SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF NEW MESOGEN-JACKETED LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMERS*

Some new mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymers (MJLCP) with polymer backbones, spacers, andmesogenic units of different structures were synthesized by radical polymerization. The mesomorphic behavior of thesepolymers was examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). Theirliquid crystallinity is influenced by the variation of polymer backbone, spacer, mesogenic unit and its terminal groups. Theresults show that 1) a more flexible polymer main-chain is more favorable to the formation of a liquid crystal phase, while 2)a flexible spacer will decrease the "Jacket Effect" and the liquid crystallinity and 3) a subtle modification of the terminalgroups on the mesogenic unit may also have a significant influence on properties of the polymers.     

SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL "MESOGEN-JACKETED LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER" BASED ON VINYLTEREPHTHALIC ACID

Poly{2, 5- bis [ (p- methoxyphenyl ) oxycarbonyl] styrene } was successfully syn-thesized. This new polymer has a structure characteristic of mesogen-jacketed liquidcyrstalline polymers (MJLCPs) and does form a liquid crystal phase above its glass tran-sition. It thus became the starting member of a new series of MJLCPs. The synthesis ofthe polymer as well as the liquid crystalline properties of the polymer and its monomerwas discussed. A brief comparison of the new monomer and polymer with some previouslyreported counterparts was also included.     

手性化合物环境下制备甲壳型液晶高分子

甲壳型液晶高分子的研究是我国独创[1 ,2 ] ,已产生了积极的科学影响 .虽然它们在化学结构上属于侧链型 ,但在分子形态上更接近于主链型液晶高分子[3] .由于庞大的液晶基元对空间的要求 ,液晶高分子主链被迫采取尽可能伸展的构象[4,5] .然而 ,至今尚不清楚主链与液晶基元之间是怎样协同作用以形成有序结构 .本文探索了在不同手性化合物环境下制备单手螺旋链甲壳型液晶高分子的可能性 .尽管最后并未获得螺旋链高分子 ,但仍取得了一些有价值的结果 .手性化合物环境分别是 ( )薄荷醇 ( 1 )作为反应溶剂、( )过氧化 二 (碳酸薄荷醇酯 ( 2 )作…     

SYNTHESES AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW TYPE OF LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYESTERS

A new type of liquid crystalline polyesters with resorcin as one part of the mesogenic unitconnected together by polymethylene, or phenylene group, and lateral groups consisting of arigid azobenzene as another part of the mesogenic unit were synthesized by interfacialpolymerization of diacyl chlorides in 1, 2-dichloroethane and 2, 4-dihydroxy-4'-nitroazobenzen inaqueous alkaline solution. The polyester structures were confirmed by proton NMR and IRspectra. Their phase transition behavior and texture were studied by polarizing microscopy andDSC.     

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF A THERMOTROPIC SIDE-CHAIN LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMER DURING MESOPHASE TRANSITIONS*

The morphological features of a side-chain liquid crystalline polymer during the mesophasetransitions were investigated by using the DSC technique. The polymer used was polyacrylate with mesogensof three benzene rings attached to the main chain through a flexible spacer. A special two-phase texture wasobserved in the transition temperature range. Similar to main-chain liquid crystalline polymers the transitionprocess of the side-chain liquid crystalline polymer was composed of an initiation of the new phase at localplaces of the old phase matrix and a growth process of the new phase domains.     

A NEW STRATEGY FOR THE DESIGN OF LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMERS WITH FLEXIBLE AND APOLAR BUILDING BLOCKS

The synthesis and characterization of a new series of liquid crystalline polymers, poly(dicycloalkylvinylterephthalate)s, are reported. The basic building blocks of these polymers are not mesogenic by themselves. However,very stable mesophases can be generated by self-assembly of the polymer molecules. This approach suggests a novel designstrategy of liquid crystalline polymers with flexible and apolar building blocks.     

SYNTHESIS OF LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYACRYLATES WITH THIOESTER AS BRIDGE-BOND

A new series of acrylates with the same mesogens containing thioester as bridge-bondwere synthesized, and the acrylates were characterized by H~1 NMR, IR and MS. Thepolymers were obtained by radical polymerization using AIBN as initiator. The monomersand polymers exhibit thermotropic-enantiotropic liquid crystalline behavior.     

甲壳型液晶高分子的一种非寻常热致液晶行为

根据液晶相的稳定性 ,热致性液晶有双向性和单向性之分 .前者在升温和降温过程中都能形成液晶 ,而后者只能在降温过程中形成液晶 .原因是单向性液晶的液晶相不稳定 ,清亮点Ｔｉ 低于熔点Ｔｍ .升温时 ,样品熔融后直接进入各向同性的熔体 ;降温时 ,由于结晶过程的过冷 ,冷结晶温度Ｔｃ 低于Ｔｉ,样品先从各向同性态进入液晶态 ,然后才结晶 .一般情况下 ,如果液晶化合物自身是非晶的 ,所形成的有序结构不会由于冷却而遭到破坏 .最近 ,我们在研究分子量和液晶基元末端长度对甲壳型液晶高分子液晶性影响的时候发现 ,聚 [2 ,5 双 ( 4′ 正己氧基…     

含对甲氧基苯氧羰基偶氮苯基团的侧链液晶高分子的合成与表征

报道了新型的含对甲氧基苯氧羰基偶氮苯基团的甲基丙烯酸酯单体与含对甲氧基苯氧羰基苯基团的甲基丙烯酸酯单体的合成及其自由基共聚合．利用１Ｈ ＮＭＲ、ＩＲ、ＵＶ Ｖｉｓ、元素分析、ＧＰＣ、ＴＧ ＤＴＡ、ＰＯＭ及Ｘ 射线衍射等手段对偶氮单体及聚合物的结构与性能进行了表征,证明两种单体的共聚合产物为无规共聚物,而且各聚合物均具有较好的热稳定性．研究结果还表明,偶氮单体与聚合物在升温过程中均显示出向列相液晶织构,且聚合物的液晶相范围随偶氮含量的增加而变宽．     

一类含萘环结构的聚酯酰亚胺液晶聚合物的结构与性能研究

利用Higashi芳香聚酯直接缩聚法的原理,采用分步投料的方法,以N,N′-1,6-亚己基-双苯偏三酸酰亚胺二酸(IA6)、6-羟基-乙-萘甲酸(HNA)和4,4′-二羟基二苯酮(DHBP)为单体原料,合成了一系列聚酯酰亚胺共聚物.用核磁共振(NMR)、差热分析(DSC)、偏光显微镜(PLM)、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)、热重分析(TGA)等手段对所合成的聚酯酰亚胺的液晶行为、结构以及热性能进行了表征.研究结果表明,当HNA投料量占单体总投料量高于33mol%时,所得聚合物均呈明显的向列型热致液晶特性.但是,此类液晶聚合物仅在升温过程中出现液晶的相转变,而在降温过程中并未观察到液晶的相转变行为.由DSC结果分析可知,此类聚合物具有较高的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和较低的熔融温度(Tm),有望成为一类既具有较低加工温度又有较高使用温度的液晶聚合物材料.     

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLY(METH)ACRYLATES CONTAINING SILOXANE SPACER AND TERPHENYLENE MESOGENIC UNIT*

Novel side-chain liquid-crystalline poly(meth)acrylates were synthesized using 1-(3-hydroxyl-propyl)-3-[(4"-cyano-p-terphenyloxycarbonyl)alkyl]-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane as the key intermediate. The polymers used a disiloxanemoiety as decoupling spacer with cyano-p-terphenyl as mesogenic unit. The products were characterized by NMR, GPC,DSC and polarizing optical microscopy. All the polymers with cyano-p-terphenyl mesogens formed a stable mesophase.However, if the mesogenic unit is replaced by cyano-p-biphenyl, the liquid crystalline character will be lost. The results alsoshowed that the decoupling is incomplete even if a complex and very flexible decoupling spacer is deliberately incorporatedto obtain the highest possible decoupling effect.     

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF A NEW AZOBENZENE SIDE-CHAIN POLYMER CONTAINING A TEMPO RADICAL

To allow anisotropies of optical properties in a magnetic field, nitroxide radical is introduced into the ortho-position of the phenylene ring in the side chain. A new azobenzene side-chain polymer (TEMPO-PAZ) containing TEMPOradical was synthesized. The polymer has a good solubility in organic solvents. The ESR spectrum of the polymer indicatedthree absorption lines characteristic of TEMPO radical. The optical phase conjugated responses (I_4) of the polymer filmswere investigated by degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM). The experimental results showed that optical phase conjugatedresponse of the TEMPO-PAZ could be easily controlled by choosing the appropriate direction of magnetic field presumablydue to the nitroxide radical in the TEMPO-PAZ molecular structure. For the polymer investigated here, the nitroxide radicalwas introduced to increase optical phase conjugated response intensity in a magnetic field, aiming originally at searching fora new photo-active organic magnetic multifunctional materials.     

SYNTHESIS AND PHASE BEHAVIOUR OF CHIRAL COMBINED MAIN/SIDE CHAIN LIQUID CRYSTALLINE COPOLYMERS

The synthesis and phase behaviour of chiral combined main/side chain liquid crystallinecopolymers containing pendant group constituted by chiral side group and trans-azobenzenemoiety with nitro end group are described. The formation of liquid crystalline polymorphism ofcopolymers is influenced by various contents of achiral side group.     

"LIVING" FREE RADICAL SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL RODCOIL DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS WITH POLYSTYRENE AND MESOGEN-JACKETED LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMER SEGMENTS*

The synthesis of rod-coil diblock copolymers was achieved for the firsttime by TEMPO-mediated "living" free radical polymerization of styrene and 2,5-bis[(4-methoxyphenyl)oxycarbonyl]styrene(MPCS). The block architecture of the two diblockcopolymers thus prepared, MPCS-b-St(5400/2400) and MPCS-b-St(10800/8700), was con-firmed by GPC, DSC studies and the formation of multimolecular micelles.     

热致液晶聚合物对短玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯加工性、结构与性能的改善

<正> 短切玻璃纤维增强的热塑性复合材料具有加工简便,生产周期短,可以反复加工等优点,因此得到了广泛应用。但短切玻璃纤维会给加工成型带来困难,主要在于纤维对加工设备的磨损,以及由于纤维的加入增大了熔体的粘度等。如果提高加工温度来降低粘度又会导致高聚物降解。几年前Kiss和Isayev提出用热致液晶聚合物(TLCP)的刚性棒状分子链作增强剂与被增强基体熔融共混,在加工中TLCP原位形成增强纤维,形成原位复合材料。原位复合材料中由于TLCP的流变性质,使其共混物的加工粘度     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYAMIDES

A series of novel mesogenic polyamides containing a flexible pendent side group wassynthesized by solution condensation polymerization. The new monomers, diacids and di-amines containing flexible elements of diferent lengths, were also synthesized and character-ized by ~1HNMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The polymers were character-ized by viscosity measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffiactionand polarizing optical microscopy These studies revealed that polyamides containingflexible elements of a sufficient length exhibited thermotropic liquid crystalline(LC) pro-perties. The melting temperatures of this series of polymers were particularly sensitive tothe length of the flexible segment on the main chain and that of the flexible pendent esterside chain. Lyotropic LC behaviours were also observed in solution.     

含对硝基偶氮苯基团的侧链液晶高分子的合成及其光致变色性能研究

报道了新型的含对硝基偶氮苯基团的甲基丙烯酸酯单体与含介晶基团的甲基丙烯酸酯单体的合成及其自由基共聚合．利用１Ｈ ＮＭＲ、ＩＲ、ＵＶ Ｖｉｓ、ＧＰＣ、元素分析、ＤＴＡ及ＰＯＭ等手段对偶氮单体和聚合物进行了结构表征．证明两种单体的共聚合产物为无规共聚物，而且各聚合物在加热过程中均显示出明显的向列相液晶织构．研究了偶氮单体及其与介晶单体的共聚物的氯仿溶液和聚合物薄膜在紫外光诱导下的光异构化及热回复异构化行为．结果表明，它们在紫外光诱导下均能发生光致变色现象，而且介质对其光化学行为起决定作用．     

一种新型聚酯醚砜热致液晶高分子的合成与表征

由对苯二甲酸、４，４＇－双（４－羟基苯氧基）二苯枫和对羟基苯甲酸合成了具有液晶特性的一种新型聚酯醚砜．从反应介质预聚合和后聚合等因素讨论了提高聚合物粘度的途径，以ＤＳＣ、偏光显微镜和Ｘ－线衍射仪等方法表征了其液晶特性．     

TRANSITIONS AND MODRPHOLOGY OF MAIN-CHAIN LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMERS WITH X-SHAPED MESOGENS

The transitions and morphology of a series of main-chain liquid crystalline polymer with X-shaped mesogens were studied by means of DSC,SALS and polarizing microscopy techniques. Aneven-odd effect was observed for samples with different size of the substituents on the mesogenends. The isotropization process was similar to that of main-chain polymers with rod-likemesogens. No crystallization was detected for specimens cooling down from their isotropic meltstate. However two of the samples may crystallize in cooling process directly from the liquidcrystalline state.     

聚苯撑苯并二噻唑的甲基磺酸溶液的相转变过程及其动力学研究

用退偏振光强度法及偏光显微镜研究了溶致性液晶高分子聚苯撑苯并二噻唑的甲基磺酸溶液(PBT/MSA)由液晶相至各向同性相(N→I转变),及由各向同性相至液晶相(I→N转变)的相变过程.液晶相的形成(I→N)服从Av-rami方程,Avrami指数为1左右,表明该体系的液晶相是以一维棒状方式形成的.相转变温度与浓度有关,提高温度可加速在应力下液晶相长程有序结构的形成.