神经红蛋白突变体(F28Y,F106Y)的构建、 表达与表征

构建了神经红蛋白F28Y, F106Y的两种突变体, 并进行了表达、 纯化和谱学表征. 电喷雾质谱表明突变体蛋白的分子量与理论值一致. 氧化型和还原型F28Y及F106Y的紫外 可见吸收光谱与野生型相似, 仅氧化型F28Y的Soret 带有2 nm的蓝移, 说明这两种突变体蛋白仍保持六配位形式. F28Y的荧光最大发射峰明显红移(340 nm→347 nm), 表明其荧光基团更加暴露于极性环境中. 圆二色光谱表明, 突变体蛋白的α 螺旋含量降低且F28Y产生了β 折叠, 这是由于F28相对于F106则位于疏水腔外部且更加接近于溶剂表面所致. 热稳定性顺序为NGB>F28Y>F106Y, F106Y最不稳定, 是因为其与血红素间存在着较强的疏水作用, 突变使F106与血红素间的作用力减弱, 从而导致血红素在热变性条件下更容易从蛋白中解离出来.     

含杀菌、吸附双功能基棉纤维的制备与性能

化学改性;吸附剂;杀菌剂;含杀菌、吸附双功能基棉纤维的制备与性能     

温度、pH双响应嵌段共聚物的合成与表征及其对蚕丝的改性

以2-溴代异丁酸乙酯为引发剂,Cu Br/PMDETA为催化体系,通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)方法,合成了寡聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯与丙烯酸叔丁酯的嵌段共聚物(PMEO2MA-b-Pt BA);通过水解脱去共聚物中丙烯酸叔丁酯嵌段上的叔丁基,使丙烯酸叔丁酯嵌段转化为丙烯酸嵌段,得到寡聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯与丙烯酸的嵌段共聚物(PMEO2MA-b-PAA).通过溶液透光率和动态光散射(DLS)等方法,表征了合成得到的嵌段共聚物的温敏性能和p H响应性,发现嵌段共聚物在24~30℃,p H=4~8的范围内发生亲水性性质转变.以二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)为缩合剂,在4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)的催化下使PMEO2MA-b-PAA上的羧基与蚕丝上的氨基发生缩合反应,从而令共聚物接枝到蚕丝上,通过接触角和回潮率的测试发现改性后的蚕丝在28~42℃具温敏性,较共聚物的转变温度有所升高,其转变温度随p H的增大而上升.     

含Janus粒子组装体的构筑、调控及功能的模拟与理论分析

Janus粒子由于其表面性质与形状特征的不对称性而展现出独特的力学、光学、电学、磁学和表面两亲性能,在构筑复杂组装结构及设计新型功能材料方面有着广阔的应用前景.本文主要从计算机模拟与理论分析的角度,结合相关实验体系,系统地总结了目前对含Janus粒子组装体的体系构筑、结构调控及材料功能等的相关研究进展.从Janus粒子自组装结构的精确构筑与动态响应性、界面结构的熵驱调控、非平衡组装动力学及含Janus粒子组装体功能的模拟与预报等4个方面,详细阐述了Janus粒子的复杂多级组装结构及其背后蕴含的热力学与动力学的机理,并介绍了一系列基于含Janus粒子组装体的聚合物基复合材料独特的功能及其潜在应用.在此基础上,指出合理设计Janus粒子的非对称性质以及巧妙调控组装体内的熵、焓平衡,是控制其多级组装结构,进而开发相应新型功能材料的关键,并对Janus粒子未来的理论和模拟研究趋势进行了展望.     

基于壳聚糖物理网络的高强韧双网络水凝胶的构建、调控与应用

双网络水凝胶由两个具有相反物理性质的交联网络构成,硬而脆的第一网络在变形过程中断裂耗散能量,从而增韧凝胶.当第一网络为具有重建能力的物理网络时,双网络水凝胶表现出优异的抗软化和机械稳定性.目前双网络水凝胶第一物理网络类型单一、结构和力学调控繁琐,因而其开发和应用受到限制.针对上述问题,作者发展了硬而脆的壳聚糖物理网络构...     

猴金属硫蛋白突变体(N4C, T27C, N4C/T27C)的构建、表达与结构性质研究

在哺乳动物金属硫蛋白的61或62个氨基酸残基中,有20个十分保守的Acysteines,它们通常结合7个二介后过渡金属离了如ZN2+和Cd2+[1,2]等,并形成两个结构域[3],在N-端B-donain[M(I)3-Cys9]的中,3个二价后过渡金属离子均以两上端基巯基和两个桥基巯的相同方式与肽链上的半胱氨酸配位,而在C-端的a-domain[M(I)-Cys11]配位方式分为两类;两上二价后过渡金属离子分别与3个桥基巯基和1个端基配位,另两个二价后过渡金属的配位方式与中的相似,金属硫蛋白在一级序列上最显著的特征是存在多个片段,其中X是非半胱氨酸氨基酸残基[1,7].     

Ring-restricted N-nitrosated rhodamine as a green-light triggered,orange-emission calibrated and fast-releasing nitric oxide donor

Locking the N-nitrosamine coplanar with the fluorophore facilitates photo-triggered NO release.     

A practical synthesis of sarpogrelate hydrochloride and in vitro platelet aggregation inhibitory activities of its analogues

<正>A convenient approach for the preparation of sarpogrelate hydrochloride was developed.Two series of sarpogrelate hydrochloride analogues were designed and synthesized in order to improve their platelet aggregation inhibitory activities, biological tests suggested that these compounds have platelet aggregation inhibitory activities to some extent.     

Structure and Synthesis of Simulansamide,a Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor from Zanthoxylum Simulans

Simulansamide, isolated from the root bark of Zanthoxylum simulans, shows strong inhibition of platelet aggregation. The structure of this compound was deduced from spectral data and verified by synthesis.     

重组人细胞红蛋白的表达纯化及谱学表征

以可溶性和包涵体两种形式表达纯化得到了重组人细胞红蛋白, 并比较了其谱学特征和热稳定性. 可溶性蛋白经硫酸铵分级沉淀, 再依次经Hiprep 16/10 Q FF阴离子交换柱、Hiload16/60 Superdex 75 凝胶过滤柱和 CM Sepharose FF 阳离子交换柱纯化, 得到电泳纯的包涵体蛋白; 包涵体蛋白经盐酸胍变性溶解、外加血红素重组和柱层析得到了电泳纯的可溶性蛋白. 电喷雾质谱表明, 以这两种形式得到的蛋白分子量相差153.0, 紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱和圆二色光谱均表明, 这两种形式的蛋白在血红素构象上存在差异, 其热稳定性也不相同.     

Simulation of micro-behaviors including nucleation,growth, and aggregation in particle system

A new method for the solution of population balance equations (PBE) describing the micro-processes such as nucleation, growth, aggregation of particle swarms in a multiphase system is proposed. The method is based on the fixed pivot moment and allows arbitrary number of moments to be tracked simultaneously. By expressing PBEs for both batch and continuous operations in a general form, and using weighted residual method to derive the moment equations, different moments can be tracked directly. The numerical density function is assumed to be a summation of several weighted Dirac Delta functions, and the integral and derivative terms in PBEs are transformed to a summation in order to reduce computational cost. Simulations of a batch nucleation-growth process and a continuous aggregation-growth process have demonstrated good agreement with the corresponding analytical solutions, with relative errors less than 10⁻⁸%. Simulation of a combined nucleation-growth-aggregation process, which does not have an analytical solution, is also included, so as to reproduce the micro-behaviors of such a complex system, demonstrating the feasibility and reliability of this method. Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB720208), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40675011 and 10872159) and Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China (Grant No. 200707)     

水稻谷胱甘肽磷脂氢过氧化物酶的表达、纯化及晶体生长条件初筛

将水稻PHGPx(OsPHGPx)的编码序列克隆到表达载体pGEX-6P-1上, 并转化为大肠杆菌进行表达. 通过GST亲和层析、离子交换层析和凝胶过滤层析, 制备了可用于晶体学研究的OsPHGPx, 其纯度超过95%, 具备明显的PHGPx活性. 质谱显示OsPHGPx的精确分子量为19642.5553, 与理论分子量基本一致. OsPHGPx在多个晶体生长条件下出现微晶. 三维结构同源建模显示 OsPHGPx的结构为硫氧还蛋白折叠形式.     

Construction of a Laccase Chimerical Gene: Recombinant Protein Characterization and Gene Expression via Yeast Surface Display

The ERY4 laccase gene from Pleurotus eryngii was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the recombinant laccase resulted to be not biologically active. This gene was thus modified to obtain chimerical enzymes derived from the substitution of N–, C– and both N- and C-terminal regions with the corresponding regions of Ery3 laccase, another laccase isoform of P. eryngii. The chimerical isoform named 4NC3, derived from the substitution of both N- and C-terminal regions, showed the best performances in terms of enzymatic activities, affinities for different substrates and stability at a broad range of temperatures and pHs. The chimerical 4NC3 laccase isoform was displayed on the cell surface of S. cerevisiae using the N-terminal fusion with either the Pir2 or the Flo1 S. cerevisiae proteins as anchor attachment sequence. Immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blot analyses confirmed the localization of 4NC3 on the yeast cell surface. The enzyme activity on specific laccase substrates revealed that 4NC3 laccase was immobilized in active form on the cell surface. To our knowledge, this is the first example of expression of a chimerical fungal laccase by yeast cell display.     

Pore Structure Simulation of Gels with a Binary Monomer Size Distribution

The pore size distribution in silica gels can be tailored by the addition of silica soot particles during the gel formation. We introduce a numerical model in order to simulate the structure of this “composite gel”. The algorithm is based on Diffusion-Limited Cluster-Cluster Aggregation model with an initial binary distribution of monomer sizes. The textural properties of the simulated gels are calculated using a simple triangulation method. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiments show that with the powder addition the mean pore size is shifted towards larger pore size and the specific surface area decreases. Numerical results of the mean pore size, specific surface area, and particles are in good agreement with experimental data. Because of these textural properties this new type of gels and aerogels has larger permeability and interesting properties as host matrix. The composite gels and the numerical model could also be helpful to simulate the natural allophanic gel found in volcanic soils.     

Expression,Purification, and Characterization of a Recombinant Methionine Adenosyltransferase pDS16 in Pichia pastoris

Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT, EC2.5.1.6) catalyzes the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) using l-methionine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as substrates. The mutant MAT pDS16 was obtained through DNA shuffling previously in our lab. Overexpression of pDS16 in Pichia pastoris led to about 65 % increase of MAT activity and SAM accumulation, compared with the strain overexpressing Saccharomyces cerevisiae MAT gene SAM2. Different strategies were tested to facilitate the expression and purification of pDS16. However, addition of the hexahistidine tag to pDS16 was shown to decrease the enzyme activity, and the yeast α-factor signal sequence could not effectivley direct the secretion of pDS16. The intracellular pDS16 was purified by a simple two-step procedure combining an ion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Protein purity was verified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to be 93 %, with the specific activity of 1.828 U/mg. Two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed pI of ～5.5. The purified enzyme followed Michaelis kinetics with a Km of 1.72 and 0.85 mM, and Vmax of 1.54 and 1.15 μmol/min/mg for ATP and L-methionine, respectively. pDS16 exhibited optimal activity at pH 8.5 and 45 °C with the requirement of divalent cation Mg²⁺ and was slightly stimulated by the monovalent cation K⁺. It showed an improved thermostability, about 50 % of the enzyme activity was retained even after preincubation at 50 °C for 2 h.