Photocatalytic Reduction of Nitrobenzene by Titanium Dioxide Powder

The feasibility of photocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene using titanium dioxide powder as photocatalyst, under the protection of nitrogen and presence of hole scavenger conditions, was studied. Effects of the illumination time, amount of catalyst and sorts of solvent on the photocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene were investigated, respectively. The results showed that, for the photocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene, aniline was the main product. When the illumination time was 6 h, 8.15×10^?4 mol/L of nitrobenzene could be photocatalytically reduced completely, with the yield of aniline being 88.5%. The optimum amount of TiO₂ used was 4.0 g/L, the optimum initial pH value of reaction solution was 4.0 and the best solvent was methanol. The kinetics and mechanisms of the photocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene were also discussed.     

纳米二氧化钛气相光催化降解三氯乙烯

采用气相色谱－质谱联用方法,Ｘ射线光电子能谱和程序升温脱附方法研究了纳米二氧化钛表面三氯乙烯的气相光催化降解反应。检测到四种新的含三个碳原子的中间体,说明三氯乙烯在反应过程中发生了Ｃ＝Ｃ双键的裂解及加成反应。研究表明,水蒸气对降解反应的影响不公与水蒸气的浓度有关,还与催化剂对水的吸收能力有关。反应副产物在催化剂表面的积累是导致催化剂活性降低的主要原因。催化剂的Ｘ射线光电子能谱显示,反应后催化剂表面     

镧掺杂二氧化钛纳米管光催化性能

以多孔有序阳极氧化铝为模板,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备掺杂La的二氧化钛纳米管,用场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和比表面分析仪对其进行表征,以甲基橙为目标降解物,对比未掺杂的二氧化钛纳米粉、纳米管以及掺杂的二氧化钛纳米粉研究其光催化性能,并对降解机制进行分析。结果表明：适量的掺杂有利于提高二氧化钛纳米管的光催化性能,掺杂存在一个最佳量,本试验条件下为1%（质量分数）。掺杂的二氧化钛纳米管光催化性能优于掺杂的纳米粉。     

沸石负载TiO2的制备及其对农药敌敌畏的光降解性能

沸石负载TiO2的制备及其对农药敌敌畏的光降解性能;光催化降解     

Effect of Metal Inclusions on the Porous Structure and Photocatalytic Activity of Titanium Dioxide

A study was carried out on the effect of the inclusion of a series of transition metals (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zr, Mo) and also Al, Si, Zn, and Sn into titanium dioxide on its porous structure, anatase formation, and photocatalytic activity in the generation of molecular hydrogen from aqueous ethanol. An increase in the content of these metals leads to a decrease in photocatalytic activity, while an increase in the anatase content in titanium dioxide leads to an increase in such activity.     

铽(III)掺杂TiO2纳米材料相转移和光催化性质研究

以无水丁二醇为溶剂在中性条件下用溶胶凝胶法制备了系列Tb~(3+)(x=0. 0025～0.07)均匀掺杂的二氧化钛纳米材料。研究结果表明，Tb~(3+)掺杂对纳米二 氧化钛的相转移有很强的抑制作用。这种抑制作用的强弱与Tb~(3+)掺杂的浓度有 密切关系，Tb~(3+)(x = 0.02)的掺杂对TiO_2锐钛矿(anatase)向金红石(rutile) 转化的抑制作用最强。伴随着发生相转移温度的提高，掺杂纳米二氧化钛材料的高 温烧结大大缓解，掺杂纳米TiO_2的热稳定性明显增强；掺杂浓度越高，热稳定性 提高越大。对罗丹明的光降解实验表明，Tb~(3+)掺杂可以有效提高TiO_2光催化活 性。对不同浓度、不同煅烧温度样品光催化降解活性进行系统考察后发现，Tb~ (3+)(x=0.02)掺杂的样品在不同煅烧温度下均显示出最好的光催化效率，说明掺杂 浓度对其光催化性质影响很大。用浸渍法制备的样品其光催化活性较纯的二氧化钛 低，并且其催化活性随浸渍浓度的增加而降低，表明稀土离子的分布是影响稀土掺 杂纳米TiO_2光催化性质的主要因素之一。     

TiO2/Sr2CeO4上苯气相光催化氧化

 以钛酸四丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化钛,用发光材料Sr2CeO4负载二氧化钛,经450 ℃焙烧得到不同负载量的光催化剂. 以苯为模拟气体,在静态反应装置中考察了该催化剂对苯氧化的催化性能. 结果表明,二氧化钛负载在Sr2CeO4上能显著提高对气相苯的光催化降解性能,二氧化钛负载量为1.0%时催化剂活性最高,在反应的6 h内未观察到催化剂有失活的现象.     

明胶对纳米二氧化钛相变和光催化活性的影响

以明胶为分散剂采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米晶TiO₂粉末.通过XRD、TG-DTA、AFM、N₂吸附-解吸等手段,考察了明胶对TiO₂煅烧过程中相变和平均粒径的影响;用光催化降解甲基橙检测了明胶用量对样品光催化活性的影响.结果表明:明胶的存在抑制了TiO₂由无定形向锐钛矿的相变,降低了锐钛矿向金红石的相变温度;同时,TiO₂纳米晶的平均粒径也随明胶用量的增加而减小.600℃煅烧样品的光催化活性随明胶用量的增加而提高;800℃煅烧样品在m_G:m_TBOT(明胶与钛酸四丁酯的质量比)=1:8时,具有最高的光催化活性.     

Characterization of TiO2 Loaded on Activated Carbon Fibers and Its Photocatalytic Reactivity

In this paper, TiO2 loaded on activated carbon fibers （ACF） was prepared by a coating treatment, followed by calcination at different temperatures in air atmosphere. The photocatalyst developed was characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS and UV-Vis adsorption spectroscopy. It was observed from SEM images that TiO2 loaded on ACF was in the form of small clusters with nanometer size. As confirmed by XRD and XPS determinations, the crystalline pattern of immobilized TiO2 was still anatase-form after calcination, and the micrographic structure and surface properties of ACF have not been damaged by the deposition process and calcination at different temperatures. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue （MB） in aqueous .solution was investigated using TiOE/ACF as photocatalyst. The comparison of photolysis, absorption and photocatalysis was carded out. The results indicated that the photocatalysis process of combined photocatalyst showed much higher degradation rate than that of photolysis and absorption processes. In addition, the possibility of cyclic usage of the photocatalyst was also confirmed.     

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Titanium Dioxide Supported on Hexagonal Mesoporous Silica at Lower Coverage

The photocatalytic activities of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) supported on hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS), zeolite Y (NaY) were investigated by using the photodegradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) as test reactions. It was found that the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ on HMS was much higher than that of TiO₂ powders, and that of TiO₂ on NaY. It was also found that TiO₂/HMS had maximal photocatalytic activity at a lower Ti content. The larger the pore size of HMS used as the support of TiO₂, the better the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ for degradating of organic pollutant. These observations suggested that the supported structure was a main factor responsible for enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂. Characterization of the samples by TEM, XRD, BET, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra indicated that the structures of HMS and TiO₂ were confirmed and TiO₂ did not enter into the HMS framework and was formed as nanoparticles on all supports.     

纳米二氧化钛膜光催化分解-电化学法联用测定水体中的总磷

利用电化学方法制备了磷钼酸修饰电极,该修饰电极对溶液中的PO43-有很好的电流响应,继而提出了一种用纳米TiO2-K2S2O7共存体系光催化氧化有机磷生成正磷,然后以磷钼酸修饰电极进行测定的新方法。实验中以有机膦酸为标准物质,研究了测定机理,优化了测定条件。实验表明,本方法操作简单、快速、准确。PO43-在0.04~16 mg/L浓度范围内,与修饰电极上的电流响应呈线性关系,检出限为0.02 mg/L。用本方法测定实际水样与标准分析方法所得结果相近。     

硅烷偶联剂改性的二氧化钛光催化降解气相苯

 用硅烷偶联剂KH-570对二氧化钛光催化剂进行了改性,制备了一种新型光催化剂. 以苯作为 模拟气体,在静态反应装置中考察了该催化剂的光催化性能. 结果表明,KH-570能显著提高 二氧化钛对气相苯的光催化降解性能,其转化率是纯二氧化钛的2.5倍. 采用红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱对催化剂进行了表征.     

Interrelationship of Structural-Adsorption Characteristics of Titanium Dioxide and Its Photocatalytic Activity in the Gas-Phase Oxidation of Acetone and Ethanol

X-ray phase analysis and adsorption techniques were used to study the effect of heat treatment of starting amorphous titanium dioxide on its structural-adsorption characteristics, which determine the photocatalytic activity in the gas-phase oxidation of acetone and ethanol. In addition to the specific photocatalytic activity of the samples due to the amount of the active anatase TiO₂ modification, the adsorption capacity of the photocatalysts, which is a function of the specific surface and pore adsorption volume, affects the rate of the reactions studied.     

水热法合成多孔Ag_2S敏化二氧化钛催化剂及其可见光催化活性(英文)

Porous Ag2S sensitized TiO2 catalysts were synthesized by the hydrothermal process.The crystallization and porous structure of the Ag2S/TiO2 composite photocatalysts were investigated by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis,UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,and N2 adsorption.The Ag2S/TiO2 composites were mainly composed of anatase TiO2 and acanthite Ag2S.The absorption edge wavelengths of TiO2 and the Ag2S/TiO2 composite prepared with 3 mmol Na2S.5H2O were 400 and 800 nm,respectively,that is,the absorption edge of the composite had a pronounced red shift.The photocatalytic activity under visible light was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.The photocatalytic activities under visible light of the Ag2S/TiO2 photocatalysts were much higher than that of TiO2.     

铋掺杂介孔二氧化钛的制备及光催化动力学

以介孔分子筛(KIT-6)为载体,采用溶液浸渍法合成了铋(Bi)掺杂的介孔二氧化钛(TiO₂)光催化剂。利用XRD、TEM、SEM、XPS、N₂吸附-脱附法和拉曼光谱法等技术手段对材料的结构和形貌进行表征。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱法考察了催化剂对罗丹明B光催化降解效率,进一步考察了Bi的掺杂量对光催化反应速率的影响,并对光催化降解动力学进行了初步研究。结果表明,Bi掺杂的介孔TiO₂具有较窄的孔径分布(3~4 nm),而且吸收范围扩展到可见光区,其光催化活性明显高于商品TiO₂(P25)。随之Bi掺杂量的提高,反应速率常数也增大,其光催化降解罗丹明B的反应均符合准一级动力学方程。     

纳米二氧化钛光催化材料研究进展

近年来,对纳米二氧化钛光催化材料的研究主要集中在如何提高其光催化效率和开发新的应用领域。在介绍了半导体光催化技术、纳米二氧化钛主要制备方法的同时,从纳米材料复合体系、复杂结构以及晶面诱导等方面列举了最新的提高纳米二氧化钛催化活性的改性方法,最后重点阐述了纳米二氧化钛光催化材料的应用领域和发展瓶颈。     

钛白粉载体对选择性催化还原脱硝催化剂性能的影响

钛白粉(TiO2)是钒钛类选择性催化还原(SCR)脱硝催化剂的载体,TiO2的晶型、比表面积、粒度、孔结构以及SO42-和P2O5含量直接影响所制备的SCR催化剂的性能。一般而言,TiO2的比表面积越大,以其制备的SCR催化剂的比表面积也越大,活性也较高;但对于纳米级TiO2,由于颗粒粒径太小,容易发生烧结,而且形成钒钛化合物,导致催化剂比表面积较载体明显下降,因而活性降低。锐钛型TiO2由于比表面积大和不易被硫化,较金红石型TiO2适合做载体。多孔结构的TiO2使得钒物种在载体表面处于高度分散状态,从而提高催化剂的活性。TiO2中本身含有的少量SO42-和P2O5有助于提高催化剂的性能。     

Bi‐, Y‐Codoped TiO2 for Carbon Dioxide Photocatalytic Reduction to Formic Acid under Visible Light Irradiation

Bi‐ and Y‐codoped TiO₂ photocatalysts were synthesized through a sol‐gel method, and they were applied in the photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to formic acid under visible light irradiation. The results revealed that, after doping Bi and Y, the surface area of TiO₂ was increased from 5.4 to 93.1 m²/g when the mole fractions of doping Bi and Y were 1.0% and 0.5%, respectively, and the lattice structures of the photocatalysts changed and the oxygen vacancies on the surface of the photocatalysts formed, which would act as the electron capture centers and slow down the recombination of photo‐induced electron and hole. The photocurrent spectra also proved that the photocatalysts had better electronic transmission capacities. The HCOOH yield in CO₂ photocatalytic reduction was 747.82 μmol/g_cat by using 1% Bi‐0.5% Y‐TiO₂ as a photocatalyst. The HCOOH yield was 1.17 times higher than that by using 1% Bi‐TiO₂, and 2.23 times higher than that by using pure TiO₂. Furthermore, the 1% Bi‐0.5% Y‐TiO₂ showed the highest apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 4.45%.     

Preparation,Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Lanthanum Doped Mesoporous Titanium Dioxide

Lanthanum doped mesoporous titanium dioxide photocatalysts with different La content were synthesized by template method using tetrabutyltitanate (Ti(OC₄H₉)₄) as precursor and Pluronic P123 as template. The catalysts were characterized by thermogravimetric dif-ferential thermal analysis, N₂ adsorption-desorption measurements, X-ray diffraction, and UV-Vis adsorption spectroscopy. The effect of La³⁺ doping concentration from 0.1% to 1% on the photocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO₂ was investigated. The characterizations indicated that the photocatalysts possessed a homogeneous pore diameter of about 10 nm with high surface area of 165 m²/g. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements in-dicated the presence of C in the doped samples in addition to La. Compared with pure mesoporous TiO₂, the La-doped samples extended the photoabsorption edge into the visible light region. The results of phenol photodecomposition showed that La-doped mesoporous TiO₂ exhibited higher photocatalytic activities than pure mesoporous TiO₂ under UV and visible light irradiation.