儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫成功率监测结果分析

通过对广东医学院第二附属医院辖区海滨管区2003-01-01至2005-12-31出生的儿童559人免疫后检测其乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs),了解乙型肝炎疫苗(HepB)免疫成功率。结果表明,免疫成功率为84.26%,比2002年广东省调查儿童免疫后抗-HBs阳转率(62.18%)明显提高。提示HepB有较好的免疫效果,因此提高新生儿的HepB全程接种率和HepB第1针及时接种率,是控制乙肝的关键。     

乙型肝炎疫苗预防效果探讨

目的分析研究乙型肝炎疫苗预防效果。方法选取2013年4月—2014年4月中山市三乡医院收治的220例儿童作为研究对象,220例对象全部以经过乙型肝炎疫苗接种,随机分为观察组、对照组,对照组儿童没有给予增强乙型肝炎疫苗接种,观察组儿童则在乙肝疫苗接种的基础之上给予加强乙型肝炎疫苗接种,对两组儿童乙型肝炎疫苗的预防效果进行对比。结果观察组儿童的抗-HBs阳性率和抗-HBc阳性率显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组儿童的HBs Ag阳性率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论乙肝疫苗预防接种免疫人群效果良好,增强乙肝疫苗接种可以有效降低大规模疫苗接种当中不可预知因素对其预防效果的影响,进而使乙肝疫苗预防性接种效果明显提高。     

产前宫内缺氧并新生儿心肌受损临床研究

目的研究分析产前宫内缺氧并心肌受损新生儿的血清心肌酶水平与心电图动态变化。方法选择广东省英德市妇幼保健院收治产前宫内缺氧窒息的130例患儿为实验组,其中将伴有心肌损伤患儿设为实验1组(n=75),将不伴有心肌损伤的患儿设为实验2组(n=55),同时选择同期出生的60例健康新生儿为对照组,监测分析不同时间段的心电图变化以及心肌酶水平。结果实验1组与对照组比较差异有统计意义(P0.05)。对照组未出现心电图改变,而实验1组与实验2组均出现心电图变化(ST段偏移、心动过速与心动过缓等),其中实验1组1例出现房性期前收缩,2例出现Q-T间期延长;实验2组1例出现房性期前收缩,1例出现Q-T间期延长。结论与健康新生儿比较,产前宫内缺氧并心肌受损新生儿的血清心肌酶水平与心电图异常率显著升高。     

宫颈环形电切术联合纳米银凝胶应用于慢性宫颈炎的临床探讨

目的分析宫颈环形电切术联合纳米银凝胶应用于慢性宫颈炎的临床疗效。方法选择2014年10月至2015年10月在上栗县长平卫生院接受治疗的122例慢性宫颈炎患者作为研究对象。将122例患者随机分为常规组和实验组。常规组使用宫颈环形电切术进行治疗;实验组使用宫颈环形电切术联合纳米银凝胶进行治疗。对比两组患者的治疗效果以及阴道感染率及出血率。结果两组患者经过不同的治疗之后实验组患者的治疗总有效率(100.0%)显著高于常规组治疗总有效率(80.3%),数据差异显著,具备统计学意义(P0.05);实验组患者的阴道感染率(1.64%)及出血率(3.28%)分别明显低于常规组的阴道感染率(13.11%)与出血率(18.03%),两组数据差异显著,具备统计学意义(P0.05)。结论宫颈环形电切术联合纳米银凝胶应用于慢性宫颈炎的临床疗效显著,纳米银凝胶能够极大程度地帮助患者减少阴道出血、阴道感染的情况发生,能够很好地弥补宫颈环形电切术的不足,能够极大程度提升患者治疗效果,是慢性宫颈炎的理想治疗方式,值得临床推广。     

4253例乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物定性结果模式分析

为适应乙肝两对半模式的变化,更准确地进行乙肝诊断,对4 253例乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物(HBVM)的结果模式特征进行了分析。采用ELISA法检测乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物(1-HBsAg、2-抗HBs、3-HBeAg、4-抗HBe、5-抗HBc)。结果表明,ELISA检测HBVM共得到18种模式,其中"全部阴性"占18.3%;"1、4、5阳性"比例最高占23.5%;"1、3、5阳性"占18.1%;"2阳性"占15.1%;"1、5阳性"占12.1%;"2、4、5阳性"占4.3%;"4、5阳性"占2.1%;"2、5阳性"占2.6%;"5阳性"占2.1%;其它特殊模式所占比例相对较低。     

CO_2加氢制甲醇用高活性和高选择性催化剂的研制

研制了一种CO2加氢制甲醇用高活性和高选择性催化剂Cu-ZnO-Al2O3(简记为RK-11),测定了其催化性能.结果表明,当原料气组成(体积分数)为68.5%H2、2.0%CO、20.5%CO2、9.0%N2,温度为240℃,气体时空速度GHSV=6 000h-1,压力为8.0MPa时,CO2转化率达35.2%,CO转化率达39.8%,甲醇的时空产率达686.1g/(L·h),而甲醇在产物中的选择性达99.3%.     

一种咪唑啉结构疏水缔合聚合物合成与溶液性质

通过自由基胶束共聚法,在氧化还原引发体系下以丙烯酰胺(AM),丙烯酸钠(Na AA),二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)及1-(2-N-烯丙基氨乙基)-2-油酸基咪唑啉(NIPA)共聚合成了一种含咪唑啉结构的缔合聚合物。考察了单体配比、p H及引发剂浓度等条件对聚合反应的影响。通过FT-IR、1H NMR分析对聚合物进行了结构表征。实验发现:该聚合物具有较好的耐温性、抗剪切及抗盐性能(120oC:其粘度保留率达28.12%;1000 s-1:其粘度保留率达16.74%;16000 mg/L的Na Cl:粘度保留率为25.99%;2600 mg/L1的Mg Cl2:粘度保留率为22.48%;2600 mg/L的Ca Cl2:粘度保留率为18.10%)。在室内模拟岩芯驱替实验中,该聚合物可提高采收率16.65%。     

高危儿在顺产与剖腹产中娩出时产生糖代谢紊乱的研究分析

目的分析高危儿在顺产与剖腹产中娩出时血糖的特点,探讨防治糖代谢紊乱路径。方法选取2013年12月至2014年6月于广东省连州市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心产科娩出的85例高危儿为研究对象,按娩出方式分为剖腹产组43例,顺产组42例,应用罗氏血糖检测仪分析高危儿娩出后血糖水平(全血血糖低于2.2 mmol/L诊断为低血糖,全血血糖高于7.0 mmol/L诊断为高血糖),并针对血糖异常制定糖代谢紊乱预防方案,比较两组出生后24 h内的血糖水平。结果顺产组糖代谢紊乱率11.9%显著低于剖腹产组30.2%(P0.05);娩出时剖腹产新生儿脐血的血糖(2.14±0.37)mmol/L明显低于顺产组(2.63±0.59)mmol/L(P0.05),出生后24 h内剖腹产组血糖水平与顺产组比较无显著差异(P0.05)。结论剖宫产高危儿较容易发生血糖异常,出现糖代谢紊乱,故在高危儿出生后应及时监测血糖变化,并采取措施防治血糖异常引起的糖代谢紊乱。     

聚醚砜/纤维素晶体共混膜材料及其超滤性能

聚醚砜与纤维素晶体等共混成铸膜液,采用浸没沉淀相转化法制备聚醚砜/纤维素晶体共混膜材料.通过超滤装置检测复合膜的水通量、截留率、平均孔径、孔隙率、抗污染性等超滤性能,从而讨论了纤维素晶体含量对共混膜超滤性能的影响.采用抗张测试机、热重分析仪(TGA)、原子力显微镜(AFM)对共混膜的力学性能、热稳定性能、形貌结构进行表征.结果表明,随着纤维素晶体的含量的增加,共混膜的纯水通量先升高后有所降低,截留率均保持在91%～95%,抗张强度、断裂伸长率先增大后有所下降,抗污染性较纯聚醚砜膜显著提高.当纤维素晶体质量分数为1%时,纯水通量达到最大为813.3L·m-2·h-1,孔隙率为88.8%,平均孔径达为70.9nm,抗张强度为7.25MPa,断裂伸长率为11.6%,平均污染度FR值为22.0%,衰减系数m值为35.8%.共混膜具有由纤维素晶体、聚醚砜热降解分别引起的两个失重阶段.共混膜为典型非对称膜结构,表皮层较为致密,多孔支撑层孔径较大.     

牡荆提取物对亚硝化反应的抑制作用研究

采用正交试验法设计了从牡荆中提取活性物质的实验条件,研究其对亚硝化反应的抑制作用及对亚硝酸钠的清除作用。在体外模拟人胃液的条件下,用紫外-可见分光光度法测定了牡荆提取物对N-二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)体外合成的阻断作用及对亚硝酸钠的清除作用。结果表明:从牡荆中提取抗亚硝化反应活性物质的最佳条件是:料液比为1∶20,在80℃下用55%的甲醇水浴回流提取2 h。此提取物具有较高的阻断亚硝胺合成及清除亚硝酸钠的效果。其对亚硝胺合成的最大阻断率为88.24%,对亚硝酸钠的最大清除率为94.29%。     

HEPT类化合物的QSAR研究

为定量结构／活性相关性研究提取了量子化学参数,拓扑指数Am,分子连接性指数^mxt及疏水性常数,同时应用正交变换和最佳变量子集算法（Leaps-and-Bonds)进行了变量压缩和选择,进而实施了多元回归分析,并由此结果进行了HEPT类化合物（1－[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)-thymine derivatives)的结构／活性关系的理论解释,进行了人工神经网络法对于该类化合物的活性预测,其结构明显好于多元回归法。     

Effect of the pH of the medium on the chemical shifts in the PMR spectra and on the distribution of the π-electron density

The dependence of the chemical shifts of the ring protons on the pH of the medium for a number of 4-hydroxyquinoline derivatives was studied by means of PMR spectroscopy. The dipolar and uncharged hydroxy forms exist in equilibrium in aqueous solutions. The effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding on the character of the dependence of the chemical shift on the pH of the medium in the case of 3-piperidinomethyl-4-hydroxyisoquinoline was investigated. The possibility of the separate protonation of the ring nitrogen and the side-chain nitrogen in 3-piperidinomethyl-4-hydroxyisoquinoline was established. The distribution of the -electron density in 4-hydroxyisoquinoline is in good agreement with its chemical behavior.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1546–1549, November, 1971     

Effect of the pH of the medium on the chemical shifts in the PMR spectra and on the distribution of the π-electron density

The dependence of the chemical shift of the ring protons on the pH of the medium for a number of 3-hydroxyquinoline derivatives was studied by PMR spectroscopy. The regions of ionization of the molecules, which correspond to the ranges of acidic, neutral, and alkaline media, were found. In D₂O, 3-hydroxyquinoline is present only in the uncharged hydroxy form. The presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in 4-dimethylaminomethyl-3-hydroxyquinoline has a substantial effect on the character of the dependence of the chemical shift on the pH of the medium; the existence of separate protonation of the nitrogen atoms of the ring and the side chain of 4-dimethylaminomethyl-3-hydroxyquinoline was established. The distribution of the -electron density in the 3-hydroxyquinoline molecule is in good agreement with its chemical behavior during electrophilic substitution.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1540–1545, November, 1971.     

液滴荧光传感与计算机联用技术在微量分析中的应用

通过在LS55型荧光-磷光-发光分光光度计上加装液滴产生及调节附件,采用计算机采集与分析处理数据,成功地研制了双通道液滴光化学传感装置.利用葡聚糖凝胶对复合维生素B中不同组分的选择性吸附来达到分离与同时检测的目的,并将其用于复合维生素B药片的分析,取得了满意的结果.     

On the theory underlying the Car-Parrinello method and the role of the fictitious mass parameter

The theory underlying the Car-Parrinello extended-Lagrangian approach to ab initio molecular dynamics (CPMD) is reviewed and reexamined using "heavy" ice as a test system. It is emphasized that the adiabatic decoupling in CPMD is not a decoupling of electronic orbitals from the ions but only a decoupling of a subset of the orbital vibrational modes from the rest of the necessarily coupled system of orbitals and ions. Recent work [J. Chem. Phys. 116, 14 (2002)] has pointed out that, due to the orbital-ion coupling that remains once adiabatic decoupling has been achieved, a large value of the fictitious mass mu can lead to systematic errors in the computed forces in CPMD. These errors are further investigated in the present work with a focus on those parts of these errors that are not corrected simply by rescaling the masses of the ions. It is suggested that any comparison of the efficiencies of Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) and CPMD should be performed at a similar level of accuracy. If accuracy is judged according to the average magnitude of the systematic errors in the computed forces, the efficiency of BOMD compares more favorably to that of CPMD than previous comparisons have suggested.     

From the Micro- to the Macro-: Managing the Conservation of the Warship,Vasa

Sweden's famous warship, Vasa, sank on her maiden voyage in August 1628, and remained on the bottom of Stockholm harbour for 333 years. Raised in 1961, she became the first large-scale wooden object to be treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). In the summer of 2000 a number of acidic salt precipitations were noticed on the surface of the ship and on wooden artefacts in the storerooms. An international research project has been established to look into the causes of this problem and suggest possible re-treatments. Meanwhile projects are underway to monitor movements in the ship, to build a better support system, and to replace the thousands of iron bolts holding the structure together, while a sophisticated new climate system has recently been installed in the museum.