浅谈中学物理演示实验的设计

阐述物理概念的引入、建立和应用的实验教学中，如何设计和制作实验仪器，以求突出教学重点，有效的突破教学难点，从而培养学生的创新能力。     

CAI在分光计实验教学中的应用

介绍发如何在分光计实验教学中引入ＣＡＩ，以及所取得的效果。     

语音卡在物理实验中的应用

将语音卡引入实验教学软件后，充分调动了人们接受信息的视与听两种主要能力，使程序编制更为简单，且更吸引学生注意力。     

基于Internet/Intranet的大学物理实验系统

利用计算机技术、传感技术和校园网，将现代教育技术引入大学普通物理实验教学中，实现实验数据的自动采集，基于网络的实验预习和实验报告写作、递交、批改及管理等功能．     

物理实验教学中引入物理学史的作用和方法

物理学史在物理实验教学中有着重要的作用.在物理实验教学中引入物理学史的方法有多种多样.现将主要探讨在物理实验教学中,引入物理学史的作用和各种可能的方法.     

中专物理实验教学应注意的几个问题

物理实验教学作为物理教学过程的重要组成部分，是启发学生主动地获取知识、培养和发展能力的一个环境，是教学活动中不可缺少的．不可分割的一部分．基于实验教学在发展学生思维，培养学生创造能力方面的重要作用，课本特别强调实验，通过实验引入概念，通过实验得出规律，通过实验检验猜想，通过实验发展新知．实验作用是任何绘声绘色的讲解和系列习题训练所不能替代的．鉴于此，实验教学要特别注意以下几点：     

实验教学创新的探索

作为实验科学的物理学 ,应重视实验教学创新 ,它是培养学生创新意识和创造能力的有效手段 .本文就实验教学创新作一些探讨 .1　综合运用物理规律 ,设计实验方案 ,拓宽创新思路在物理实验教学中应引导学生主动地设计、制定实验方案 ,变教师讲解实验为学生自我设计实验 ,提倡用不     

分形理论在物理实验教学中应用的探索

综述了作者近年来将分形理论引入基础物理实验教学中的尝试与实践，介绍了分形维数的测定方法及其应用，阐述了教师参与适量的科学研究是实现基础物理实验教学现代化的重要保证。     

计算机信息技术在物理实验教学中的应用与思索

信息技术已经渗透到人们生活的各个方面．而学校，作为新技术应用的先驱，也毫不例外地引入了信息技术，也被应用到物理教学中．众所周知，物理学是一门以实验为基础的学科，实验是物理学科的基础，也是物理知识的源泉．当信息技术渗透到物理实验教学中时，我们应该如何应用呢?在应用中要思考哪些问题呢?这些是本文所关注的．     

注入创新活力培养转化能力——物理实验教学改革方向探索

在评述我国大学物理实验教学改革成果及国外的基本思路的基础上，探讨了物理实验教学改革的方向，研究表明，注入创新活力、培养转化能力是物理实验教学改革的重心。     

煤颗粒热膨胀量与破碎特性的研究

煤颗粒的热膨胀破碎特性直接影响流化床锅炉的运行效率.本文利用热机械分析仪(TMA)测定了不同种类不同密度的型煤和原煤的热膨胀特性,并对部分破碎微观形貌进行了FSEM观察;通过旋转炉内的燃烧试验研究了热膨胀特性和破碎的关系.研究表明,煤颗粒在燃烧过程中其热膨胀破碎主要发生在挥发分析出阶段;内部挥发分的析出会使颗粒内压增大而产生膨胀,进而产生细小裂纹并破碎;挥发分越高,颗粒密度越大,其热膨胀形变率越大,越容易发生破碎现象;主要挥发分析出后热膨胀引起的破碎可以忽略.     

CCD摄像系统镜头的畸变测量

从畸变定义出发,讨论了畸变数学模型,介绍了精密测角法与比长法综合测量畸变的原理。通过放大率法标定出CCD探测器的像素距离当量,通过质心法求出点目标的质心,质心与原点的像素距离乘以像素距离当量得到精确长度。利用正切函数求出绝对畸变值,用最小二乘法解多组数据超定方程,求出拟和公式的系数。实际计算和数据处理结果表明：畸变数学模型在中视场范围内拟合效果很好。     

旋涡的场特征与物质性──离散涡方法基础

旋涡的场特征与物质性──离散涡方法基础吴文权（华东工业大学，上海，２０００９３）关键词旋涡动力学，旋涡场性，旋涡物质性众人关注的不稳定、非定常、分离流动无不与旋涡有关。因而对旋涡的研究吸引了人们的注意。尤其是近来非线性科学的发展，提供了新的思想、方法...     

发射光谱法测定乳浊料中的锆和铪

研究了用碳粉和二氧化钛作缓冲剂同时测定乳浊料中的锆和铪的发射光谱法,选择钛作内标线,不需分离、不需化学处理,直接压样于杯形的石墨电极中,具有简便、快速、准确的特点。对测定条件、干扰因素进行了研究,从而建立测定锆和铪的新方法。锆和铪的分析线分别为327.3和286.6 nm,内标线选择为钛的308.8 nm线,锆和铪的线性范围分别为0～0.50%和0～0.25%。锆和铪的检测限分别为0.001%和0.010%,其回收率为96.67%～105.0%,当n=9时,锆的RSD为3.61%;铪的RSD为4.82%;用于样品的测定取得了满意的结果。     

Design and development of a fiber-optic immunosensor utilizing near-infrared fluorophores

The design and application of a fluorescent fiber-optic immunosensor (FFOI) are reported. The FFOI is utilized for the detection of antibody/antigen binding within the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region. The technique is developed through the combined use of fiber-optic, semiconductor laser-excitation, fluorescence detection, NIR dye, and immunochemical techniques. The antibody is immobilized on the FFOI and utilized as a recognition component for trace amounts of specific antigen. The FFOI is constructed to utilize an antibody sandwich technique. The assay involves the immobilization of the capture antibody on the sensing tip of the FFOI followed by the exposure of the immobilized sensing tip to the antigen. The antigen-coated FFOI is then introduced to a second antibody previously labeled with the NIR dye. Typical measurements are performed in about 15 min. A semiconductor laser provides the excitation (780 nm) of the immune complex. The resulting emission is detected by a silicon photodiode detector (820 nm). The intensity of the resulting fluorescence is directly proportional to the concentration of the antigen. The sensitivity of the analysis reaches 10 ng/ml and the response time is 10–15 min.     

Characterization of cold-sprayed nanostructured Fe-based alloy

The ball-milled Fe-Si alloy was used as feedstock for deposition of nanocrystalline Fe-Si by cold spraying process. The microstructure of the as-sprayed nanostructured Fe-Si was characterized by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The grain sizes of the feedstock and as-sprayed deposit were estimated based on X-ray diffraction analysis. The microhardness and coercivity of the deposited Fe-Si alloy were characterized. The results showed that the as-sprayed deposit presented a dense microstructure. The mean grain size of the as-deposited Fe-Si was several tens nanometers and comparable to that of the corresponding milled feedstock. The temperature of driving gas presented little effect on the microstructure of cold-sprayed nanostructured Fe-Si deposit. The mechanical alloying induced oxygen contents up to 8 wt% in the feedstocks and subsequent deposits. The microhardness of the deposit reached about 400 Hv. The deposit achieved a high coercivity up to 190 kA/m indicating the potential possibility for applications to recording materials.     

Structure prediction and aromaticity of acenes and phenylenes series. A combination method between asymmetric Kekulé structures

The combination method between asymmetric Kekulé structures (CMAK) was expanded to the structure prediction of a series of acenes and phenylenes. The structures predicted by the CMAK correspond to those calculated by the ab initio molecular orbital (MO) and B3LYP density functional methods. The CMAK can characterize the structures. The aromaticity for the whole ring and each ring in the treated compounds was estimated by the index of deviation from aromaticity (IDA). The estimated aromaticity corresponds fairly well to the characterization of the structure predicted by the CMAK. The predicted structures of linear acenes reveal the aromaticity of the central ring and also explain its reactivity. The side ring in [n]phenacene shows high aromaticity. The critical difference in the structure and aromaticity for the central six‐membered ring of the isomers benzo[1,2:4,5]dicyclobutene and benzo[1,2:5,6]dicyclobutene was explained. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高功率宽谱开关振荡器

采用1/4波长开关同轴谐振器技术路线,开展了高功率宽谱微波产生及耦合输出技术研究。设计振荡器工作在200 MHz,低阻抗1/4波长同轴传输线与传输线一端的环形多通道气体火花开关构成谐振器,耦合器由集中电容和分布电感构成,实现宽谱微波的能量提取。通过数值模拟研究了振荡器的振荡及耦合输出过程,分析了高压脉冲馈入方式、谐振器阻抗特性及开关齿槽结构对环形开关导通特性的影响。数值模拟和实验结果证明,采用直馈方式、高阻结构和齿槽结构有利于形成开关多通道导通,并提高开关导通的稳定性。在输出电压为500 kV的Marx脉冲功率源平台上构建了高功率宽谱微波产生实验装置,实验得到的宽谱微波振荡频率为195 MHz,辐射因子约150 kV,频谱带宽约30%。     

Effect of Fe-doping on the structural,morphological and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by solution combustion process

The effect of Fe-doping on the structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by simple solution combustion process are reported. The powder XRD pattern indicates that the Fe-doped ZnO samples exhibit primary and secondary phases. The primary phase indicates the hexagonal wurtzite structure with the average crystalline size of around 25–50 nm and the secondary phase is associated with the face centered cubic structure of magnetite iron oxide. The elemental composition of pure and Fe-doped samples are evaluvated by EDX. The results of FE-SEM and HR-TEM cleary show that particles morphology have changed with respect to the incorporation of doping agent and particles are in aggregating nature. The vibrational properties of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles are investigated by Raman scattering technique and it exhibits that the influence of Fe-doping significantly modify the lattice vibrational characteristics in ZnO sites. The optical properties of the Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles are carried out by UV–vis absorption and PL spectra. The results of PL spectra show the near-band edge related emission as well as strong blue emissions in the Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles.     

基于线偏振光反射率测量介质折射率的研究

研究线偏振光的振幅反射率与介质折射率的关系,提出一种测量介质材料折射率的方法。文中从菲涅耳公式出发,推导出各向同性介质的线偏振光反射率与折射率的关系式,给出基于线偏振光反射率测定介质折射率的原理。设计实验方案,在不同入射角情况,定出线偏振光p方向和s方向两种线偏振光在玻璃表面的反射率,得到线偏振光振幅反射率随入射角变化的实验曲线。依此实验数据得出材料的折射率。结果表明,测出的介质材料的折射率与理论值相符,所采取的测定方案可行。