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1.
用吡啶代替四乙二醇作为溶剂, 在Al2O3-H3PO4-C6H11NH2-Py体系下合成出层状阴离子骨架磷酸铝[Al2P3O12H]2-·2[C6H11NH+3](UT-4)的纯晶相, 采用一维27Al, 31P MAS NMR , 1H→31P CP(Cross Polarization)以及二维27Al- 31P HETCOR(Heteronuclear Correlation)高分辨固体核磁共振技术对其骨架结构进行了表征. 采用两种方法对 27Al信号进行了归属, 并通过分析27Al-31P HETCOR谱对31P 信号进行了归属.  相似文献   

2.
Multiple-quantum magic angle spinning (MQMAS) and satellite-transition magic angle spinning (STMAS) are two well-known techniques for obtaining high-resolution, or "isotropic", NMR spectra of quadrupolar nuclei. It has recently been shown that dynamics-driven modulation of the quadrupolar interaction on the microsecond timescale results in linewidths in isotropic STMAS spectra that are strongly broadened, while, in contrast, the isotropic MQMAS linewidths remain narrow. Here, we use this novel methodology in an 27Al (I = 5/2) NMR study of the calcined-dehydrated aluminophosphate AlPO-14 and two forms of as-synthesized AlPO-14, one prepared with isopropylamine (C3H7NH2) as the template molecule and one with piperidine (C5H10NH). For completeness, the 31P and 13C (both I = 1/2) MAS NMR spectra are also presented. A comparison of the 27Al MQMAS and STMAS NMR results show that, although calcined AlPO-14 appears to have a rigid framework structure, the extent of motion in the two as-synthesized forms is significant, with clear evidence for dynamics on the microsecond timescale in the immediate environments of all four Al sites in each material. Variable-temperature 27Al STMAS NMR studies of the two as-synthesized AlPO forms reveal the dynamics to be complex, with the motions of both the guest water molecules and organic template molecules shown to be contributing. The sensitivity of the STMAS NMR experiment to the presence of microsecond timescale dynamics is such that it seems likely that this methodology will prove useful in NMR studies of host-guest interactions in a wide variety of framework materials.  相似文献   

3.
We show for the first time that it is possible to acquire high-resolution heteronuclear NMR correlation experiments in solid state between second-order-broadened half integer quadrupolar nuclei (i.e., 27Al and 17O) using the scalar J-coupling. The sensitivity of the experiment is dramatically improved at high fields (gain proportional to the fourth power of the principal field) with a combination of signal enhancement techniques. This turns a challenging experiment into a real tool. We apply this experiment to characterize a calcium aluminate glass in which we prove the presence of tricluster mu3 oxygen sites and describe the signature of their directly bonded aluminum sites. Applications involve a large range of possible pairs of quadrupolar nuclei in different materials, such as glasses, porous or mesoporous framework materials, zeolites, hybrid organic-inorganic, and bioinvolved materials.  相似文献   

4.
Several methods are available for obtaining high-resolution NMR spectra of half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei, such as (11)B, (23)Na (I = (3)/(2)) and (17)O, (27)Al (I = (5)/(2)), in powdered solids. Satellite-transition magic-angle spinning (STMAS) uses only conventional magic-angle spinning (MAS) hardware and, it has been claimed, improves significantly upon the signal-to-noise ratio obtained with the widely adopted multiple-quantum MAS (MQMAS) experiment. The STMAS technique, however, requires that the sample rotation axis be set to the magic angle (cos(-1)(1/ radical 3) = 54.736 degrees ) with respect to the magnetic field B(0) with an accuracy of better than +/-0.004 degrees, and this stringent requirement has severely limited the use of the method. Here, we propose a novel version of STMAS that self-compensates for magic-angle missets of up to +/-1.0 degrees and yet retains a sensitivity comparable with MQMAS. This SCAM-STMAS experiment is demonstrated on RbNO(3) using (87)Rb (I = (3)/(2)) NMR and on kyanite (Al(2)SiO(5)) using (27)Al (I = (5)/(2)) NMR.  相似文献   

5.
A robust, easy to optimize, and efficient homonuclear correlation NMR experiment for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in solids is described and has been experimentally tested on anhydrous Na2HPO4-(23Na, S= 3/2 nucleus) and as-synthesized AlPO4-14 (27Al, S= 5/2 nucleus), an aluminophosphate molecular sieve.  相似文献   

6.
The chemically active phosphorus surface sites defined as PO(x), PO(x)H, and PO(x)H2, where x = 1, 2, or 3, and the bulk phosphorus groups of PO4(3-) at synthetic carbonate-free fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F) have been studied by means of single-pulse 1H,31P, and 31P CP MAS NMR. The changes in composition and relative amounts of each surface species are evaluated as a function of pH. By combining spectra from single-pulse 1H and 31P MAS NMR and data from 31P CP MAS NMR experiments at varying contact times in the range 0.2-3.0 ms, it has been possible to distinguish between resonance lines in the NMR spectra originating from active surface sites and bulk phosphorus groups and also to assign the peaks in the NMR spectra to the specific phosphorus species. In the 31P CP MAS NMR experiments, the spinning frequency was set to 4.2 kHz; in the single-pulse 1H MAS NMR experiments, the spinning frequency was 10 kHz. The 31P CP MAS NMR spectrum of fluorapatite at pH 5.9 showed one dominating resonance line at 2.9 ppm assigned to originate from PO4(3-) groups and two weaker shoulder peaks at 5.4 and 0.8 ppm which were assigned to the unprotonated PO(x) (PO, PO2-, and PO3(2-)) and protonated PO(x)H (PO2H and PO3H-) surface sites. At pH 12.7, the intensity of the peak representing unprotonated PO(x) surface sites has increased 1.7% relative to the bulk peak, while the intensity of the peaks of the protonated species PO(x)H have decreased 1.4% relative to the bulk peak. At pH 3.5, a resonance peak at -4.5 ppm has appeared in the 31P CP MAS NMR spectrum assigned to the surface species PO(x)H2 (PO3H2). The results from the 1H MAS and 31P CP MAS NMR measurements indicated that H+, OH-, and physisorbed H2O at the surface were released during the drying process at 200 degrees C.  相似文献   

7.
《Chemphyschem》2006,7(1):117-130
Ultra‐wideline 27Al NMR experiments are conducted on coordination compounds with 27Al nuclei possessing immense quadrupolar interactions that result from exceptionally nonspherical coordination environments. NMR spectra are acquired using a methodology involving frequency‐stepped, piecewise acquisition of NMR spectra with Hahn‐echo or quadrupolar Carr–Purcell Meiboom–Gill (QCPMG) pulse sequences, which is applicable to any half‐integer quadrupolar nucleus with extremely broad NMR powder patterns. Despite the large breadth of these central transition powder patterns, ranging from 250 to 700 kHz, the total experimental times are an order of magnitude less than previously reported experiments on analogous complexes with smaller quadrupolar interactions. The complexes examined feature three‐ or five‐coordinate aluminum sites: trismesitylaluminum (AlMes3), tris(bis(trimethylsilyl)amino)aluminum (Al(NTMS2)3), bis[dimethyl tetrahydrofurfuryloxide aluminum] ([Me2‐Al(μ‐OTHF)]2), and bis[diethyl tetrahydrofurfuryloxide aluminum] ([Et2‐Al(μ‐OTHF)]2). We report some of the largest 27Al quadrupolar coupling constants measured to date, with values of CQ(27Al) of 48.2(1), 36.3(1), 19.9(1), and 19.6(2) MHz for AlMes3 , Al(NTMS2)3 , [Me2‐Al(μ‐OTHF)]2 , and [Et2‐Al(μ‐OTHF)]2 , respectively. X‐ray crystallographic data and theoretical (Hartree–Fock and DFT) calculations of 27Al electric field gradient (EFG) tensors are utilized to examine the relationships between the quadrupolar interactions and molecular structure; in particular, the origin of the immense quadrupolar interaction in the three‐coordinate species is studied via analyses of molecular orbitals.  相似文献   

8.
The room temperature structure of Ba(5)Al(3)F(19) has been solved using electron microscopy and synchrotron powder diffraction data. One-dimensional (1D) (27)Al and ultrafast magic-angle-spinning (MAS) (19)F NMR spectra have been recorded and are in agreement with the proposed structural model for Ba(5)Al(3)F(19). The (19)F isotropic chemical shift and (27)Al quadrupolar parameters have been calculated using the CASTEP code from the experimental and density functional theory geometry-optimized structures. After optimization, the calculated NMR parameters of both the (19)F and (27)Al nuclei show improved consistency with the experimental values, demonstrating that the geometry optimization step is necessary to obtain more accurate and reliable structural data. This also enables a complete and unambiguous assignment of the (19)F MAS NMR spectrum of Ba(5)Al(3)F(19). Variable-temperature 1D MAS (19)F NMR experiments have been carried out, showing the occurrence of fluorine ion mobility. Complementary insights were obtained from both two-dimensional (2D) exchange and 2D double-quantum dipolar recoupling NMR experiments, and a detailed analysis of the anionic motion in Ba(5)Al(3)F(19) is proposed, including the distinction between reorientational processes and chemical exchange involving bond breaking and re-formation.  相似文献   

9.
In the present work, multinuclear solid-state NMR techniques, combined with powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, are employed to monitor the crystallization of AlPO4-5 aluminophosphate prepared in the presence of HF under hydrothermal condition. The crystallization process is characterized by the evolution of intermediate gels, in which the long-rang ordering arrangement is probed by PXRD, revealing the threshold of the crystallization around 120 min. The appearance of 31P signals at ca. -22 and -29 ppm due to the structural P-O-Al unit and 19F signal at -120 ppm due to the structural F-Alpen-O-P unit in the NMR spectra of the series gels indicates that the crystalline framework is starting to form. The onset of the crystallization is also evidenced by the presence of the pentacoordinated Al in the structural F-Alpen-O-P unit which is considered to be associated with the ordered framework. More information about the local ordering of the gels is obtained from two-dimensional 27Al --> 31P heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) and 31P/27Al double-resonance experiments. In combination with 1H --> 31P cross-polarization/magic-angle spinning (CP/MAS) experiments, two microdomains can be identified in the 120 min heated gel. A possible evolution mechanism of the gels consisting of three successive stages is proposed for the crystallization process.  相似文献   

10.
(27)Al, (17)O and (13)C chemical shieldings of aluminum acetylacetonate complex, Al(acac)(3), were calculated at some Density Functional Theory (DFT) levels of theory. In these calculations the X-ray structures of its different polymorphs were used. Using these calculated data observed discrepancies between the X-ray crystallography and solid state NMR experiment were explained in terms of the quality of the NMR data. In this survey we resorted to the simulated spectra using our calculated chemical shifts. In order to confirm our conclusions, electric field gradient (EFG) tensors of the (27)Al and (17)O nuclei were calculated at the same levels of theory as used in the chemical shielding calculations. On the other hand, these calculated chemical shifts and nuclear quadrupole coupling constants (NQCCs) made a correlation between X-ray crystallography and solid state NMR experiments.  相似文献   

11.
We report novel symmetry-based pulse sequences for exciting double-quantum (2Q) coherences between the central transitions of half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei in the NMR of rotating solids. Compared to previous 2Q-recoupling techniques, numerical simulations and 23Na and 27Al NMR experiments on Na2SO4 and the open-framework aluminophosphate AlPO-CJ19 verify that the new dipolar recoupling schemes display higher robustness to both radio-frequency field inhomogeneity and to spreads in resonance frequencies. These advances allowed for the first demonstration of 2Q-recoupling in an amorphous solid for revealing its intermediate-range structural features, in the context of mapping 27Al-27Al connectivities between the aluminium polyhedra (AlO4, AlO5 and AlO6) of a lanthanum aluminate glass (La0.18Al0.82O1.5).  相似文献   

12.
We present an in situ high-temperature nuclear magnetic resonance study on the structural changes in aluminophosphate glasses occurring in the temperature range between the glass transition temperature Tg and the crystallization temperature Tc, Tg < T < Tc. Decisive changes in the network organization between Tg and Tc in potassium aluminophosphate glasses in the compositional range 50K2O-xAl2O3-(50 - x)P2O5 with 2.5 < x < 20 could be monitored for the first time employing 1D 31P- and 27Al-MAS NMR. Accompanying ex situ NMR experiments (31P-RFDR NMR and 31P-{27Al} CP-HETCOR NMR) on devitrified samples were performed at room temperature to further characterize the phases formed during the crystallization process. The structural role of boron-which is known to inhibit the crystallization process in these aluminophosphate glasses-on short and intermediate length scales was analyzed employing 11B-MQMAS, 11B-{27Al} TRAPDOR and 11B-{31P} REDOR NMR spectroscopy.  相似文献   

13.
The calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) phase resulting from hydration of a white Portland cement (wPc) in water and in a 0.3 M NaAlO(2) solution has been investigated at 14 and 11 hydration times, respectively, ranging from 6 h to 1 year by (27)Al and (29)Si MAS NMR spectroscopy. (27)Al MAS NMR spectra recorded at 7.05, 9.39, 14.09, and 21.15 T have allowed a determination of the (27)Al isotropic chemical shift (delta(iso)) and quadrupolar product parameter (P(Q) = C(Q)) for tetrahedrally coordinated Al incorporated in the C-S-H phase and for a pentacoordinated Al site. The latter site may originate from Al(3+) substituting for Ca(2+) ions situated in the interlayers of the C-S-H structure. The spectral region for octahedrally coordinated Al displays resonances from ettringite, monosulfate, and a third aluminate hydrate phase (delta(iso) = 5.0 ppm and P(Q) = 1.20 MHz). The latter phase is tentatively ascribed to a less-crystalline aluminate gel or calcium aluminate hydrate. The tetrahedral Al incorporated in the C-S-H phase has been quantitatively determined from (27)Al MAS spectra at 14.09 T and indirectly observed quantitatively in (29)Si MAS NMR spectra by the Q(2)(1Al) resonance at -81.0 ppm. A linear correlation is observed between the (29)Si MAS NMR intensity for the Q(2)(1Al) resonance and the quantity of Al incorporated in the C-S-H phase from (27)Al MAS NMR for the different samples of hydrated wPc. This correlation supports the assignment of the resonance at delta(iso)((29)Si) = -81.0 ppm to a Q(2)(1Al) site in the C-S-H phase and the assignment of the (27)Al resonance at delta(iso)((27)Al) = 74.6 ppm, characterized by P(Q)((27)Al) = 4.5 MHz, to tetrahedrally coordinated Al in the C-S-H. Finally, it is shown that hydration of wPc in a NaAlO(2) solution results in a C-S-H phase with a longer mean chain length of SiO(4) tetrahedra and an increased quantity of Al incorporated in the chain structure as compared to the C-S-H phase resulting from hydration of wPc in water.  相似文献   

14.
Solid-state (17)O NMR spectroscopy is employed to characterize powdered samples of known monoclinic and orthorhombic modifications of (17)O-enriched triphenylphosphine oxide, Ph(3)PO. Precise data on the orientation-dependent (17)O electric field gradient (EFG) and chemical shift (CS) tensors are obtained for both polymorphs. While the (17)O nuclear quadrupolar coupling constants (C(Q)) are essentially identical for the two polymorphs (C(Q) = -4.59 +/- 0.01 MHz (orthorhombic); C(Q) = -4.57 +/- 0.01 MHz (monoclinic)), the spans (Omega) of the CS tensors are distinctly different (Omega = 135 +/- 3 ppm (orthorhombic); Omega = 155 +/- 5 ppm (monoclinic)). The oxygen CS tensor is discussed in terms of Ramsey's theory and the electronic structure of the phosphorus-oxygen bond. The NMR results favor the hemipolar sigma-bonded R(3)P(+)-O(-) end of the resonance structure continuum over the multiple bond representation. Indirect nuclear spin-spin (J) coupling between (31)P and (17)O is observed directly in (17)O magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR spectra as well as in (31)P MAS NMR spectra. Ab initio and density-functional theory calculations of the (17)O EFG, CS, and (1)J((31)P,(17)O) tensors have been performed with a variety of basis sets to complement the experimental data. This work describes an interesting spin system for which the CS, quadrupolar, J, and direct dipolar interactions all contribute significantly to the observed (17)O NMR spectra and demonstrates the wealth of information which is available from NMR studies of solid materials.  相似文献   

15.
A series of mixed sodalite samples, Na(8)[Al(6)Si(6)O(24)]Br(x).(H(3)O(2))(2-x), with the unit cell stoichiometries varying in the 0 < x <2 region, was made by hydrothermal synthesis and subsequently transformed into Na(6+x)[Al(6)Si(6)O(24)]Br(x).(4H(2)O)(2-x) and Na(6+x)[Al(6)Si(6)O(24)]Br(x).circle(2-x) sodalites. Here, circle refers to an empty sodalite cage. The three series, referred hereafter to as the Br/basic, Br/hydro, and Br/dry series, were characterized by powder diffraction X-ray and by (23)Na, (27)Al, and (81)Br magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR and high-resolution triple quantum (TQ) MAS NMR spectroscopy. We determined that incorporation of Br(-) anions is 130 times more preferred than incorporation of H(3)O(2)(-) anions during the formation of sodalite cages, which permitted precise control of the halide content in the solid. Monotonic trends in chemical shifts were observed as a function of cage occupancy, reflecting continuous changes in structural parameters. A linear correlation between (81)Br chemical shift and lattice constant with a slope of -86 ppm/A was observed for all three series. Likewise, (23)Na chemical shifts for Na(+) cations in salt-bearing sodalite cages correlate linearly with the lattice constant. Both results indicate a universal dependence of the (23)Na and (81)Br chemical shifts on the Na-Br distance. The (27)Al chemical shifts of Br/basic and Br/hydro sodalites obey an established relation between delta(cs) and the average T-O-T bond angle of 0.72 ppm/degrees. Br/dry sodalites show two aluminum resonances, characterized by significantly different chemical shifts and quadrupolar interaction parameters. In that series, local symmetry distortions are evident from strong quadrupolar perturbations in the NMR spectra. P(Q) values for (27)Al vary between 0.8 MHz in Br/basic sodalites and 4.4 MHz in the Br/dry series caused by deviations from the tetrahedral symmetry of the salt-free sodalite cages. For (23)Na, P(Q) values of 0.8, 0.8, 2.0, and 5.7 MHz were found for sodium in bromo, basic, hydro, and dry cages, respectively. In addition, both (23)Na and (81)Br spectra offer some evidence that the Br(-) anions in the Br/dry sodalite are displaced from the center of the expanded sodalite cage. For all three series, the spectral deconvolution of the (23)Na NMR line shapes permits an accurate determination of the mixed sodalite stoichiometry.  相似文献   

16.
Through-bond homonuclear correlation experiments can be realised in solids between spins of type X, separated by four chemical bonds, in X-O-Y-O-X motifs, provided a J coupling between X and Y exists: central transitions of quadrupolar 27Al spins can be correlated via the J2 scalar coupling between 27Al (X) and 31P (Y) in materials featuring Al-O-P-O-Al motifs.  相似文献   

17.
A series of anionic framework aluminophosphates, with different Al/P ratios, have been investigated by various solid-state NMR techniques, including 27Al, 31P magic angle spinning (MAS), 27Al-->31P cross polarization (CP), 27Al{31P} rotational echo double resonance (REDOR), and 31P{27Al} transfer of population double resonance (TRAPDOR). Different Al coordinations (AlO4b, AlO5b, and AlO6b) and P coordinations (PO4b, PO3bOt, PO2bO2t, and PObO3t), where b represents bridging oxygens and t represents terminal oxygens, can be unambiguously determined based on the solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, a new method to determine the Al/P ratio of open-framework aluminophosphates has been established, which is useful for the understanding of unknown aluminophosphate structures.  相似文献   

18.
Multinuclear solid-state NMR techniques and DFT quantum chemical calculations were employed to investigate the detailed structure of acid sites on the BF3/gamma-Al2O3 alkylation catalyst. The NMR experiment results indicate that gaseous BF3 is able to react with the hydroxyl groups present on the surface of gamma-Al2O3, leading to the formation of new Br?nsted and Lewis acid sites. The 1H/11B and 1H/27Al TRAPDOR (TRAnsfer of Population in DOuble Resonance) experiments suggest that the 3.7 ppm signal in 1H NMR spectra of the BF3/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst is due to a bridging B-OH-Al group that acts as a Br?nsted acid site of the catalyst. On the other hand, a Lewis acid site on the surface of the catalysts, as revealed by 31P MAS and 31P/27Al TRAPDOR NMR of adsorbed trimethylphosphine, is associated with three-coordinate -OBF2 species. 13C NMR of adsorbed 2-13C-acetone indicates that the Br?nsted acid strength of the catalyst is slightly stronger than that of zeolite HZSM-5 but still weaker than that of 100% H2SO4, which is in good agreement with theoretical prediction. In addition, DFT calculations also reveal the detailed structure of various acid sites formed on the BF3/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst and the interaction of probe molecules with these sites.  相似文献   

19.
High-resolution 17O/1H double resonance NMR spectra were obtained for two zeolites, one with a low Si/Al ratio (zeolite HY) and one with a high Si/Al ratio (HZSM-5), to investigate their local structure and Br?nsted acidity. Two different oxygen signals, corresponding to Br?nsted acid sites in supercages and sodalite cages of zeolite HY were readily resolved in the two-dimensional (2-D) 1H-17O heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) NMR spectra allowing the 17O isotropic chemical shift (deltaCS) and quadrupolar coupling parameters (quadrupolar coupling constant, QCC, and asymmetry parameter, eta) for the two oxygen atoms to be extracted. Similar experiments for HZSM-5 showed that the sites in this system are associated with a much larger distribution in NMR parameters than found in HY. 17O-1H rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) NMR was applied to probe the O-H distances in zeolites HY and HZSM-5. Weaker 17O-1H dephasing was observed for zeolite HZSM-5 in comparison to that of HY, consistent with longer O-H bonds and/or increased proton mobility.  相似文献   

20.
We present the structure and a multinuclear solid-state NMR study of a new cyclic aluminophosphinate. The crystallographic structure of [Al(2)(HC(6)H(5)PO(2))(2)(C(4)H(9)OH)(8)]Cl(4) (compound 1) was obtained at low temperature (a = 11.830(7) A, b = 14.216(6) A, c = 17.790(6) A, beta = 91.25(4) degrees, monoclinic, P21/c, Z = 2). (13)C IRCP (inversion recovery cross polarization) and NQS (non quaternary suppression) NMR experiments allowed the complete assignment of the quaternary carbon atom of the phenyl ring and the precise determination of the isotropic /(1)J(P-C)/ coupling constant. (31)P CP MAS dynamics was carefully studied by varying the contact time. Dipolar oscillations even at slow MAS were observed. Up to 11 kHz, these oscillations were more pronounced, and the P-H distance was easily extracted. (27)Al NMR quadrupolar parameters for 1 were obtained with very good accuracy, and unusual satellite transition splitting was observed. Furthermore, the isotropic lines of the inner and outer transitions were clearly observable, leading to the unambiguous determination of the quadrupolar parameters.  相似文献   

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