金刚烷基甜菜碱型和季铵盐阳离子型表面活性剂的合成研究

以金刚烷胺为起始反应物,首先在过量甲酸存在下,与甲醛发生埃斯韦勒-克拉克甲基化反应合成了N,N-二甲基金刚烷叔胺,在此基础上通过N,N-二甲基金刚烷叔胺与氯乙酸钠、溴代正丁烷、溴代正辛烷、溴代十二烷、溴代十六烷等一系列季铵化试剂的季铵化反应,分别合成了N,N-二甲基金刚烷甜菜碱型表面活性剂及N-(1-金刚烷基)-N,N-二甲基正丁基溴化铵、N-(1-金刚烷基)-N,N-二甲基辛基溴化铵、N-(1-金刚烷基)-N,N-二甲基十二烷基溴化铵、N-(1-金刚烷基)-N,N-二甲基十六烷基溴化铵等金刚烷季铵盐阳离子型表面活性剂,产率分别为75%,75%,61%,44%,54%.采用元素分析,IR,1H NMR等分析手段对5种产物进行了结构鉴定,测试了各种金刚烷表面活性剂水溶液的表面张力.     

2,7-二溴-4-(N,N-二甲基丙烯酰基)芴的合成

以芴为原料,通过溴代、硝化、还原后再与甲基丙烯酰氯反应合成了溴代芴的酰亚胺交联聚合单体——2,7-二溴-4-(N,N-二甲基丙烯酰基)芴,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和IR表征。     

一种季铵盐双子表面活性剂的微波合成及性能研究

以四甲基丙二胺和溴代十二烷为原料,以异丙醇为溶剂,用微波辐射的方法反应合成一种季铵盐双子表面活性剂:二溴化-N,N′-二(二甲基十二烷基)丙二铵.研究了合成反应的最佳工艺条件:四甲基丙二胺与溴代十二烷的摩尔比为1.0∶ 2.2,反应时间为15分钟,反应温度为85℃,微波功率300W时,产率为70.55%.测定了不同浓度表面活性剂水溶液的表面张力,对产品的杀菌性能进行评价.结果表明:合成产品的临界胶束浓度为1.00mmol/L,杀菌率达100%时的药剂用量为40mg/L.     

新型易降解的季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂的合成

N,N-二甲基丙二胺与脂肪酸(癸酸、月桂酸或肉豆蔻酸)反应制得长链酰胺(3a ～ 3c);3与1,4-二溴丁烷反应合成了新型易降解的季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂(1a ～1c),其结构经1H NMR和IR表征.测试结果表明,1具有极低的临界胶团浓度、较强的乳化和增溶能力.     

由三氟异丙烯基溴化镁制备羧酸

以三氟丙烯和溴为原料加成制得1,2-二溴三氟丙烷,脱溴化氢得到2-溴三氟丙烯,再在一定条件下合成2-溴三氟丙烯的格氏试剂（三氟异丙烯基溴化镁）,与CO2反应最终生成1-溴-2-三氟甲基丙酸。 用碳酸钠溶液萃取的方法得到0.8 g产品,纯度为99.6%,收率为3.6%。 对产物进行了MS、IR、1H NMR和13C NMR等表征,并分析了主要副产物1,2-二氟丙二烯和2,3-二三氟甲基-1,3-丁二烯及其与未反应的2-溴三氟丙烯间的[2+2]或[2+4]环加成反应产物。 确定以2-溴三氟丙烯为原料经格氏反应制羧酸较好的反应条件为：以THF为溶剂,1,2-二溴乙烷作引发剂,制备格氏试剂温度为30 ℃,CO2与格氏试剂反应温度为0 ℃。     

含酰胺基Gemini阳离子表面活性剂的合成及性能

以棕榈酸、N,N-二甲基丙二胺、环氧氯丙烷和脂肪胺为原料合成了一系列Gemini阳离子表面活性剂.用红外光谱、质谱对产品进行了结构分析,并对产品性能进行了测定.结果表明:所合成的Gemini阳离子表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度低于传统阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)1-2个数量级;当浓度为1×10-3mol/...     

一种新型甜菜碱两性表面活性剂的合成及其性能

N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺(1)与丙烯酸甲酯经Michael加成反应制得N,N-二甲基-N′-甲氧酰丙基-1,3-丙二胺(2); 2经胺基保护、季铵盐化及水解反应合成了一种新型的甜菜碱两性表面活性剂(6),其结构经¹H NMR, IR和ESI-MS表征。通过电导率法测得6的CMC为1.48×10^-4mol·L^-1,滴体积法测得γ_CMC为39.99 mN·m^-1, Krafft点小于0 ℃。乳化与泡沫性能研究结果表明：6具有较好的表面活性,且乳化性和泡沫性能优良。     

丙二酰胺型双子表面活性剂的合成与性能

丙二酸二乙酯经N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺胺解,再与溴代十六烷或溴代十四烷季铵盐化,合成了两种新型含丙二酰胺基Gemini表面活性剂(命名为16-9-16,14-9-14)。产物经乙腈重结晶,收率分别为80、77.6%(以丙二酸二乙酯计)。采用IR、1H-NMR表征了结构,通过电导法测定其临界胶束浓度(CMC)分别为8.13×10-5、1.69×10-4mol.L-1,采用体积滴定法测定其表面张力γCMC为39.22、40.69 mN.m-1。并研究了其乳化、泡沫性能。     

金刚烷基甜菜碱型表面活性剂的合成研究

以金刚烷胺和甲酸、甲醛为原料,经过埃斯韦勒一克拉克甲基化反应合成了N,N-二甲基金刚烷叔胺.随后采用N,N-二甲基金刚烷叔胺与氯乙酸钠通过季铵化反应合成N-(1-金刚烷基)-N,N-二甲基甜菜碱两性离子表面活性剂,并通过探讨溶剂-选择、反应温度、反应时间、反应体系pH值、反应物配比对反应产率的影响,得出金刚烷基甜菜碱的...     

碳酸酯基阳离子Gemini表面活性剂的相转移催化性能研究

采用二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂,N,N-二甲基乙醇胺与碳酸二甲酯酯交换反应制得二(N,N-二甲基胺基乙基)碳酸酯(Ⅰ),产率92％(以碳酸二甲酯计);再与1-溴代十六烷反应得到一种含碳酸酯基阳离子Gemini表面活性剂(Ⅱ),产率68.5％[以(Ⅰ)计],用IR、1 HNMR、元素分析表征了其结构.采用(Ⅱ)为固-液相转...     

Complexes of pyridinium cyclopentadienylide with chromium and molybdenum carbonyls

Conclusions The pyridinium cyclopentadienylidechromium(molybdenum) tricarbonyl complexes were synthesized and a study was made of their IR, NMR, and mass spectra.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 227–228, January, 1977.The authors express their gratitude to N. I. Vasyukova and G. A. Panosyan for taking the mass and NMR spectra.     

Crystal Structure and Spectroscopic Characterization of Zinc(II) and Mercury(II) Complexes of N‐(Pyridin‐2‐ylmethylene)benzene‐1,4‐diamine

The behavior of N,N′‐bis(pyridin‐2‐ylmethylene)benzene‐1,4‐diamine (L) towards zinc(II), cadmium(II), and mercury(II) chlorides was studied in methanol solutions. In the presence of metal ions, the organic molecule was decomposed to N‐(pyridin‐2‐ylmethylene)benzene‐1,4‐diamine (L′), and complexes of general formula M(L′)Cl₂ were isolated from the mixture. The complexes were identified by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectra, and their structures were further confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis of Zn(L′)Cl₂ and Hg(L′)Cl₂. In the solid state of both complexes, the molecules are stabilized by N–H ··· Cl hydrogen bonds and aromatic π–π stacking interactions.     

Synthesis and NMR elucidation of novel pentacyclo-undecane diamine ligands

The synthesis and NMR elucidation of eight novel pentacyclo-undecane (PCU) diamine compounds are reported. These ligands are potential anti-inflammatory agents to be used against rheumatoid arthritis (RA). One-dimensional NMR techniques (¹H and ¹³C spectra) show major overlapping of methine resonances of the “cage” (PCU) thereby making it extremely difficult to assign all NMR signals. This overlapping occurs as a result of the substitutions made at the quaternary carbons (C-8/C-11) of the cage. Two-dimensional NMR techniques proved to be a useful tool in overcoming this problem.     

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Thermal Properties of N,N′-Bis(5,5-dimethyl-2-phospha-2-thio-1,3-dioxan-2-yl) Ethylene Diamine

The title compound N,N′-bis(5,5-dimethyl-2-phospha-2-thio-1,3-dioxan-2-yl) ethylene diamine (DPTDEDA, C12H26N2O4P2S2) was synthesized by the reaction of neopentyl glycol, phosphorus thio-chloride and 1,2-ethylenediamine, and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR spectra. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and the thermal property was analyzed by TG analysis. The crystal structure belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a = 14.557(16), b = 11.299(12), c = 12.163(13) , β = 98.707(19)°, Dc = 1.305 g/cm3, Z = 4, λ = 0.71073 , μ(MoKα) = 0.447 mm-1, Mr = 388.41, V = 1977(4) 3, F(000) = 824, S = 1.107, the final R = 0.0478 and wR = 0.0810 for 1738 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). X-ray analysis reveals that the crystal structure is centrosymmetrically distributed through 1,2-ethylenediamine to join two distorted six-membered rings. The weak N–H···S interactions are observed and link the molecules into sheets. TG analysis shows that the title compound has good thermal stability and char-forming capability, which are required for an excellent intumescent fire retardant.     

Comparison of oleyl and elaidyl isomer surfactant-counterion systems in drag reduction, rheological properties and nanostructure

Compared with quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants with saturated alkyl chains, quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants with one double-bond in their alkyl chains, when mixed with appropriate counterions (in certain molar concentration ratios, ξ), can reach much lower effective drag-reduction temperatures, while maintaining the upper drag-reduction temperature limit of the corresponding saturated drag reducing surfactant solutions. No previous study has compared the effects of cis- vs. trans-unsaturated alkyl hydrocarbon tail configurations (oleyl vs. elaidyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride cationic surfactants at different counterion/surfactant concentration ratios on micellar nanostructures, (1)H NMR spectra and on rheological and drag-reduction behavior of their solutions. Since neither pure oleyl (cis-) nor elaidyl (trans-) trimethyl ammonium chloride surfactants are commercially available, they were synthesized and their 5mM solutions with NaSal counterion at concentrations of 5mM, 7.5mM and 12.5mM were studied.     

Diastereoselective Synthesis of New Dialkylphosphorylhydrazones

A series of 22 dialkylphosphorylydrazones (dialkyl ester, N′-[(1E)-(R₁ phenyl)methylene]-phosphorohydrazidic acid), 20 of them new, along with three new N,N′-bis (diisobutylphosphorylthioamide)diamines (bis-[diisobutyl ester), N-thioxomethylene]-, diamine)phosphora-midic acid, were prepared and characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, ³¹P NMR, and mass spectrometry. The analysis of ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, ³¹P NMR, and NOE spectra confirmed the observation of the single diastereoisomer E in the synthesis of dialkylphosphorylydrazones. The results of a molecular modeling study performed in order to investigate the mechanism of the synthesis of dialkylphosphorylydrazones are in agreement with the experimental results, i.e., the favored formation of diastereoisomer E over Z.     

星形聚硅氧烷的热稳定性研究和结构表征

含六苯基环三硅氮烷 (P3N)的聚硅氧烷的低温性能与普通聚硅氧烷相当 .35 0℃ ,封闭氮气中老化2 4h后 ,含P3N 聚硅氧烷的热失重比普通聚硅氧烷低 4～ 10倍 ,随聚合物含氮量增加 ,其失重呈下降趋势 ,最低失重为 1 1% .六苯基环三硅氮烷三锂盐 (P3NLi)引发环硅氧烷聚合得到的含P3N 聚硅氧烷的2 9Si NMR谱、IR谱和分子量 (GPC)与特性粘数的关系证明其具有星形结构     

2,7-Disubstituted proton sponges as borderline systems for investigating barrier-free intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Protonated 2,7-bis(trimethylsilyl)- and 2,7-di(hydroxymethyl)-1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalenes

Protonated 2,7-bis(trimethylsilyl)- and 2,7-di(hydroxymethyl)-1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalenes have been prepared and studied by a combination of X-ray crystallography at room and low temperatures, IR and NMR spectroscopic techniques in conjunction with quantum-chemical calculations. It was demonstrated that the intramolecular [NHN]⁺ hydrogen bond in the 2,7-bis(trimethylsilyl) system, being sterically compressed, is the shortest among all known aromatic diamine systems. Nevertheless, as it is evidenced by the primary ¹H/²H isotope effect, IR spectra and MP2 calculations, a double minimum potential for the proton motion still exists with a very low barrier estimated to be about 0.7 kcal/mol. An influence of a counter-anion on the NH proton involving the spatially hindered H-bond is also considered.     

甘氨酸酯衍生物双子季铵盐表面活性剂

双子表面活性剂;合成;甘氨酸酯衍生物双子季铵盐表面活性剂