大孔吸附树脂对流行性出血热血浆中分子物质的体外吸附研究

本文研究了大孔吸附树脂对流行性出血热血浆中分子物质的体外吸附，用ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ１５柱层析法对血浆中分子物质进行组分分析，观察中分子物质的清除率，初步探讨了大孔吸附树脂的结构对流行性出血热血浆中分子物质的吸附机理。     

大孔树脂对中分子物质的吸附研究 Ⅱ.对尿毒症患者血浆中分子物质的吸附性能

前文~1已从14种树脂中筛选出对中分子物质具有较好吸附性能的X_3大孔吸附树脂。本文则在此基础上,详细研究了X_3树脂对尿毒症患者血浆中分子物质的吸附性能及其血液相容性。     

大孔吸附树脂对流行性出血热血浆中分子物质的吸附及其血液相容性研究

前文已从五种树脂中筛选出对流行性出血热血浆中分子物质具有较好吸附性能的ＨＡ型大孔吸附树脂。本文在此基础上，详细研究了ＨＡ型大孔吸附树脂的血液相容性及其临床应用功效。     

大孔树脂对中分子物质的吸附研究

本文选择芳香族氨基酸模拟中分子物质进行体外吸附实验,从南开大学高分子化学研究所合成的大孔树脂中筛选出具有较好去除中分子物质性能的树脂,对尿毒症患者血浆中分子物质的初步吸附试验结果表明,具有一定的效果。     

大孔吸附树脂的吸附机理

大孔吸附树脂(macroprous adsorption resin, MAR)是近几十年发展起来的一种具有多孔立体结构、人工合成的有机高分子聚合物。由于其特殊的理化性质和吸附性能,已被广泛应用于化学、医药、环保和食品等领域。本文介绍了近年来国内外对大孔吸附树脂在吸附机理研究方面的进展,重点介绍了不同温度条件下大孔吸附树脂对靶标分子的吸附热力学行为模式,靶标分子在大孔吸附树脂表面及孔内的吸附扩散行为模式。此外,大孔吸附树脂性能参数和靶标分子结构参数之间构效关系也对其吸附选择性规律具有重要的影响。因此,大孔吸附树脂与底物间构效关系的匹配程度及其对选择性的影响是大孔吸附树脂分离理论研究的核心。本文最后介绍了可以准确客观描述吸附过程并具有一定使用范围的大孔吸附树脂吸附模型的建立和评价。     

大孔吸附树脂对肿瘤坏死因子吸附性能的研究

选用NK-110、碳化树脂和MET-10043种大孔吸附树脂,通过对树脂吸附量的测定,吸附动力学曲线和吸附等温线的描述等方法,研究了3种大孔吸附树脂对血浆中TNFα的吸附性能,结果表明NK-110和MET-1004对TNFα的吸附量较高,其中又以MET-1004的吸附速率最快     

中分子毒素在碳纳米管上的吸附

研究了两种不同形态的碳纳米管(随机生长多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)及定向生长多壁碳纳米管(ACNTs))对典型中分子毒素的吸附性能. 并与两种现有商用血液灌流吸附材料(活性炭(AC)及大孔吸附树脂(MR))进行了对比. 结果显示, 碳纳米管(CNTs)具有优异的中分子吸附能力, 其中MWCNTs对典型中分子毒素的吸附量可达47.18 mg·g-1, 为活性炭的10.8倍, 为大孔吸附树脂的5.5倍. 此外, 碳纳米管的吸附非常迅速, 中分子毒素在MWCNTs及ACNTs达到吸附平衡的时间仅为10 min和15 min, 而活性炭及大孔吸附树脂则分别需要60 min及120 min. 碳纳米管优异的吸附性能得益于其独特的微观结构所形成的发达的中孔. 因此, 碳纳米管可望成为高效的吸附材料, 应用于血液灌流中.     

大孔吸附树脂对湖南黑茶茶多酚的吸附热力学和动力学研究

以湖南黑茶为原料,采用超声法提取湖南黑茶中茶多酚,后通过静态吸附和解吸实验,对5种大孔吸附树脂进行筛选,研究大孔吸附树脂对湖南黑茶茶多酚的吸附热力学和动力学。结果表明,大孔吸附树脂D-101对湖南黑茶茶多酚有较大的吸附量、较强的解吸能力。大孔吸附树脂D-101对黑茶茶多酚的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附方程;且ΔH0、ΔG0、ΔS0,表明黑茶茶多酚在大孔吸附树脂D-101上的吸附属于可自发进行的物理吸附,吸附过程为放热、熵减过程。吸附动力学研究结果表明,准二级动力学方程的计算值与实验值吻合较好,适合描述大孔吸附树脂D-101对黑茶茶多酚的吸附过程。     

大孔树脂对磺酸类化合物吸附行为的研究

用4种大孔树脂ND-022，ND-900，NDA-99和NDA-100作为吸附剂，分别对水溶液中甲基磺酸钠、苯磺酸钠、对甲基苯磺酸钠和2-萘磺酸钠等磺酸盐进行吸附．探讨了溶液的初始pH值对不同类型树脂吸附磺酸类物质的影响，并通过动态吸附实验研究了SO4^2-对树脂吸附磺酸盐的影响．实验结果表明，复合功能树脂NDA-99对磺酸类化合物具有良好的吸附性能，且其选择性优于弱碱树脂ND-900，这为进一步研究大孔树脂对磺酸类物质的吸附机理和实际工业应用提供了一定的理论依据。     

大孔吸附树脂对盐酸阿霉素吸附性能的研究

本文选用ＨＡ－０１、ＨＡ－０２、ＨＡ－０３大孔吸附树脂对盐酸阿霉素进行静态和动态吸附实验。测定了３种大孔吸附剂的比表面积,孔容及平均孔径,讨论了吸附树脂的孔结构参数与吸附特性的关系,以及盐酸阿霉素溶液浓度,树脂用量等条件对大孔吸附树脂吸附性能的影响。     

血液灌流吸附清除中分子物质的实验研究

我们从所研制的系列树脂中筛选出对中分子物质(MMS)吸附作用较好的5种吸附树脂,并将其中HP-A_3和HP-A_9用于尿毒症患者血浆体外模拟灌流和急性肾衰大鼠血液灌流。应用MMS总量测定法和Sephadex G25凝胶层析法研究树脂对MMS的吸附清除作用。结果表明,这两种树脂体内、外清除MMS作用显著,HP-A_9树脂体内清除效果更好,其血液相容性也更为理想,有希望应用于临床治疗某些MMS堆积的疾病。     

On the Development of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins Using a New Type of Lignin Extracted from Pine Wood with a Levulinic-Acid Based Solvent

Resole resins have many applications, especially for foam production. However, the use of phenol, a key ingredient in resoles, has serious environmental and economic disadvantages. In this work, lignin extracted from pine wood using a “green” solvent, levulinic acid, was used to partially replace the non-sustainable phenol. The physicochemical properties of this novel resin were compared with resins composed of different types of commercial lignins. All resins were optimized to keep their free formaldehyde content below 1 wt%, by carefully adjusting the pH of the mixture. Substitution of phenol with lignin generally increases the viscosity of the resins, which is further increased with the lignin mass fraction. The addition of lignin decreases the kinetics of gelification of the resin. The type and amount of lignin also affect the thermal stability of the resins. It was possible to obtain resins with higher thermal stability than the standard phenol-formaldehyde resins without lignin. This work provides new insights regarding the development of lignin-based resoles as a very promising sustainable alternative to petrol-based resins.     

LETHAL INTERACTION BETWEEN ULTRAVIOLET-VIOLET RADIATIONS AND METHYL METHANE SULPHONATE IN REPAIR PROFICIENT AND REPAIR DEFICIENT STRAINS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI

Abstract— The lethal interaction between monochromatic radiation at various wavelengths and methyl methane sulphonate was tested in strains of Escherichia coli proficient and deficient in DNA repair. In the repair proficient wild-type strain K12 AB1157, the efficiency of sensitization to MMS as a function of dose (at 334 nm, 365 nm and 405 nm) was found to be directly correlated with the dose necessary to remove the shoulder from the survival curve at the wavelength employed. The 365 nm: MMS interaction was also observed in other repair proficient E. coli strains (W3110 and B/r) but was absent in a recA and a polA strain. Pre-treatment of AB1157 with MMS leads to a much larger interaction than pre-irradiation with 365 nm. It is concluded that dose-dependent damage to DNA repair by the near-UV radiation is involved in the interaction and possibly that MMS causes irreversible damage 10 repair enzymes.     

Comparison of some newly synthesized chemically modified Amberlite XAD-4 resins for the preconcentration and determination of trace elements by flow injection inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)

XAD copolymer resins may be functionalized with heavy metal ion-selective ligands either by covalent linkage to the polymer backbone or by impregnation. These resins may be tailored to be specific for certain heavy metals by adjusting the retention and elution parameters. For the synthesis of immobilized Amberlite XAD-4 copolymer resins that are expected to preconcentrate a number of transition and heavy metals, the Schiff base method was chosen. For this purpose the copolymer was nitrated, reduced to the corresponding amine and converted to the imine compounds via a Schiff base reaction using different organic aldehyde compounds. The interactions of 8 elements (Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, U and Zn) with the resins were qualitatively investigated. Optimal pH for retention was typically 6-8 for most resins although one could be used at pH 5 and elution was achieved using 0.1 M HNO3. The resins were characterized by FTIR, SEM and elemental analysis. It was demonstrated that the resins could be used to preconcentrate ultra-trace analytes from natural waters, and analysis of environmental certified reference materials using FI-ICP-MS showed good agreement with the certified values. Metal retention capacities were also calculated using a batch system and were found to compare favorably with other resins reported in the literature.     

GDX树脂和二氧六环的理化性质对水中酚类污染物富集洗脱性能的影响

以9种一元酚为吸附质,系统讨论了GDX-502和二氧六环的理化性质对酚类富集及洗脱性能的影响。结果表明,GDX-502使用前的溶剂预处理具有净化树脂和改变树脂的孔结构的双重功能,用本文方法对GDX-502进行溶剂预处理,可使树脂获得有利于酚类富集与洗脱的孔结构,该树脂对水中酚类的富集作用是以Van der Waals力和较氢键弱的π-键合作用力为基础的物理吸附,而二氧六环洗脱酚类的实质是氢键作用。     

活性酯固化环氧树脂物性的研究

主要对活性酯固化环氧树脂的吸水性、高耐湿性、电气特性等方面进行了研究,同时也对其树脂极性、交联结构、分子链运动等方面也进行了研究．     

Enhancement of activity and reusability of lipase immobilized on magnetic mesoporous silica for the resolution of racemic secondary alcohols

Magnetic mesoporous silica (MMS) composites with an average mesopore size (~2.98 nm), large surface area (404–442 m²/g), and high saturated magnetization (17.7–33.5 emu/g) were successfully prepared by hydrothermal crystallization in the presence of monodisperse Fe₃O₄ microspheres. The as‐synthesized composites served as supports for lipase from Burkholderia cepacia (BCL) immobilization in isooctane via interfacial activation and were then employed as biocatalysts for the transesterification resolution of racemic aromatic secondary alcohols to synthesize chiral intermediates. The catalytic performance of the immobilized BCL (BCL/MMS) was notably improved compared to that of the non‐immobilized BCL, with the total conversion and enantiomeric excess reaching 50 and 99% of the maximum theoretical values, respectively. Furthermore, the magnetic BCL/MMS possessing the same textural properties and enzyme loading exhibited decreasing catalytic capability as their saturated magnetization value increased. Moreover, BCL/MMS could also be readily recycled from the reaction system by applying an external magnetic field so as to facilitate its reuse up to five cycles with retaining up to 90% of the initial activity. Its high activity, easy recovery, and excellent operational stability make the BCL/MMS a potential green catalyst for the synthesis of optically active intermediates.     

氨基酸—VT对SLE病理性抗体的吸附

本文研究了用ＶＴ树脂偶联各种氨基酸制备的吸附剂对系统性红斑狼疮患者血清中病理性抗体的吸附作用。实验结果表明，多种氨基酸－ＶＴ对ＳＬＥ患者血清中ＩｇＧ抗体有吸附作用，其中Ｓｅｒ－ＶＴ，Ｇｌｎ－ＶＴ和Ｔｙｒ－ＶＴ选择性吸附抗－ＤＮＡ等致病性抗体的效果比较好，同时，提出评价治疗ＳＬＥ用吸附剂吸除效果的四个指标。     

新型含氮、硫纤维素螯合树脂的合成及其吸附性能

将稻壳纤维素的氯化产物(CDC)分别与水合肼、乙二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、丁二胺和己二胺反应,合成了6种含氮纤维素螯合树脂(ADC-1～ADC-6);在碱性条件下用环硫氯丙烷交联ADC合成了6种新型含氮、硫纤维素螯合树脂(TADC-1～TADC-6),研究了合成条件和ADC,TADC树脂对金属离子的吸附性能.结果表明,ADC树脂对Cu²⁺,Cr³⁺,Ni²⁺,Hg²⁺,Zn²⁺等离子有较好的吸附性,对Hg²⁺吸附容量可达0.5mmol/g左右;TADC树脂对Ag⁺,Cu²⁺,Hg²⁺等离子有较好的吸附性,对Hg²⁺和Ag⁺吸附容量可达1.1mmol/g和1.9mmol/g左右;强酸性条件下,ADC和TADC树脂的吸附容量都降低,它们对金属离子的吸附顺序分别为Hg²⁺>Cu²⁺>Ni²⁺和Ag⁺>Hg²⁺>Cu²⁺,树脂用10%的氨水解吸附可重复使用.