Flavone C-glycosides from Trichuriella monsoniae (L.f.) Bennet

In the first phytochemical investigation of Trichuriella monsoniae, three known flavonoidal C-glycosides, isoswertisin 1, 2″-O-β-d-galactosyl isoswertisin 2 and 2″-O-β-d-xylosyl isoswertisin 3 were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic studies including 2D NMR and HRMS, and the structure of 2 was supported by single crystal X-ray data studies. Further, NMR assignments for 3 are being reported for the first time.     

Two new steroidal glucosides from Ophiopogon.japonicus （L.f.） Ker-Gawl

Two new steroidal glucosides, 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl （25S）-furost-5-ene-1β,3β,22α,26-tetraol l-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl- （1 → 3）-[α-h-rhamnopyranosyl-（1 → 2）]-[β-D-fueopyranoside and （25R） spirost-5-ene-3β,14α-diol-3-β-O-β-L-rhanmopyranosyl- （1 → 2）-[β-D-xylopyranosyl（1 → 4）]-[-β-D-glucopyranoside, were isolated from the Ophiopogon japonicus （L.f.） Ker-Gaw. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.     

环境修复植物黑藻的化学成分

环境修复植物黑藻的化学成分;黑藻;羟基豆甾烯酮;十八酸     

Wound Healing,Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau and Strobilanthes crispus (L.) Blume Extracts

Clinacanthus nutans is known to be an anticancer and antiviral agent, and Strobilanthes crispus has proven to be an antidiuretic and antidiabetic agent. However, there is a high possibility that these plants possess multiple beneficial properties, such as antimicrobial and wound healing properties. This study aims to assess the wound healing, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of Clinacanthus nutans and Strobilanthes crispus. The Clinacanthus nutans and Strobilanthes crispus leaves were dried, ground, and extracted with ethanol, acetone, and chloroform through cold maceration. In a modified scratch assay with co-incubation of skin fibroblast and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Clinacanthus nutans and Strobilanthes crispus extracts were assessed for their wound healing potential, and the antimicrobial activities of Clinacanthus nutans and Strobilanthes crispus extracts were performed on a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on Mueller–Hinton agar based on a disc diffusion assay. To assess for antioxidant potential, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenolic and total flavonoid assays were conducted. In the modified scratch assay, Clinacanthus nutans extracts aided in the wound healing activity while in the presence of MRSA, and Strobilanthes crispus extracts were superior in antimicrobial and wound healing activities. In addition, Strobilanthes crispus extracts were superior to Clinacanthus nutans extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Mueller–Hinton agar. Acetone-extracted Clinacanthus nutans contained the highest level of antioxidant in comparison with other Clinacanthus nutans extracts.     

Chemical Composition of Leaves,Stem, and Roots of Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth

Peperomia pellucida is a species known in the Amazon as “erva-de-jabuti” that has been used in several therapeutic applications based on folk medicine. Herein, we describe the classes, subclasses, and the main compounds of the leaves, stems, and roots from P. pellucida by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry associated with molecular networks, mirror plot on the GNPS library, and machine learning. These data show compounds that were annotated for the first time in the Peperomia genus, such as 2′,4′,5′-trihydroxybutyrophenonevelutin, dehydroretrofractamide C, and retrofractamide B.     

Phytochemical Characterization of Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) Roots and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential

Matricaria recutita L., German chamomile, is one of the most widely used medicinal plants, whose efficacy has been proven in numerous studies. However, its roots have attracted only little interest so far, since mainly above-ground plant parts are used for medicinal purposes. To broaden the knowledge of chamomile roots, a profound phytochemical characterization was performed along with a bioactivity screening of corresponding root extracts. While volatile constituents such as chamomillol and polyynes were detected using GC-MS, HPLC-MSⁿ analyses revealed the occurrence of four coumarin glycosides, more than ten phenolic acid esters and five glyceroglycolipids. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated. Polar extracts revealed IC₅₀ values ranging from 13 to 57 µg/mL in the DPPH radical scavenging assay, which is in the same range as reported for chamomile flower extracts. In addition, superoxide radical scavenging potential and mild antibacterial effects against S. aureus und B. subtilis were demonstrated. Moreover, to assess interspecies variation in chamomile roots, extracts of M. recutita were compared to those of M. discoidea DC. Interestingly, the latter revealed stronger antioxidant activity. The presented results aim at the valorization of chamomile roots, previously discarded as by-product of chamomile flower production, as a sustainable source of bioactive phytochemicals.     

Two New Chemical Constituents of Veratrum dahuricum (Turcz.) Loes. f.

Two new chemical constituents, one new steroid, neoveratrenone ( 1 ), and one new glycerol ester, 1‐[11‐(ferulyloxy)undecanoyl)]glycerol ( 2 ), were isolated and characterized from the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum dahuricum (Turcz .) Loes . f., together with five known compounds, i.e., hexacosanoic acid 2,3‐dihydroxypropyl ester ( 3 ), syringaresinol ( 4 ), prosapogenin A of dioscin ( 5 ), verapatulin ( 6 ), and oxyresveratrol ( 7 ). Their structures were established by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data as well as by comparison with literature reports. The compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against three tumor cell lines of HepG‐2, HeLa, and K562/S.     

Two Novel Sesquiterpenoids from the Roots of Ferula ferulaeoides (Steud.) Korov.

Two new sesquiterpenoids, ferulactones A and B ( 1 and 2 , resp.), have been isolated from the roots of Ferula ferulaeoides (Steud.) Korov . Their structures and relative configurations were established by analysis of spectroscopic data. Their absolute configuration was assigned by application of the CD technique.     

紫苏叶与白苏叶的总黄酮和微量元素的比较分析

为比较分析紫苏叶与白苏叶的总黄酮和微量元素的含量差异,用可见分光光度法测定了两者总黄酮的含量,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES法)测定了两者微量元素的含量。结果表明,测得紫苏叶与白苏叶中总黄酮的含量分别为7.49%和5.69%,两者均含有Cu、Mn、Zn、Fe等多种微量元素,但含量存在一定的差异。白苏作为紫苏的同种植物资源,有待进一步的开发和利用。     

射干的毛细管电泳指纹图谱研究

采用毛细管区带电泳法,以80 mmol/L硼酸-15 mmol/L硼砂缓冲液(用氢氧化钾溶液调pH 9.7)为背景电解质,运行电压12.1 kV,检测波长228 nm,重力进样10 s(高度7 cm),建立了射干药材的毛细管电泳指纹图谱(CEFP)。标定CE指纹峰为21个,方法的精密度和重现性较好,相对迁移时间的相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于3.5%, 相对峰面积的RSD约为5.0%,10个产地样品的CEFP与标准CEFP的相似度为0.913～0.993。同时,对指纹图谱中各指纹峰确立的方法和各组分含量情况     

大叶金花草中碱溶性多糖提取工艺的研究

蕨类多糖复合物具有多种生理活性和药理活性,如抗肿瘤、免疫促进、抗凝血、抗补体、抗溃疡、抗炎、抗病毒和降血糖等[1]。目前对蕨类植物多糖的研究较少,主要有紫萁多糖[2,3]、芒萁多糖[4]、半边旗多糖[5]、毛叶蕨多糖[6]、海金沙多糖[7]等。大叶金花草是鳞始蕨科植物乌蕨(Sten     

Identification of p-Coumaric Acid and Ethyl p-Coumarate as the Main Phenolic Components of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Roots

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) contains a variety of secondary metabolites, including cannabinoids, such as psychoactive (−)-trans-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol. The present study was conducted to identify the major phenolic components contained in hemp root, which has been relatively under-researched compared to other parts of hemp. The aqueous ethanol extract of hemp roots was fractionated into methylene chloride (MC), ethyl acetate (EA), and water (WT) fractions, and high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis was performed. The main ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing phenolic compound contained in the EA fraction was identified as p-coumaric acid by comparing the retention time and UV absorption spectrum with a standard. Silica gel column chromatography was performed to isolate a hydrophobic derivative of p-coumaric acid contained in the MC fraction. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis identified the isolated compound as ethyl p-coumarate. For comparative purposes, ethyl p-coumarate was also chemically synthesized by the esterification reaction of p-coumaric acid. The content of p-coumaric acid and ethyl p-coumarate in the total extract of hemp root was estimated to be 2.61 mg g⁻¹ and 6.47 mg g⁻¹, respectively, by HPLC-DAD analysis. These values correspond to 84 mg Kg⁻¹ dry root and 216 mg Kg⁻¹ dry root, respectively. In conclusion, this study identified p-coumaric acid and ethyl p-coumarate as the main phenolic compounds contained in the hemp roots.     

Two New Abietane Diterpenoids from the Roots of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f.

Two new abietane‐type diterpenoids, named triptobenzene R ( 1 ) and triptobenzene S ( 2 ), together with three known abietane‐type diterpenoids, triptophenolide ( 3 ), triptonodiol ( 4 ), and triptonoterpene methyl ether ( 5 ), were isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook . f. Their structures and relative configurations were established by detailed spectral studies, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR (HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), and HR‐ESI‐TOF‐MS, and by comparison with published data. Their absolute configurations were assigned by the CD technique, applied for the first time to abietane diterpenes from Tripterygium wilfordii. Compound 2 is the first abietane‐type norditerpenoid isolated from the genus Tripterygium.     

Comparative chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi subsp. glandulosa (Req.) Nyman and Calamintha grandiflora (L.) Moench (Labiatae)

The two studied Calamintha species showed different polyphenolic content and sterol composition. Calamintha grandiflora possessed twice the polyphenolic content of Calamintha nepeta subsp. glandulosa, while the latter contained a higher number of sterols. Among them, stigmast-5-en-3β-ol was found to be the major constituent. The methanolic extract of C. grandiflora was more potent than the C. nepeta subsp. glandulosa methanolic extract in a DPPH assay, while the activity of the C. grandiflora EtOAc fraction was weaker than its C. nepeta subsp. glandulosa counterpart. Fractions of C. nepeta subsp. glandulosa showed higher activity using a β-carotene bleaching test. The petrol ether fraction of C. grandiflora showed significant inhibition of NO production.     

Essential oil yield and quality of methyl eugenol rich Ocimum tenuiflorum L.f. (syn. O. sanctum L.) grown in south India as influenced by method of harvest

A field experiment carried out during 2001--2002 under semi-arid conditions of Hyderabad, India investigated the effect of three different methods of harvesting at full bloom stage, on essential oil yield and quality of methyl eugenol rich sacred/holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.f.; Lamiaceae). The harvest methods were: harvesting of primary branches, secondary branches and shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground level. Four harvests at 102, 192, 287 and 360 days after transplanting of the crop were taken in 1 year in each method of harvest. Harvesting of secondary branches led to maximum plant height and number of secondary branches per plant compared to harvesting of primary branches or shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground during second, third and fourth harvests. On the contrary, secondary branch harvest gave least biomass yield in all the four harvests. But due to higher essential oil content, secondary branch harvest gave 25.2 and 15.4% higher total (sum total of all four harvests) essential oil yield (kg/ha per year) over primary branches and shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground methods of harvesting, respectively. A similar treatment difference was observed in respect of oil composition studied in the first harvest. Harvesting shoot biomass at 30 cm above ground produced oil containing highest amount of methyl eugenol. The content of methyl eugenol decreased in the order of shoot biomass cut at 30 cm above ground > primary branch > secondary branch treatments. A reverse trend was observed, however, in respect of (E)-cinnamyl acetate, eugenol and beta-elemene constituents of the oil. Little variability was, however, observed among the treatments in respect of 24 other constituents of the oils.     

Beneficial Effects of Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) and Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) Extract on Rat Health

Polyphenols of Laurel and Myrtle exhibit structural diversity, which affects bioavailability, metabolism, and bioactivity. The gut microbiota plays a key role in modulating the production, bioavailability and, thus the biological activities of phenolic metabolites, particularly after the intake of food containing high-molecular-weight polyphenols. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the polyphenolic components of Laurel and Myrtle aqueous extract have beneficial effects on rat health. The growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), β-glucuronidase, β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase activity, pH value, body weight change and food efficacy ratio after intragastric treatment of rats with Laurel and Myrtle extract at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg for two weeks were investigated. The endogenous populations of colonic probiotic bacteria (Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria) were counted on selective media. According to the obtained data, Laurel extract in the applied dose of 50 and 100 and Myrtle extract (100 mg/kg) positively affects the rats health by increasing the number of colonies of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria compared to the control group, causes changes in glycolytic enzymatic activity and minor change in antioxidative tissue activity. In addition, high doses of Laurel increase food efficiency ratio, while Myrtle has the same effect at a lower dose.     

Two New Isobutyltartrate Monoesters from Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartm. var. bracteatum (Willd.) Richter

Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartm. var. bracteatum (Willd.) Richter is a plant of the Orchidaceae family, distributed in the Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Qinghai provinces of China1. Its dried rhizomes have been used as a tonic in chinese folk medicine2. No chemical constituent is reported from this plant. The present paper deals with the isolation and structural elucidation of two new isobutyltartrate monoesters, named coelovirin A 1 and B 2. The ethanolic extract of the air-drie…     

Sesquiterpene-rich volatile constituents of Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker-Gawl.

The hydro-distilled essential oil from flowering aerial parts of Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker-Gawl. (Convolvulaceae) was investigated by using gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionisation detector GC-FID and gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Forty-two components, representing 97.1% of the total oil, were identified. The major constituents of the essential oil were α-bulnesene (23.8%), α-humulene (13.7%) and seychellene (11.2%). The other minor constituents were α-guaiene (8.3%), β-caryophyllene (7.1%), γ-terpinene (4.2%), hexadecanoic acid (3.0%) and β-elemene (2.7%). The oil was found to be rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbon type constituents (78.4%).     

蛇床子对土壤中七种金属元素选择性富集作用研究

采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法对十个产地的蛇床子及其植物根部土壤中的七种金属元素的含量进行了测定,通过比较对该植物对这七种金属元素的选择性富集作用进行了讨论。