Shape Coexistence for 179Hg in Relativistic Mean-Field Theory

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Top Quark Flavor Changing Decay t

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The speed of light in confined QED vacuum: faster or slower than c?

We consider the propagation of light in the QED vacuum between an unusual pair of parallel plates, namely: a perfectly conducting one (ϵ→∞) and an infinitely permeable one (μ→∞). For weak fields and in the soft photon approximation we show that the speed of light for propagation normal to the plates is smaller than its value in unbounded space (in contrast to the original Scharnhorst effect [K. Scharnhorst, Phys. Lett. B 236 (1990) 354, G. Barton, Phys. Lett. B 237 (1990) 559, G. Barton, K. Scharnhorst, J. Phys. A 26 (1993) 2037]).     

Emergent O(4) symmetry at the phase transition from plaquette-singlet to antiferromagnetic order in quasi-two-dimensional quantum magnets

Recent experiments [Guo et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 206602(2020)] on thermodynamic properties of the frustrated layered quantum magnet SrCu_2(BO_3)_2-the Shastry–Sutherland material-have provided strong evidence for a lowtemperature phase transition between plaquette-singlet and antiferromagnetic order as a function of pressure. Further motivated by the recently discovered unusual first-order quantum phase transition with an apparent emergent O(4) symmetry of the antiferromagnetic and plaquette-singlet order parameters in a two-dimensional "checkerboard J-Q" quantum spin model[Zhao et al., Nat. Phys. 15 678(2019)], we here study the same model in the presence of weak inter-layer couplings. Our focus is on the evolution of the emergent symmetry as the system crosses over from two to three dimensions and the phase transition extends from strictly zero temperature in two dimensions up to finite temperature as expected in SrCu_2(BO_3)_2.Using quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we map out the phase boundaries of the plaquette-singlet and antiferromagnetic phases, with particular focus on the triple point where these two ordered phases meet the paramagnetic phase for given strength of the inter-layer coupling. All transitions are first-order in the neighborhood of the triple point. We show that the emergent O(4) symmetry of the coexistence state breaks down clearly when the interlayer coupling becomes sufficiently large, but for a weak coupling, of the magnitude expected experimentally, the enlarged symmetry can still be observed at the triple point up to significant length scales. Thus, it is likely that the plaquette-singlet to antiferromagnetic transition in SrCu_2(BO_3)_2 exhibits remnants of emergent O(4) symmetry, which should be observable due to additional weakly gapped Goldstone modes.     

Re-study of Nucleon Pole Contribution in J/

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Incompressibility of strange matter

Strange stars (ReSS) calculated from a realistic equation of state (EOS), that incorporate chiral symmetry restoration as well as deconfinement at high density [Phys. Lett. B 438 (1998) 123; Phys. Lett. B 447 (1999) 352, Addendum; Phys. Lett. B 467 (1999) 303, Erratum; Indian J. Phys. B 73 (1999) 377] show compact objects in the mass radius curve. We compare our calculations of incompressibility for this EOS with that of nuclear matter. One of the nuclear matter EOS has a continuous transition to ud-matter at about five times normal density. Another nuclear matter EOS incorporates density dependent coupling constants. From a look at the consequent velocity of sound, it is found that the transition to ud-matter seems necessary.     

Sigma Terms and Strangeness Contents of Baryon Octet in Modified Chiral Perturbation Theory

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Study of Strange Quark Mass in CFL Phase

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A correction to the Hamiltonian of the QCD string with quarks due to the rigidity term

The correction to the Hamiltonian of a quark-antiquark system due to the rigidity term in the action of the gluodynamics string is found using the action obtained by D. V. Antonov et al., Mod. Phys. Lett. A 11, 1905 (1996) with the Hamiltonian obtained by A. Yu. Dubin et al., Phys. At. Nucl. 56, 1745 (1993); Phys. Lett. B 323, 41 (1994) and E. L. Gubankova and A. Yu. Dubin, Phys. Lett. B 334, 180 (1994); preprint ITEP 62-94. This correction contains additional contributions to the orbital momentum of the system and several higher derivative operators. The resulting Hamiltonian is used to evaluate the rigid-string-induced term in the Hamiltonian of the relativistic quark model for the case of large masses of the quark and antiquark. Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 65, No. 9, 673–678 (10 May 1997) Published in English in the original Russian journal. Edited by Steve Torstveit.     

Pair-Breaking Critical Current Density of Two-Band Superconductor MgB2

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On the geometry and homology of certain simple stratified varieties

We study certain mild degenerations of algebraic varieties which appear in the analysis of a large class of supersymmetric theories, including superstring theory. We analyze Witten’s σ-model [Nucl. Phys. B 403 (1993) 159] and find that the non-transversality of the superpotential induces additional singularities and a stratification of the ground state variety. This stratified variety admits certain homology groups such that ⊕_qH^2q satisfies the “Kähler package” of requirements [Ann. Math. Studies 102 (1982) 303]. Also, this ⊕_qH^2q extends the “flopped” pair of small resolutions [Nucl. Phys. B 416 (1994) 414; Nucl. Phys. B 330 (1990) 49; Commun. Math. Phys. 119 (1988) 431] to an “(exo)flopped” triple, and is compatible with both mirror symmetry [S.-T. Yau (Ed.), Mirror Manifolds, International Press, Hong Kong, 1990; B. Greene, S.-T. Yau (Eds.), Mirror Manifolds II, International Press, Hong Kong, 1996] and string theory [Mod. Phys. Lett. A 12 (1997) 521; Nucl. Phys. B 451 (1995) 96] results. Finally, we revisit the conifold transition [Nucl. Phys. B 330 (1990) 49] as it applies in our formalism.     

Dynamics of Two-Photon Lasers with

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Magnetic phase transitions in PrCo2Si2

Magnetic phases in PrCo₂Si₂ have been studied by measurements of magnetization, neutron diffraction and electrical resistivity. For <9 K, the magnetic structure with a propagation vector k = (0,0,1) [2π/c] is stable. Incommensurate structures k = (0,0,0.926) and (0,0,0.777) appear for 9 K < T <17 K and 17 K < T <30 K, respectively.     

Small instantons in string theory

A long-standing puzzle about the heterotic string has been what happens when an instanton shrinks to zero size. It is argued here that the answer at the quantum level is that an extra SU(2) gauge symmetry appears that is supported in the core of the instanton. Thus in particular the quantum heterotic string has vacua with higher rank than is possible in conformal field theory. When k instantons collapse at the same point, the enhanced gauge symmetry is Sp(k). These results, which can be tested by comparison to Dirichlet five-branes of Type I superstrings and to the ADHM construction of instantons, give the first example for the heterotic string of a non-perturbative phenomenon that cannot be turned off by making the coupling smaller. They have applications to several interesting puzzles about string duality.     

PHASE TRANSITION FOR A NOISE-DRIVEN MODEL COUPLED BY A MEAN FIELD

We report a new model for infinite interacting noise driven subsystems which are coupled by a mean field and study its nonequilibrium phase transitions. In this model, under some circumstances the phase transition is between the state with zero mean field and the state with non zero mean field, and has a breaking of symmetry, which is similar to that reported by Van den Broeck, Parrondo, Toral, and Armcro [Phys. Rev. Lett.,73(1994),3395; Phys. Rev., E49(1994),2639], by Pikovsky, Rateitschak, and Kurths [Z.Phys.,B95(1994),541], and by other authors. We style this nonequi librium phase transition the symmetry breaking mean field. However, under other circumstances, the nonequilibrium phase transition of our model is not of the symme try breaking mean field type, which is a new phenomenon that has not been reported before.     

Angular Distributions for

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Comment on Radiative transfer over small distances from a heated metal

We show that there is no contradiction between the results presented by Pan [Opt. Lett. 25, 369 (2000)] and the 1/L(2) dependence of the radiative energy flux between two half-spaces separated by a small vacuum gap of width L obtained by Polder and Van Hove [Phys. Rev. B 4, 3303 (1971)] and by Loomis and Maris [Phys. Rev. B 50, 18517 (1994)].     

Wilson loops in the light of spin networks

If G is any finite product of compact orthogonal, unitary and symplectic matrix groups, then Wilson loops generate a dense subalgebra of continuous observables on the configuration space of lattice gauge theory with structure group G. If G is orthogonal, unitary or symplectic, then Wilson loops associated to the natural representation of G are enough.

This extends a result of Sengupta [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 1221 (3) (1994) 897] and earlier work by Durhuus [Lett. Math. Phys. 4 (6) (1980) 515]. In particular, our approach includes the cases of even orthogonal and symplectic groups.     

Equilibrium and stationary nonequilibrium states in a chain of colliding harmonic oscillators

Equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of a chain of colliding harmonic oscillators (ding-dong model) are investigated. Our chain is modeled as harmonically bounded particles that can only interact with neighboring particles by hard-core interaction. Between the collisions, particles are just independent harmonic oscillators. We are especially interested in the stationary nonequilibrium state of the ding-dong model coupled with two stochastic heat reservoirs (not thermostated) at the ends, whose temperature is different. We check the Gallavotti-Cohen fluctuation theorem [G. Gallavoti and E. G. D. Cohen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2694 (1995)] and also the Evans-Searles identity [D. Evans and D. Searles, Phys. Rev. E. 50, 1994 (1994)] numerically. It is verified that the former theorem is satisfied for this system, although the system is not a thermostated system.     

基于六粒子纠缠态和Bell态测量的量子信息分离

通过介绍六粒子纠缠态的新应用研究,提出了一个二粒子任意态的信息分离方案.在这个方案中,发送者Alice、控制者Charlie和接受者Bob共享一个六粒子纠缠态,发送者先执行两次Bell基测量|然后控制者执行一次Bell基测量|最后接受者根据发送者和控制者的测量结果,对自己拥有的粒子做适当的幺正变换,从而能够重建要发送的二粒子任意态.这个信息分离方案是决定性的,即成功概率为100%.与使用相同的量子信道进行二粒子任意态的信息分离方案相比,本文提出的方案只需要进行Bell基测量而不需要执行多粒子的联合测量,从而使得这个方案更简单、更容易,并且在目前的实验室技术条件下是能够实现的.