丙酮+环己烷+甲醇组成的最低共沸混合物热力学性质的研究

Mesoporous molecular sieves Al-MSU-S has been prepared from the precursor of zeolite Y using ionic liquids 1-hexadecane-3-methylimidazolium bromide （CMIMB） as a template in basic medium, which exhibited larger pore diameter, pore volume and surface area than that synthesized using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB） template.     

Sorption on as-synthesized MCM-41

Mesoporous materials MCM-41 with the hexagonal arrangement of pores were obtained using dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide and octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide as templating surfactants. Adsorption of toluene and propan-1-ol on the as-synthesized MCM-41 silica samples was investigated using the TG-DTG, DTA and DSC techniques. The sorption mechanism of used adsorptives is discussed in terms of hydrophobicity of pore interior filled with template as well as pore dimensions.     

Al-MSU-S-Y介孔分子筛的合成及其催化合成缩醛(酮)的研究

以离子液体1-十六烷基-3-甲基溴代咪唑为模板剂合成了Al-MSU-S-Y介孔分子筛,利用XRD、N2吸附-脱附对其进行结构表征,结果表明该方法合成的样品具有较大的孔径、孔容以及比表面积,而且孔径分布较窄.研究了Al-MSU-S-Y对乙二醇与环己酮、丁酮、丙酮、丙醛、丁醛、异丁醛、戊醛、异戊醛、正己醛、正辛醛、苯甲醛等十余种醛(酮)的缩合反应的催化性能,结果表明Al-MSU-S-Y介孔分子筛对醛(酮)与醇的缩合反应有较好的催化性能.     

MCM-41分子筛合成与模版剂回收新方法

研究了以溴代十六烷基吡啶（CPBr）为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为硅源,在强酸性介质中形成MCM-41介孔分子筛六方晶相的过程中,HCI／TEOS对分子筛结构的影响．发现随HCI／TEOS提高,分子筛结晶度、晶胞参数、孔道壁厚明显增加,孔径呈减少趋势．同时还发现包结于分子筛孔道中的CPBr100％可以通过丙团／水混合溶剂萃取回收．据此,本文对MCM-41分子筛的“S X-I ”超分子组装机理及分子筛孔道内模板剂的存在状态进行了进一步探讨．     

介孔氧化铝的溶胶-凝胶法制备

以硝酸铝为铝源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和尿素为复合模板剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了介孔氧化铝（1）,其结构经TEM, XRD, TG-DTA和N₂-BET表征。结果表明：1比表面积较大（＞400 m²·g^-1）,孔径分布窄(3～5 nm),形成的蠕虫状孔道具有短程有序性。     

Preparation ways and photoluminescence of mesoporous alumina

High specific surface area (SSA) mesoporous alumina (MA) is synthesized by a sol-gel method using pelagic clay as the raw material. The MA synthesized with a (1-hexadecyl) trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB): utea mixed template shows a SSA of 385.56 m²/g and a mean pore size of 3.6 nm. And the SSA of the MA synthesized with the mixed template is increased compared with the MA synthesized with a CTAB single template. Simultaneously, the MA exhibits a blue photoluminescence which come from the defect F⁺ and F centers, and the higher PL emission of the MA synthesized with a CTAB: utea mixed template is attributed to the high defect center density in the MA.     

Mesoporous Silica Materials Synthesized via Sol-Gel Methods Modified with Ionic Liquid and Surfactant Molecules

Mesoporous silica materials were synthesized via a sol-gel method employing a room temperature ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, bmimBF4) as a new solvent medium and further modified with surfactant (hexadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide, CTAB) as a pore templating material. The synthesized samples were characterized by the transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. The results indicated that the mesoporous silica synthesized by using bmimBF4 and CTAB as mixed templates showed better mesostructural order and smaller pore size, compared with mesoporous silica materials synthesized by using single bmimBF4 as template under the same conditions. This indicates that the presence of surfactant can affect the microstructures of silica prepared by the present synthesis method.     

介孔氧化铝的制备及其在甲醇脱水制二甲醚反应中的应用

以硝酸铝为铝源,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为阳离子模板剂,采用均匀沉淀法成功制得热稳定性较高和高度有序的介孔Al2O3(其比表面积179.8 m2/g,孔径5.4 am,孔体积0.3 cm3/g),并用于甲醇脱水制二甲醚反应中.结果表明,在280℃,液时空速为30 h-1条件下,甲醇转化率为90.2%,二甲醚时空收率最高可...     

Characterization Studies on the Ionic Liquid-Templated Mesoporous Silica with Wormlike Pores

This article reports a novel preparation of wormlike mesoporous silica with 1-hexadecane-3-methylimidazolium bromide (C₁₆MIM)Br, a kind of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), as a template via a sol-gel nanocasting technique. The characterization studies were carried out in contrast with that of the mesoporous silica with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a usually used template, which has the same alkyl chain length with (C₁₆MIM)Br. The structures of the silica materials have been characterized by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) and N₂ adsorption-desorption measurements. The results show that both the mesoporous materials prepared with different templates respectively can form regular wormlike mesopores with ca. 2 nm in pore diameter. They also have large BET surface areas with narrow size distribution. Compared to the CTAB-template mesoporous silica, the material with (C₁₆MIM)Br as a template has highly uniform pore size and larger surface area. In addition, the formation mechanism of the wormlike mesopores with RTIL has been proposed by an electrostatic charge matching assembly-pathway and steric factor.     

介孔二氧化钛的合成及其对甲基橙降解的光催化活性

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,通过水解钛酸正丁酯合成了介孔二氧化钛分子筛,探讨了合成条件的影响。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和N2吸附-脱附等技术对介孔二氧化钛的晶相、结构、形貌、比表面积和孔径分布进行了表征。实验结果表明:得到的介孔二氧化钛分子筛的孔径为4-4.3nm,用抽提的方法去除模板剂得到的介孔二氧化钛的比表面积比焙烧的要高。以甲基橙为模型污染物,检验了所合成介孔二氧化钛的光催化性质。     

Siliceous mesoporous material templated with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide–sodium dehydrocholate mixed micelles

A mixture of sodium dehydrocholate (NaDHC) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTAB) was employed as a template to produce mesoporous silica. The obtained material shows the same structure as common MCM-41 sieves, but the pore radius distribution is narrower than that of the material produced with the same concentration of pure HDTAB. The average pore radius is also larger than that of the pure HDTAB-templated material.     

以联二萘酚衍生物为手性添加剂制备介孔二氧化硅

通过溶胶-凝胶法以十八烷基三甲基溴化铵（STAB）自组装体为模板和非离子型联二萘酚衍生物（S）作为手性添加剂制备螺旋介孔二氧化硅。样品利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X-光衍射以及氮气吸附-脱附进行了表征。结果表明：反应混合物中S与STAB的物质的量之比对介孔二氧化硅的形貌及孔结构有很大影响。改变n_S：n_STAB比,从0.1：1到0.4：1时,其结构从螺旋纳米棒状变为表面具有环形层状孔的纳米棒,孔道由沿着纳米棒长轴方向转变为同心环状。当n_S：n_STAB=0.5：1时,得到类似皱缩花瓣的纳米颗粒。该手性添加剂的引入并没有改变左右手螺旋纳米棒的比例。     

以联二萘酚衍生物为手性添加剂制备介孔二氧化硅

通过溶胶-凝胶法以十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(STAB)自组装体为模板和非离子型联二萘酚衍生物(S)作为手性添加剂制备螺旋介孔二氧化硅。样品利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X-光衍射以及氮气吸附-脱附进行了表征。结果表明:反应混合物中S与STAB的物质的量之比对介孔二氧化硅的形貌及孔结构有很大影响。改变nS∶nSTAB比,从0.1∶1到0.4∶1时,其结构从螺旋纳米棒状变为表面具有环形层状孔的纳米棒,孔道由沿着纳米棒长轴方向转变为同心环状。当nS∶nSTAB=0.5∶1时,得到类似皱缩花瓣的纳米颗粒。该手性添加剂的引入并没有改变左右手螺旋纳米棒的比例。     

以卵磷脂为手性添加剂制备手性介孔二氧化硅

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的自组装体为模板,卵磷脂(PC)为手性添加剂,在n_PC:n_CTAB=1:21时,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了螺旋介孔二氧化硅纳米棒。利用扫描电镜(FESEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X-射线衍射以及氮气吸附-脱附等测试手段,对该纳米棒的形貌以及孔结构进行了表征。TEM显示该纳米棒的长度约为50~200nm,直径约为30~50nm。X-射线衍射表明孔道呈二维六方排列,虽然FESEM显示纳米棒左右手比例约为1:1,但通过圆二色谱表征证明该纳米棒在埃尺度下倾向于形成单一手性。结果表明,卵磷脂的手性可以传递到螺旋介孔二氧化硅纳米棒中。     

以卵磷脂为手性添加剂制备手性介孔二氧化硅

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的自组装体为模板,卵磷脂(PC)为手性添加剂,在n PC∶nCTAB=1∶21时,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了螺旋介孔二氧化硅纳米棒。利用扫描电镜(FESEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X-射线衍射以及氮气吸附-脱附等测试手段,对该纳米棒的形貌以及孔结构进行了表征。TEM显示该纳米棒的长度约为50～200 nm,直径约为30～50 nm。X-射线衍射表明孔道呈二维六方排列,虽然FESEM显示纳米棒左右手比例约为1∶1,但通过圆二色谱表征证明该纳米棒在埃尺度下倾向于形成单一手性。结果表明,卵磷脂的手性可以传递到螺旋介孔二氧化硅纳米棒中。     

A Novel Method for the Synthesis of Mesoporous Molecular Sieve MCM-41

Using glycerol, glycol and water as solvent, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as template, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source, ethylenediamine (EDA) as base source, mesoporous molecular sieve MCM-41 has been synthesized at room temperature, characterized by X-ray power diffraction and N2 adsorption. Compared with the samples synthesized by glycol and water, the samples synthesized by glycerol have larger pore diameter and high surface areas. Thus glycerol is an efficient solvent for preparing larger pore mesoporous MCM-41.     

以催化油浆为增孔剂的MCM-41介孔分子筛的合成

采用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂、正硅酸乙酯为硅源、硫酸铝为铝源，水热合成了以甲苯溶解的催化油浆为添加剂的MCM-41介孔分子筛，通过XRD、N2吸附脱附、TG-DTA、SEM等测试手段对合成样品进行了表征，重点研究了在甲苯/催化油浆=1∶1和2∶1（质量比）两个剂油比下分子筛结晶度、晶胞参数、BET表面积、平均孔径以及孔容等结构性质随催化油浆添加量的变化规律，并对合成机理进行了解释。结果表明，当剂油比为1∶1时，分子筛的结晶度和晶胞参数随催化油浆添加量的变化呈现先增加后减小趋势，当noil/nCTMAB=0.34时，其晶胞参数最大可以达到5.95 nm；当剂油比为2∶1时，随添加剂量的增加，分子筛结晶度降低，BET表面积成先增大后减小，而孔容和平均孔径呈逐渐增加趋势。当noil/nCTMAB＝0.15时，MCM-41的BET表面积可达1163.7m2·g-1，孔容可达到1.34cm3·g-1，平均孔径为4.34 nm。     

锡掺杂超微孔二氧化锆的合成及表征

The super microporous tin-doped zirconium oxides were successfully synthesized by sol-gel method using zirconyl chloride as Zr source, tin chloride as Sn source and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTMAB） as template under hydrothermal or refluxing conditions. The structures of the resultant materials were characterized by XRD, BET, FTIR, TG-DTA, XRF and HRTEM techniques. Experimental results indicated that the framework of the samples is typically ordered hexagonal structure. The surface area and pore volume of the materials prepared by refluxing method were larger than by hydrothermal method, but the ordering of pore distributions is lower. The thermal stability of the samples was relatively high （〉773 K） and decreased with the increment of tin content.     

Template transformations in preparation of MCM-41 silica

Template transformation in MCM-41 material during thermal treatment under different conditions was investigated on the basis of thermogravimetry (TG-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). Micelle templated silica was prepared using C18 trimethylammonium bromide. The pore structure of MCM-41 samples obtained after removal of the surfactant in air, argon flow and vacuum was analyzed on the basis of the adsorption isotherms of nitrogen at 77 K and XRD experiments. The TG-DTA experiments confirm the mechanism of the template removal known from literature. However, the sequence of the processes during thermal treatment of as-synthesized sample and temperature of transformations depended strongly on the presence of oxygen and the heating rate. The main template degradation took place below 573 K and was independent of the kind of atmosphere above the sample. Residual carbonaceous species are removed from pores and the external surface of MCM-41 silica upon heating to 823 K by combustion or evaporation. The latter process as well as translocation of liquid-like products of template degradation from the pore interior to external surface was confirmed by PALS experiment in vacuum.     

Synthesis and characterization of surface modified SBA-15 silica materials and their application in chromatography

Hexagonally ordered SBA-15 mesoporous silica spheres with large uniform pore diameters are obtained using the triblock copolymer, Pluronic P123, as template with a cosurfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and the cosolvent ethanol in acidic media. A series of surface modified SBA-15 silica materials is prepared in the present work using mono- and trifunctional alkyl chains of various lengths which improves the hydrothermal and mechanical stability. Several techniques, such as element analysis, nitrogen sorption analysis, small angle X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR, solid-state (29)Si and (13)C NMR spectroscopy are employed to characterize the SBA-15 materials before and after surface modification with the organic components. Nitrogen sorption analysis is performed to calculate specific surface area, pore volume and pore size distribution. By surface modification with organic groups, the mesoporous SBA-15 silica spheres are potential materials for stationary phases in HPLC separation of small aromatic molecules and biomolecules. The HPLC performance of the present SBA-15 samples is therefore tested by means of a suitable test mixture.