Generation of Quantum States for Atomic Ensemble via Cavity QED

A scheme is proposed for generating quantum states of atomic ensemble. In this scheme, a beam of three-level atoms in the Λ configuration is trapped in a cavity, then squeezed vacuum state and squeezed coherent state of the atomic ensemble are prepared by choosing different initial states of the system. The scheme is based on the off-resonant interaction between the atom and cavities, so the high-level of the atom is eliminated adiabatically.     

通过Raman相互作用隐形传送未知多原子纠缠态

基于多粒子纠缠态在证明量子非定域性和量子信息处理方面的重要应用,提出一种方案隐形传送未知原子纠缠态.方案基于Λ型三能级原子与单模腔场的简并Raman相互作用.首先让n个原子相继通过一个相干腔场来制备量子通道.然后发送者让携带未知纠缠态的另n个原子相继通过相干腔场并通过对原子与腔场的探测作联合测量.当｜α｜1时,可以用探测正交态的方法探测腔场.最后接收者根据由经典通道得到的联合测量结果重构初始态.方案的特点是用一个相干态与多个原子的纠缠态作为量子通道,简单易行.该方案有望在证明量子非定域性和量子信息过程中有重要的应用价值.     

通过Raman相互作用制备三个腔场的W型纠缠相干态

通过对比分立变量量子信息过程和连续变量量子信息过程的差别,利用相干态比较容易获得的这个特点,提出一种方案制备三个腔场的W型纠缠相干态.方案基于Λ型三能级原子与单模腔场的简并Raman 相互作用.三个相同的腔初始分别处于相干态,三个相同的原子初始处于W型纠缠态,通过三个原子分别与三个腔的Raman相互作用、选择适当的相互作用时间并探测作用后的三个原子,三个腔场坍缩为W型纠缠相干态.在原子与腔的相互作用过程中原子不处于高能级,可以忽略原子的自发辐射,系统的相干性能够得到较好的维持.基于当前的腔量子电动力学技术,相信方案能在实验上实现.该方案制备的三个腔场W型纠缠相干态有望在连续变量量子信息过程中有重要的应用价值.文中将方案推广到制备n(n〉3)个腔场的W型纠缠相干态.     

High efficient scheme for remote state preparation with cavity QED

In this paper, a scheme is proposed for remote state preparation （RSP） with cavity quantum electrodynamics （QED）. In our scheme, two observers share two-atom nonmaximally entangled state as quantum channels and can realize remote preparation of state of an atom. We also propose a generalization for remote preparation of N-atom entangled state by （N＋1）-atom GHZ-like state （N ≥ 2）. By this scheme, one single-atom projective measurement is enough for the RSP of a qubit or N-atom entangled state, and the probability of success for RSP is unity. Furthermore, we have considered the case where observers use W-like state as quantum channels to realize RSP of a qubit. We compare our scheme with existing ones.     

利用大失谐Jaynes-Cummings模型实现原子的隐形传态

提出了一个未知原子的隐形传态方案,它是通过原子与腔场大失谐相互作用实现的.方案中,两原子缠结的EPR态作为联系发送者与接收者之间的量子信息通道,将欲传送的未知原子和EPR态中的一个原子依次注入到初始制备于相干态 |α>的腔场,然后分别对两原子和腔场进行联合测量,通过经典信息通道将测量结果传递给接收者.这样,接收者只要对EPR的另一个原子执行相应的幺正操作就能重构未知原子态.     

Strong-Driving-Assisted Probabilistic State Preparation in Cavity QED

An alternative scheme is proposed for preparing the superpositions of coherent states with controllable weighting factors along a straight line for a cavity field. The scheme is based on the interaction of a single-mode cavity field with a resonant two-level atom driven by a strong classical field. It is in contrast to the previous methods used in cavity QED of injecting a coherent state into a cavity via a microwave source. In the scheme, the interaction between the cavity mode and atoms is fully resonant, thus the required interaction time is greatly shortened. Moreover, the present scheme requires smaller numbers of operations. In view of decoherence, a reduction of interaction time and numbers of operations for the state preparation is very important for experimental implementation of quantum state engineering.     

Generation of quantum switch and nonlocal fields with an external field in a high quality dispersive cavity

We present a scheme to prepare an optical “quantum switch”, a superposition of “open” and “closed” states. The scheme is based on the interaction of an Λ-type three-level atom with a single-mode of quantized cavity field and an external classical driving field, in the regime where the atom and fields are highly detuned. We show how this interaction can be used to generate coherent states of the cavity field in contrast to the usual method used in microwave cavity QED of injecting a coherent state into a cavity. A combination of switches could be used to prepare a quantum superposition of coherent field states located simultaneously in two cavities. Compared with previous proposals, our scheme is simplified due to economizes the Ramsey zone and the time required for the state generation is short.     

Strong-Driving-Assisted Probabilistic State Preparation in Cavity QED

An alternative scheme is proposed for preparing the superpositions of coherent states with controllable weighting factors along a straight line for a cavity field. The scheme is based on the interaction of a single-mode cavity field with a resonant two-level atom driven by a strong classical field. It is in contrast to the previous methods used in cavity QED of injecting a coherent state into a cavity via a microwave source. In the scheme, the interaction between the cavity mode and atoms is fully resonant, thus the required interaction time is greatly shortened. Moreover, the present scheme requires smaller numbers of operations. In view of decoherence, a reduction of interaction time and numbers of operations for the state preparation is very important for experimental implementation of quantum state engineering.     

基于Tavis-Cummings模型实现非定域三原子系统量子特性的远程控制

运用全量子理论并结合数值计算方法,研究了三个二能级原子系统的量子特性。初始三原子处于W纠缠态,让其中的两原子A、B与相干态光腔场发生共振作用,经腔QED演化以后,对原子进行Bell基测量,通过调节相干态光场的强度和原子间的偶极相互作用,来控制腔外原子C的布居差演化;对相干态光场进行光子探测,通过改变探测到的光子数、相干光场参量和原子间偶极相互作用,来控制腔外原子C的偶极压缩,最终实现了远程操纵腔外原子非经典特性的目的。     

Scheme to Implement Optimal Symmetric 1→2 Universal Quantum Telecloning Through Cavity-Assisted Interaction

We propose a scheme to implement the optimal symmetric 1→2 universal quantum telecloning through cavity-assisted interaction. In our scheme, an arbitrary single atomic state can be telecloned to two single atomic states. And three atoms are trapped in three spatially separated cavities respectively. With a particular multiparticle entangled state acting as a quantum information channel and the trapped single atom acting as a quantum network node for its long-lived internal state, quantum information can be telecloned among nodes and can stored in the nodes.     

Implementation of quantum search scheme by adiabatic passage in a cavity--laser--atom system

This paper proposes a scheme for implementing the adiabatic quantum search algorithm of different marked items in an unsorted list of N items with atoms in a cavity driven by lasers. N identical three-level atoms are trapped in a single-mode cavity. Each atom is driven by a set of three pulsed laser fields. In each atom, the same level represents a database entry. Two of the atoms are marked differently. The marked atom has an energy gap between its two ground states. The two different marked states can be sought out respectively starting from an initial entangled state by controlling the ratio of three pulse amplitudes. Moreover, the mechanism, based on adiabatic passage, constitutes a decoherence-free method in the sense that spontaneous emission and cavity damping are avoided since the dynamics follows the dark state. Furthermore, this paper extends the algorithm with m (m>2) atoms marked in an ideal situation. Any different marked state can be sought out.     

Entangling distant atoms by interference of polarized photons

We propose a scheme to generate the entangled state of two Lambda-type three-level atoms trapped in distant cavities by using interference of polarized photons. Two possible spontaneous emission channels of each excited atom result in a coherent superposition of the states of two atoms. The subsequent detection of the different polarized photons reveals that both atoms are in different ground states, but an interference effect prevents us from distinguishing which atom is in which ground state; the atoms are thus entangled. In comparison with the original proposal of interference-induced entanglement [C. Cabrillo, J. Cirac, P. Garcia-Fernandez, and P. Zoller, Phys. Rev. A 59, 1025 (1999)]], in our scheme the weakly driven condition is not required, and the influence of atomic excitement and atomic recoil on the entanglement fidelity can be eliminated.     

利用腔QED实现量子态转移

利用两个二能级原子和用光纤联接的两个单模光腔构成的系统,给出了实现量子态转移的方案。该方案中两个二能级原子分别处于用光纤联接的单模腔中,并同时与光场发生共振相互作用。通过控制原子与光场的相互作用时间,实现量子态的转移。     

利用腔QED实现量子态转移

利用两个二能级原子和用光纤联接的两个单模光腔构成的系统,给出了实现量子态转移的方案。该方案中两个二能级原子分别处于用光纤联接的单模腔中,并同时与光场发生共振相互作用。通过控制原子与光场的相互作用时间,实现量子态的转移。     

利用V型三能级原子与相干态光场Raman相互作用传送未知原子态

描述了简并V型三能级原子与单模相干态光场的Raman相互作用,获得了处于激发态单态的原子与相干态光场相互作用的结果.利用探测原子与光场的相互作用将原子和光场制备成最大缠结态,并注入待测原子,通过原子与腔模构成的Bell基矢演化,对腔场进行选择性探测,获得探测原子相互作用后可能的量子状态,然后对待测原子与腔场进行联合探测,接着对探测原子的量子状态实施幺正变换,就将探测原子制备到待测原子的初始量子态上,从而实现未知原子态的隐形传送.     

Approximate and Conditional Teleportation of an Unknown Atomic State Without the Bell-state Measurement with Multi-photon Interaction

A scheme for approximately and conditionally teleporting an unknown atomic state via multi-photon interaction in cavity quantum electro dynamics (QED) is proposed. It is the extension of the scheme of Zheng (2004) [Physical Review A69, 064302], which is based on Jaynes–Cummings model in QED and where only a time point of system evolution and the corresponding Fidelity implementing the teleportation are given. In our scheme, the cavity field may be Fock state and the multi-photon interaction Jaynes–Cummings model is used to realize the approximate and conditional teleportation. Our scheme does not involve the Bell-state measurement and an additional atom, only requiring two atoms and one single-mode cavity. The fidelity of the scheme is higher than that of Zheng (2004) [Physical Review A69, 064302]. The scheme may be generalized to not only the teleportation of the state of a cavity mode to another mode by means of a single atom but also the teleportation of the state of a trapped ion. PACS: 03.67.-Ta, 03.65.Ta, 42.50.Dv     

Macroscopic quantum control of exact many-body coherent states

We demonstrate that the idea of quantum control can be generalized to construct the exact many-body coherent state (MBCS) in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of N atoms. Such a MBCS possesses the form of the single-particle coherent state, which does not deform in propagation and is stable for a repulsive BEC. The results suggest an experimental scheme for resonantly generating and coherently controlling the MBCSs.     

超冷单原子分子阵列

用光镊形成光阱囚禁单个原子、用激光将单个原子冷却到基态形成超冷原子、将超冷原子相干合成单个超冷分子、将单原子分子重排串成丰富多样的超冷单原子分子阵列,这就构成了精密相干可控的多粒子量子系统,为多种前沿科学研究与技术发展提供难得的量子平台.文章介绍近年来在单原子量子态高保真操控、异核原子量子纠缠、原子一分子耦合态相干控制...     

利用V型三能级原子与相干态光场Raman相互作用传送未知奇偶相干态

描述了简并V型三能级原子与单模相干态光场的Raman相互作用，获得了处于激发态单态的原子与相干态光场相互作用的结果。利用探测原子与光场的相互作用将原子和探测光场制备成最大纠缠态，并将原子注入待测任一奇偶相干叠加态，通过原子与待测腔模构成的Bell基矢演化，对原子进行选择性探测，获得奇偶相干叠加态与原子相互作用后可能的量子状态，然后对待测腔场与原子进行联合探测，接着对所测奇偶相干态腔场的量子状态实施么正变换，就将探测腔场制备到待测腔场的初始量子态上，从而实现未知奇偶相干态的隐形传送。     

利用破坏对称性的超导人造原子制备χ型四比特纠缠态

提出了利用在一维传输线共振器中的破坏对称性的超导人造原子来制备χ型四比特纠缠态的方案. 方案中所用到的Δ型三能级人造原子不同于自然的原子, 它可以产生循环跃迁. 经过适当时间的相互作用和简单的操作, 可以得到想要制备的纠缠态. 由于人造原子的激发态和光子态被绝热消除, 所以该方案对于人造原子的自发辐射和传输线共振器的衰减是鲁棒的.