Synthesis and characterization of new ferrocenyl bishydrazones

New ferrocenyl bishydrazones (2a–2d) have been efficiently obtained from 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxaldehyde by a straightforward synthesis. The four new compounds have been fully characterized by NMR (¹H, ¹³C), high-resolution mass spectroscopy, and the molecular structure of compounds (2a–2d) has been elucidated by X-ray diffraction on single crystals.     

Synthesis and nonlinear optical absorption properties of two new conjugated ferrocene-bridge-pyridinium compounds

Two electron donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) chromospheres, with ferrocene as the electron donor and pyridinium as the electron acceptor, were synthesized. The nonlinear optical absorption (NOA) properties in the solution state were investigated by the Z-scan technique. Both compounds exhibited reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and optical limiting effect under nanosecond pulse irradiation.     

Synthesis of ferrocenyl quinolines

A convenient one-pot synthesis of ferrocenyl-substituted quinolines via a molecular iodine-catalyzed reaction of ferrocenylimines with enolizable aldehydes is reported. First, nucleophilic addition of the in situ generated enol to ferrocenylimine produces β-anilinopropionaldehyde, which then undergoes intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction to give dihydroquinoline derivative. Finally, subsequent dehydration and aerobic oxidation affords ferrocenyl quinolines.     

二茂铁填充的双壁碳纳米管的合成与红外光谱表征

通过气相法将二茂铁填充到双壁碳纳米管的纳米空腔内部, 制备了一种新型纳米杂化材料——二茂铁-双壁碳纳米管. 对这种纳米材料进行了高分辨透射电子显微镜结构分析与傅立叶变换红外光谱表征. 红外光谱研究结果表明, 碳纳米管管壁与内部二茂铁之间存在强的电子相互作用,并伴有电子转移.     

Synthesis and properties of covalently linked thiaporphyrin-ferrocene conjugates

Four examples of ferrocene-thiaporphyrin conjugates in which the ferrocenyl group was covalently connected either directly at meso-position of thiaporphyrin or to meso-phenyl group of thiaporphyrin via ethyne bridge were prepared by coupling bromo- or iodo thiaporphyrin with α-ethynylferrocene under mild Pd(0) coupling conditions. NMR, absorption and electrochemical studies indicated that the thiaporphyrin and ferrocenyl units interact strongly in ethyne bridged porphyrin-ferrocene conjugates but the interaction is very weak in phenyl ethyne bridged porphyrin-ferrocene conjugates. The steady state fluorescence studies indicated that the fluorescence yields are reduced to 50% in phenyl ethyne conjugates but the fluorescence is completely quenched in ethyne bridged conjugates. The partial or complete quenching of porphyrin fluorescence in these conjugates is due to electron transfer from ferrocene unit to excited state of porphyrin sub-unit. Oxidation of ferrocene to ferrocenium ion with an oxidizing agent in ethyne bridged conjugates resulted in a recovery of porphyrin fluorescence.     

Synthesis and physico-analytical studies of some novel ferrocenyl Schiff base derivatives

A series of ferrocenyl Schiff base derivatives was synthesized by condensation reactions of 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxaldehyde and aromatic amines containing long chain alkyl groups as free ends which were characterized by their physical properties, elemental, FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR spectral and thermal analysis. The thermal behaviour of the synthesized compounds was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) which revealed that these compounds may exhibit mesomorphic properties. The DSC results of aromatic amines and ferrocenyl Schiff bases were compared to study the effects of structure, i.e. rigid core and terminal chain length, on the phase transition behaviour.     

Synthesis of new binuclear ferrocenyl compounds by hydrosilylation reactions

Ferrocenyl silanes are prepared by treatment of Grignard reagents produced from 4-chlorobutylferrocene derivatives and chlorodimethylsilane in THF. Butenylferrocenes are prepared by the elimination reaction of 4-chlorobutylalkylferrocenes by sodium tert-butoxide in DMSO. A hydrosilylation reaction between a butenyl compound and ferrocenylsilane occurred in dry toluene at room temperature in the presence of the Karstedt catalyst to produce the desired binuclear ferrocenyl compound in good to high yields. The electrochemical behavior of new ferrocenyl compounds were studied by cyclic voltammetry in CH₃CN/0.1 M LiClO₄, and the relation between the peak currents and the square root of the scan rate, showed that the redox process is diffusion-limited.     

Synthesis and characterisation of new platinum ethynyl dimers and polymers with pendant ferrocenyl groups

The square-planar platinum(II) complex trans-[(Ph₂FcP)₂PtCl₂] (1) (Fc=ferrocenyl), that is a metal-containing polymer precursor, has been synthesised and its single crystal structure determined. Using 1, new ferrocene-containing platinum ethynyl dimers trans-[(Ph₂FcP)₂Pt(CCR)₂] {R=SiMe₃ (2), C₆H₅ (3) and C₆H₄-p-NO₂ (4)} and a polymer [(Ph₂FcP)₂Pt(CCC₆H₂-p-(OC₈H₁₇)₂CC)]_n (5) have been formed by the reaction of the metal precursor with the appropriate mono- and bis-ethynyl ligands. Single crystal X-ray studies of 4 have shown it to exist as two different polymorphic forms, both having trans-geometry with respect to the ferrocenyl phosphines and ethynyl ligands. GPC measurements on the polymer show a high degree of polymerisation with an average molecular weight of ca. 88?000.     

Photoinduced processes of newly synthesized bisferrocene- and bisfullerene-substituted tetrads with a triphenylamine central block

Photoinduced electron transfer processes of two newly synthesized tetrads with a triphenylamine (TPA) as central building block, to which bisfullerenes (C₆₀) and bisferrocenes (Fc) are covalently connected, have been studied. One of them has a TPA linked with one C₆₀ moiety and two ferrocene moieties C₆₀-TPA-(Fc)₂ and another tetrad has a TPA linked with two C₆₀ moieties and one ferrocene unit (C₆₀)₂-TPA-Fc. The photophysical properties of (C₆₀)_m-TPA-(Fc)_n have been investigated by applying the picosecond time-resolved fluorescence and nanosecond transient absorption techniques in both polar and nonpolar solvents. The charge separation process via the excited singlet state of the C₆₀ moiety of the C₆₀-TPA-(Fc)₂ is more efficient than that of the (C₆₀)₂-TPA-Fc. It is found that the ratio of Fc-donor to C₆₀-acceptor affects charge separation efficiency via the excited singlet state of the C₆₀ moiety.     

Synthesis and characterization of cholesterol-based nonsymmetric dimers terminated with ferrocenyl core

The molecular design, synthesis, and thermal behavior of cholesterol-based nonsymmetric dimers, which can also be regarded as metallomesogens, consisting of either two- or three-ring aromatic cores terminated with ferrocenyl unit are reported. The spacer length connecting the cholesterol and aromatic cores is held constant while the length of the spacer connecting ferrocene and aromatic cores has been varied. The occurrence of the enantiotropic mesomorphism in these compounds has been adjudged by optical, calorimetric, and X-ray diffraction studies. In particular these systems exhibit liquid crystal phases such as chiral nematic, twist grain boundary, and smectic A phases. Of these, the chiral nematic phase commonly occurs in all the synthesized compounds.     

Synthesis and structures of three heterobimetallic compounds based on a new ferrocenyl pyridine ligand

The reactions of 2-PAMF with metal perchlorates [2-PAMF = (2-pyridylmethylamino)carbonylferrocene] yielded three coordination compounds, M(2-PAMF)₂(CH₃CH₂OH)₂(ClO₄)₂ (M = Co 1, Zn 2, and Cu 3), which were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 and 2 have similar structures with six-coordinate metals in octahedral geometries. The CuII in 3 possesses a severely distorted octahedral geometry due to Jahn–Teller distortion. Adjacent molecules in the three compounds were linked by intermolecular hydrogen bonds to form a 1-D supramolecular chain.     

A joint electrochemical/spectroelectrochemical inspection (and re-inspection) of high-nuclearity platinum carbonyl clusters

The accurate study of the electron transfer activity of the tetraanion [Pt₁₉(CO)₂₂]⁴⁻ is presented together with that of the dianion [Pt₃₈(CO)₄₄]²⁻, which was previously studied by spectroelectrochemistry but only partially examined from the electrochemical viewpoint. The main feature of the two clusters is that they undergo a sequence of close-spaced pairs of reversible one-electron processes, which are qualitatively reminiscent of those exhibited by the dianion [Pt₂₄(CO)₃₀]²⁻. In order to focus on such unique aspect of the three structurally characterised platinum clusters, we have investigated (and reinvestigated) their electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical redox properties, also reporting on the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum of the monoanion [Pt₂₄(CO)₃₀]⁻, which represents the first successful study of the paramagnetism of homoleptic platinum–carbonyl clusters.     

Synthesis,spectroscopic and structural perspective of new ferrocenyl amides

Two new ferrocene derivatives with amide linkages were synthesized by the condensation of 4-ferrocenylaniline with n-alkyl acid chloride derivatives as pristine orange solids in good yields. FTIR and ¹H/¹³C NMR studies have confirmed the basic structure of the molecules with the involvement of intermolecular H-bonding, which together with the ferrocene-like packing ensures the stability of the crystal structure. Crystal structures for both compounds were solved by Rietveld refinements of high resolution X-ray powder diffraction data. The XRD results show that both compounds crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c. The primary feature of the crystal structure is a double layer of ferrocenyl groups stretched out in the b-c -plane perpendicular to the a-axis, with packing of the ferrocenyl groups occurring in a manner similar to that of pure ferrocene. Despite the close structural similarity, both compounds differ in the optimized geometry of respective Ferrocene conformers. The Cp rings are eclipsed for one Ferrocene conformer and close to staggered for the other, owing to the low energy barrier for the rotation of a cyclopentadienyl ring relative to the rest of the molecule.     

Pentamethylcyclopentadienylselenium derivatives VI: Synthesis and characterisation of ferrocenyl(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)selenium

The novel mono(cyclopentadienyl)selenium derivatives, Se(C₅Me₄R)Fc (Fc = ferrocenyl, [Fe(η⁵-C₅H₅)(η⁵-C₅H₄)]; R = H or Me) have been prepared by treatment of diferrocenyl diselenide with LiC₅Me₄R, and characterised by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The structure of Se(C₅Me₅)Fc has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography, and its redox properties have been examined by cyclic voltammetry. It reacts with [W(CO)₅(THF)] to form [W₂(μ-SeFc)₂(CO)₈] via C-Se bond cleavage.     

Synthesis and biological activity of ferrocenyl derivatives of the non-steroidal antiandrogens flutamide and bicalutamide

A series of ferrocenyl derivatives of the two non steroidal antiandrogens flutamide and bicalutamide have been prepared. Ferrocenyl bicalutamide complexes were initially synthesized in their racemic forms, and subsequently prepared as pure (R) and (S) enantiomers, and their structure was determined by X-ray crystallography. Most of the complexes retain a modest affinity for the androgen receptor and show an antiproliferative effect on both hormone-dependent (LNCaP) and -independent (PC-3) prostate cancer cells. Ferrocenyl derivatives of bicalutamide are the most cytotoxic (IC₅₀ values on PC-3 around 15 μM); however, they are less potent than the ferrocenyl derivatives of ethynyltestosterone or nilutamide (IC₅₀ around 5 μM).     

几种具有电子给-受体结构的两亲性化合物的合成及鉴定

设计并合成了3种含有巴比妥酸基团的具有电子给-受体结构的两亲性有机分子,经元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱确定了其结构,研究了醛与巴妥酸缩合的条件及醛的反应活性与其IR、NMR谱的关系.     

Synthesis and biological evaluations of some Schiff-base esters of ferrocenyl aniline and simple aniline

The synthesis and biological studies of some long chain esters containing Schiff bases and their ferrocenyl analogues were carried out. The 4-amino ferrocene was prepared by the reported method. Long chain esters were synthesized by the condensation of different aliphatic acids with the corresponding aldehyde. The esters were then reacted with aniline as well as with 4-aminophenyl ferrocene to give corresponding Schiff bases. All the synthesized compounds were analyzed by elemental, FTIR and proton NMR studies, were also investigated for a range of biological activities. Determined by crown gall tumor inhibition assay. Antioxidant and DNA protective activities were determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and OH radical induced oxidative DNA damage assay, respectively. Among all test compounds, o-hydroxy-p-n-octadecanoyloxy-benzylidine-p-ferrocenyl aniline (FA2.1: a ferrocene containing Schiff base) showed highest antitumor, DPPH free radical scavenging and DNA protective activities.     

Synthesis of the first pseudo-phosphonopeptides derived from (ferrocenyl)aminomethanephosphonous acids

The first example of the condensation of (ferrocene)-N-benzhydrylamino-methanephosphonous acid (1) with α-amino acids 2a-d and several model dipeptides 4a-d and the tripeptide dl-alanyl-dl-leucinyl-glycine (4e) in the presence of DCC resulted in pseudo-phosphono-dipeptides 3a-d and pseudo-phosphono-oligopeptides 5a-d. The probable chiral assistance of the incoming amino acid or peptide in the formation of the new chiral center on phosphorus was also a feature of this method.     

D-A结构的9,9-二芳基芴类发光材料的合成、表征及性能

设计合成了一系列以三苯胺结构为核心的具有推电子-拉电子(D-A)结构的9,9-二芳基芴类有机小分子. 研究了介质极性对吸收与发射光谱行为的影响及分子结构与其发光能力的关系. 该类化合物荧光发射波长范围在430-530 nm. 并在特定极性溶剂中观察到双重荧光现象. 溶剂效应显示该类化合物随着介质极性的增加, 分子内电荷转移态(ICT)的荧光发射峰波长先红移后蓝移且荧光强度降低, 表现出扭曲的分子内电荷转移(TICT)行为. 该类化合物的最高占有分子轨道(HOMO)能级位于-5.24 - -5.50 eV, 且可以通过改变取代基电负性的强弱来调节. 所得化合物的玻璃化转变温度为192-206 °C, 热重分析(TGA)表明化合物的热分解温度都在400 °C以上, 具有良好的热稳定性.     

Synthesis of ferrocenyl pyrazoles by the reaction of 3-ferrocenylpropynal with hydrazinium salts

Synthesis of ferrocenyl-substituted pyrazoles via the reaction between 3-ferrocenylpropynal and hydrazinium salts is described. Depending upon the substitution pattern of hydrazine derivative, the reaction affords 1-alkyl/aryl-5-ferrocenylpyrazoles and/or 1-alkyl/aryl-3-ferrocenylpyrazoles. Structures of 5-ferrocenyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole, 1-benzyl-5-ferrocenyl-1H-pyrazole and 2-(3-ferrocenylpyrazol-1-yl)ethanol were identified by X-ray crystallography.