Oscillatory Singularities in Bianchi Models with Magnetic Fields

An idea which has been around in general relativity for more than 40  years is that in the approach to a big bang singularity solutions of the Einstein equations can be approximated by the Kasner map, which describes a succession of Kasner epochs. This is already a highly non-trivial statement in the spatially homogeneous case. There the Einstein equations reduce to ordinary differential equations and it becomes a statement that the solutions of the Einstein equations can be approximated by heteroclinic chains of the corresponding dynamical system. For a long time, progress on proving a statement of this kind rigorously was very slow but recently there has been new progress in this area, particularly in the case of the vacuum Einstein equations. In this paper we generalize some of these results to cases where the Einstein equations are coupled to matter fields, focussing on the example of a dynamical system arising from the Einstein–Maxwell equations with symmetry of Bianchi type VI₀. It turns out that this requires new techniques since certain eigenvalues are in a less favourable configuration than in the vacuum case. The difficulties which arise in that case are overcome by using the fact that the dynamical system of interest is of geometrical origin and thus has useful invariant manifolds.     

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to anisotropic conservation laws in two-dimensional space

In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions for anisotropic conservation laws in two-dimensional space, provided with step-like initial conditions that approach the constant states u_± (u₋<u₊) as x→±∞, respectively. It shows that there is a global classical solution that converges toward the rarefaction wave, ie, the unique entropy solution of the Riemann problem for the nonviscous Burgers' equation in one-dimensional space.     

Future Non-Linear Stability for Reflection Symmetric Solutions of the Einstein–Vlasov System of Bianchi Types II and VI0

Using the methods developed for the Bianchi I case we have shown that a boostrap argument is also suitable to treat the future non-linear stability for reflection symmetric solutions of the Einstein–Vlasov system of Bianchi types II and VI₀. These solutions are asymptotic to the Collins–Stewart solution with dust and the Ellis–MacCallum solution, respectively. We have thus generalized the results obtained by Rendall and Uggla in the case of locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi II spacetimes to the reflection symmetric case. However, we needed to assume small data. For Bianchi VI₀ there is no analogous previous result.     

Game-theoretic coupled riccati equations associated to controlled linear differential systems with jump markov perturbations

In this paper we investigate several properties of the stabilizing solution of a class of systems of Riccati type differential equations with indefinite sign associated to controlled systems described by differential equations with Markovian jumping.

We show that the existence of a bounded on R ₊ and stabilizing solution for this class of systems of Riccati type differential equations is equivalent to the solvability of a control-theoretic problem, namely disturbance attenuation problem.

If the coefficients of the considered system are theta;-periodic functions then the stabilizing solution is also theta;-periodic and if the coefficients are asymptotic almost periodic functions, then the stabilizing solution is also asymptotic almost periodic and its almost periodic component is a stabilizing solution for a system of Riccati type differential equations defined on the whole real axis. One proves also that the existence of a stabilizing and bounded on R ₊ solution of a system of Riccati differential equations with indefinite sign is equivalent to the existence of a solution to a corresponding system of matrix inequalities. Finally, a minimality property of the stabilizing solution is derived.     

A semigroup approach to the Gnedenko system with single vacation of a repairman

We investigate the Gnedenko system with one repairman who can take vacations. Our main focus is on the time asymptotic behaviour of the system. Using C ₀-semigroup theory for linear operators we first prove the well-posedness of the system and the existence of a unique positive dynamic solution given an initial value. Then by analysing the spectral distribution of the system operator and taking into account the irreducibility of the semigroup generated by the system operator we show that the dynamic solution converges strongly to the steady state solution. Thus we obtain asymptotic stability of the dynamic solution.     

Anisotropic torsional creep problems involving rapidly growing differential operators

The asymptotic behaviour of the sequence of positive solutions for a family of torsional creep-type problems involving anisotropic rapidly growing differential operators is studied in a bounded domain from the Euclidian space ${\mathbb{R}}^N$. We prove that the sequence of solutions converges uniformly on the domain to a certain distance function defined in accordance with the anisotropy of the problem.     

L'équation de Poisson et les noyaux de Green associés à un opérateur différentiel singulier sur R+

We consider a class ℳ of singular differential operators on the half line and ⋆ the convolution on ℝ₊. associated with L ε ℳ. If μ(≠ ɛ₀) is a probability measure on ℝ₊, we study the asymptotic behaviour of the solution of both Poisson equations Lu = −ƒ and (μ. − ɛ₀) ⋆ u = −ƒ where ƒ ε C_k(ℝ₊) is given. The results follow from a more general study on the precise asymptotic behaviour of the Green kernel of the convolution semigroups associated with L.     

Numerical iterative method for Volterra equations of the convolution type

The objective of this paper is to present an algorithm from which a rapidly convergent solution is obtained for Volterra integral equations of Hammerstein type. Such equations are often encountered when describing the response of viscoelastic materials where the time dependency of the material properties is often expressed in the form of a convolution integral. Frequently, singularity is encountered and often ignored when dealing with the constitutive equations of viscoelastic materials. In this paper, the singularity is incorporated in the solution and the iterative scheme used to solve the equation converges within six iterations to a typical toleration error of 10^?5. The algorithm is applied to the strain response of a polymer under impulsive (constant) loading and the results show excellent correlation between the experimental and analytical solution. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analytic integrability of the Bianchi class A cosmological models with 0 ⩽ k < 1

Many works study the integrability of the Bianchi class A cosmologies with k = 1, where k is the ratio between the pressure and the energy density of the matter. Here we characterize the analytic integrability of the Bianchi class A cosmological models when 0 ⩽ k < 1. We conclude that Bianchi types VI₀, VII₀, VIII and IX can exhibit chaos whereas Bianchi type I is not chaotic and Bianchi type II is at most partially chaotic.     

Kasner-Like Behaviour for Subcritical Einstein-Matter Systems

Confirming previous heuristic analyses à la Belinskii-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz, it is rigorously proven that certain "subcritical" Einstein-matter systems exhibit a monotone, generalized Kasner behaviour in the vicinity of a spacelike singularity. The D-dimensional coupled Einstein-dilaton-p-form system is subcritical if the dilaton couplings of the p-forms belong to some dimension-dependent open neighborhood of zero [1], while pure gravity is subcritical if D S 11 [13]. Our proof relies, like the recent Theorem [15] dealing with the (always subcritical [14]) Einstein-dilaton system, on the use of Fuchsian techniques, which enable one to construct local, analytic solutions to the full set of equations of motion. The solutions constructed are "general" in the sense that they depend on the maximal expected number of free functions.     

Extra regularity for parabolic equations with drift terms

We consider a parabolic equation with a drift term u+bu–u_t=0. Under some natural conditions on the vector valued function b, we prove that solutions possess extra regularity and better qualitative behavior than those provided by standard theory. For example, we show that the fundamental solution has global Gaussian upper bound even for some b with a large singularity in the form of c/|x|. We also show that bounded solutions are Hölder continuous when |b|² is just form bounded and divergence free, a case where not even continuity is expected. A Liouville type theorem is also proven.     

Analysis of Velázquez’s solution to the mean curvature flow with a type II singularity

Velázquez in 1994 used the degree theory to show that there is a perturbation of Simons’ cone, starting from which the mean curvature flow develops a type II singularity at the origin. He also showed that under a proper time-dependent rescaling of the solution around the origin, the rescaled flow converges in the C⁰ sense to a minimal hypersurface which is tangent to Simons’ cone at infinity. In this paper, we prove that the rescaled flow actually converges locally smoothly to the minimal hypersurface, which appears to be the singularity model of the type II singularity. In addition, we show that the mean curvature of the solution blows up near the origin at a rate which is smaller than that of the second fundamental form.     

Positive solutions of quasilinear parabolic systems with nonlinear boundary conditions

The aim of this paper is to investigate the existence, uniqueness, and asymptotic behavior of solutions for a coupled system of quasilinear parabolic equations under nonlinear boundary conditions, including a system of quasilinear parabolic and ordinary differential equations. Also investigated is the existence of positive maximal and minimal solutions of the corresponding quasilinear elliptic system as well as the uniqueness of a positive steady-state solution. The elliptic operators in both systems are allowed to be degenerate in the sense that the density-dependent diffusion coefficients Di(ui) may have the property Di(0)=0 for some or all i. Our approach to the problem is by the method of upper and lower solutions and its associated monotone iterations. It is shown that the time-dependent solution converges to the maximal solution for one class of initial functions and it converges to the minimal solution for another class of initial functions; and if the maximal and minimal solutions coincide then the steady-state solution is unique and the time-dependent solution converges to the unique solution. Applications of these results are given to three model problems, including a porous medium type of problem, a heat-transfer problem, and a two-component competition model in ecology. These applications illustrate some very interesting distinctive behavior of the time-dependent solutions between density-independent and density-dependent diffusions.     

Asymptotic behavior for nonlocal dispersal equations

This paper is concerned with the existence and asymptotic behavior of solutions of a nonlocal dispersal equation. By means of super-subsolution method and monotone iteration, we first study the existence and asymptotic behavior of solutions for a general nonlocal dispersal equation. Then, we apply these results to our equation and show that the nonnegative solution is unique, and the behavior of this solution depends on parameter λ in equation. For λ≤λ₁(Ω), the solution decays to zero as t→∞; while for λ>λ₁(Ω), the solution converges to the unique positive stationary solution as t→∞. In addition, we show that the solution blows up under some conditions.     

Asymptotic behaviour of global smooth solutionsto the multidimensional hydrodynamic model for semiconductors

In this paper, we study asymptotic behaviour of the global smooth solutions to the multidimensional hydrodynamic model for semiconductors. We prove that the solution of the problem converges to a stationary solution time asymptotically exponentially fast. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Incompressible non‐Newtonian fluids: time asymptotic behaviour of weak solutions

We study the asymptotic behaviour in time of incompressible non‐Newtonian fluids in the whole space assuming that initial data also belong to L¹. Firstly, we consider the weak solution to the power‐law model with non‐zero external forces and we find the asymptotic behaviour in time of this solution in the same class of existence and uniqueness with p?. Secondly, we are interested in the asymptotic behaviour of weak solutions to the second grade model, and finally, we deal with the asymptotic behaviour in time of weak solutions to a simplified model of viscoelastic fluids of the Oldroyd type. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Phénomène d’explosion totale pour l’équation de la chaleur avec non-linéarité du type puissance

In this Note, we are interested in the possible continuation after the blow-up time T_m of radially symmetric positive classical solutions u of the heat equation with nonlinearity f(u) = u^p, where p > 1. We say that u blows up completely after T_m if u can not be extended beyond T_m (even in the weak sense). We obtain a complete blow up criterion which relies on the asymptotic behaviour of u around the blow-up singularity x = 0.     

The Spherical Harmonic Spectrum of a Function with Algebraic Singularities

The asymptotic behaviour of the spectral coefficients of a function provides a useful diagnostic of its smoothness. On a spherical surface, we consider the coefficients $a_{l}^{m}$ of fully normalised spherical harmonics of a function that is smooth except either at a point or on a line of colatitude, at which it has an algebraic singularity taking the form ?? ^p or |????? ₀| ^p respectively, where ?? is the co-latitude and p>?1. It is proven that each type of singularity has a signature on the rotationally invariant energy spectrum, $E(l) = \sqrt{\sum_{m} (a_{l}^{m})^{2}}$ where l and m are the spherical harmonic degree and order, of l ^?(p+3/2) or l ^?(p+1) respectively. This result is extended to any collection of finitely many point or (possibly intersecting) line singularities of arbitrary orientation: in such a case, it is shown that the overall behaviour of E(l) is controlled by the gravest singularity. Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the results. We discuss the generalisation of singularities on lines of colatitude to those on any closed curve on a spherical surface.     

The Self-Focusing Singularity in the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

Under certain circumstances, solutions of the cylindrically symmetric nonlinear Schrödinger equation collapse to a singularity in a finite time. An asymptotic series for the solution near the singularity is derived here. At leading order, the central amplitude of the spike grows like[(log Δt)/Δt]^1/2, where Δt is the time remaining to the appearance of the singularity.     

Global Behaviour of Solutions of Nonlinear Delay Difference Equations*

In this paper global asymptotic stability and asymptotic behaviour of solutions of nonlinear delay difference equations has been studied and a few sets of sufficient conditions for global asymptotic stability are derived.