metallic nanoparticles,which can be harnessed to manipulate surface plasmon resonance properties of these nanoparticles.     

Symmetry and the generation and measurement of optical torque

A key element in the generation of optical torque in optical traps, which occurs when electromagnetic angular momentum is transferred from the trapping beam to the trapped particle by scattering, is the symmetries of the scattering particle and the trapping beam. We discuss the effect of such symmetries on the generation and measurement of optical torque in optical tweezers, and some consequent general principles for the design of optically driven micromachines.     

Optical activity and time reversal

The rôle of time reversal symmetry in natural and magnetic optical activity is discussed. Natural optical rotation is shown to be generated by an anti-hermitian odd parity time-even operator and magnetic optical rotation by an anti-hermitian even parity time-odd operator. This shows that lack of time reversal invariance is not the source of natural optical rotation and that free atoms can show natural optical rotation without violating reversality, which leads to a fundamental distinction between the conditions necessary for natural optical rotation and a permanent space-fixed electric dipole moment. General transition optical activity and polarizability tensors between components of degenerate states are discussed with reference to possible new Raman experiments and new contributions to discriminating intermolecular forces between chiral molecules. Time reversal symmetry also leads to a new criterion for chiral objects and to the concept that natural optical activity provides an example of spontaneous symmetry breaking with respect to CP.     

远场光钳与近场光钳的发展

以经典光学为基础的光钳技术(又称"光镊")在生物、物理和化学等领域得到了广泛的发展和应用,但是该技术受到高倍显微物镜的尺寸和光学衍射极限等多种因素的制约,从而限制了其进一步发展。而远场光纤光钳和近场光钳技术,从不同方面克服了传统光钳的局限。回顾了传统光钳、远场光纤光钳和近场光钳的发展,着重讨论了各种方法的工作原理、实验方法和技术性能,对这几种光钳技术进行了深入地总结和细致地比较。     

第九讲光速减慢和光缓存技术

高速光信号的存储是光信息科学的重要分支,全光缓存器是当今高速光信号处理的瓶颈.本文介绍了全光缓存器的研究进展,着重介绍了光速减慢的原理、物理基础, 以及在半导体量子点中利用电磁诱导透明效应发展全光缓存器的思路.     

Ultrafast optical frequency comb synthesizer and analyzer

We propose an ultrafast optical arbitrary waveform synthesizing/analyzing technique demonstrated with 2 Tbit/s waveforms. An ultrafast waveform was generated by manipulating the amplitude and phase of a 400?GHz optical frequency comb using a newly developed colorless optical synthesizer. The 400?GHz optical frequency comb was generated from a 25?GHz optical frequency comb using a colorless arrayed waveguide grating. This waveform was then analyzed on the frequency axis using a custom heterodyne-detection technique based on the dual-heterodyne mixing method. The phase and amplitude spectra can be observed in parallel using another optical frequency comb as a reference combined with an arrayed waveguide grating. This optical system, named the ultrafast optical frequency comb synthesizer and analyzer, can synthesize and analyze an arbitrary waveform in the THz frequency region.     

光学玻璃的发展及其应用

随着光子学技术的发展，利用玻璃和光的相互作用改变光的极化态、频率、相干性和单色性，以及产生光子和探测光子的新型光功能玻璃成为光学玻璃发展的主要方向。本文针对光学玻璃及其在光学和信息技术等相关应用领域的重要性和发展作了介绍，重点阐述了非线性光学玻璃、梯度折射率光学玻璃、激光玻璃以及其他光功能玻璃的主要特性和发展状况，并对我国的光学玻璃工业发展作了回顾。     

Efficient non-linear optical fibres and their applications

There seem to be three possible approaches to achieve efficient non-linear optical effects in fibres: the increase of optical intensity in fibres, the control of group velocity dispersion in fibres and the use of efficient non-linear optical materials for fibres. From this viewpoint, high-numerical-aperture single-mode fibres with high optical intensity, single-mode fibres with extremely small dispersion at the operating wavelength and LiNbO₃ single-crystal fibres with efficient non-linear effects, are now being investigated. This paper describes the fabrication of these optical fibres, and their non-linear optical applications.     

光纤端面的质量与光纤光学性能的关系

光纤的透过性能是光纤传输的重要特性之一。影响光纤透过性能的因素除了纤芯、包层玻璃的质量和几何缺陷以外,还与光纤端面的质量有关。在光纤的加工过程中,光纤端面的平整度、磨料的使用等都会影响端面的质量。讨论了影响光纤透过性能的因素;光纤端面的反射损失对透光性能的影响;增透膜对光纤端面反射的控制;加工后光纤端面的几何形状对透过性能的影响;加工后纤维端面折射率的变化情况;抛光液酸碱性的控制;抛光后光纤端面的处理。通过对光纤端面进行加工过程的控制和对光纤端面进行涂层的处理可改善光纤的透光性能。     

卫星内无线光网络通信技术及其实现

卫星内无线光网络通信的基础在于卫星内无线光通信链路. 为保障链路质量, 必须解决适合卫星内环境的抗噪和抗多径损害等技术问题, 以及相关设备的适当重量、体积和功耗等实现问题. 其关键是结合载波和卫星环境的特性, 并配合其它卫星技术研究无线光网络通信技术. 实验表明, 在卫星内实现适应编码调制和脉冲波形技术, 无线光噪声复合消除技术、后验均衡技术和有序捆绑解调解码技术等, 点对点和点对多点高速光链路误码率达到了正常通信要求. 为进一步利用无线光属性组建高服务质量（QoS）网络, 获得高的整体通信效率奠定坚实根基.     

Time-resolved spectroscopy and optical gain of silica-based fibers co-doped with Bi, Al and/or Ge, P, and Ti

The optical properties of optical fibers based on silica glass doped with bismuth and co-doped with aluminum oxides and/or germanium, phosphorus, and titanium oxides are studied. The optical loss and luminescence spectra of optical fibers substantially depend on the core composition. The gain spectra of single-mode optical fibers are measured in the IR range. It is demonstrated that the phosphorus-germanium-silicate optical fiber doped with bismuth exhibits a broad gain band (1270–1520 nm) when pumped at a wavelength of 1230 nm. It is also shown that the bismuth-aluminosilicate optical fibers additionally doped with Ge or Ti at about 1 at % have the gain spectra that are significantly narrower than the IR luminescence spectra (in contrast to the fibers that do not contain Ge and Ti). The intensity decay curves of the IR luminescence in such fibers indicate the presence of both short-lived (with the lifetime τ≤4 μs) and long-lived (τ ～ 1 ms) energy levels in the bismuth active centers.