On Orbits of Functions of the Volterra Operator

We study asymptotic properties of certain functions of the Volterra integral operator V in L ^p [0, 1] (1 ≤ p ≤ ∞). We also prove the Ritt property under minimal spectral assumptions for some functions of V in L ²[0, 1].     

Fredholm and regularity theory of Douglis–Nirenberg elliptic systems on {\mathbb{R}^{N}}

We give a fairly complete exposition of the Fredholm properties of the Douglis–Nirenberg elliptic systems on ${\mathbb{R}^{N}}$ in the classical (unweighted) L ^p Sobolev spaces and under “minimal” assumptions about the coefficients. These assumptions rule out the use of classical pseudodifferential operator theory, although it is indirectly of assistance in places. After generalizing a necessary and sufficient condition for Fredholmness, already known in special cases, various invariance properties are established (index, null space, etc.), with respect to p and the Douglis–Nirenberg numbers. Among other things, this requires getting around the problem that the L ^p spaces are not ordered by inclusion. In turn, with some work, invariance leads to a regularity theory more general than what can be obtained by the method of differential quotients.     

Threshold phenomena for symmetric decreasing solutions of reaction-diffusion equations

We study the long time behavior of solutions of the Cauchy problem for nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations in one space dimension with the nonlinearity of bistable, ignition or monostable type. We prove a one-to-one relation between the long time behavior of the solution and the limit value of its energy for symmetric decreasing initial data in L ² under minimal assumptions on the nonlinearities. The obtained relation allows to establish sharp threshold results between propagation and extinction for monotone families of initial data in the considered general setting.     

An extension of Weyl Schouten Theorem for Lipschitz and <Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis><Superscript>2</Superscript> manifolds

In this article, we extend the Weyl Schouten Theorem for a C ^0,1 ∩ W ^2,2 manifold only under the assumptions on scalar curvature. Also we obtain a regularity of a C ^0,1 ∩ W ^2,2 manifold by conformal transformation under some assumptions on Weyl curvature and scalar curvature.     

Almost-Schur lemma

Schur’s lemma states that every Einstein manifold of dimension n?≥ 3 has constant scalar curvature. In this short note we ask to what extent the scalar curvature is constant if the traceless Ricci tensor is assumed to be small rather than identically zero. In particular, we provide an optimal L ² estimate under suitable assumptions and show that these assumptions cannot be removed.     

A monotone iterative technique for stationary and time dependent problems in Banach spaces

An abstract monotone iterative method is developed for operators between partially ordered Banach spaces for the nonlinear problem Lu=Nu and the nonlinear time dependent problem u^′=(L+N)u. Under appropriate assumptions on L and N we obtain maximal and minimal solutions as limits of monotone sequences of solutions of linear problems. The results are illustrated by means of concrete examples.     

Regularity for some scalar variational problems under general growth conditions

We consider integrals of the calculus of variations over a set Ω of ? ⁿ , and the related regularity result: are the minimizers smooth functions, say for example of classC ^∞(Ω)? Classically, the so-called natural growth conditions on the integrand have been the main sufficient assumptions for regularity. In recent years, motivated also by application, the interest in the study of this problem has increased under more general growth assumptions. In this paper, we propose some general growth conditions that guarantee regularity for a class of scalar variational problems.     

A system of functions

A system of functions $$f_k (x) = \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^r a _i \varphi _\iota (x)^k + b_i \overline {\varphi _\iota } (x)^k , k = 1,2,...$$ is considered on the interval [0,l]. Under certain conditions on the? _i(x), it is proved that the system 1 ∪ {f_k(x)} _k=1 ^∞ is complete in the space L_p(0,l). In the case r=1 it is proved, under certain additional assumptions, that the system {f_k(x)} _k=0 ^∞ is minimal.     

Cutting the Same Fraction of Several Measures

We study some measure partition problems: Cut the same positive fraction of d+1 measures in ? ^d with a hyperplane or find a convex subset of ? ^d on which d+1 given measures have the same prescribed value. For both problems positive answers are given under some additional assumptions.     

Positive solutions for one-dimensional p-Laplacian boundary value problems with dependence on the first order derivative

This paper presents sufficient conditions for the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions to the one-dimensional p-Laplacian differential equation (?p^′(u^′))+a(t)f(u,u^′)=0, subject to some boundary conditions. We show that it has at least one or two or three positive solutions under some assumptions by applying the fixed point theorem.     

L p -pinching and the geometry of compact Riemannian manifolds

We prove a Harnack-type inequality inf|S|/sup|S|>1?ε(W, M, V) satisfied by the sections of a Riemannian vector bundleW lying in the kernel of a Schrödinger operator ∨*∨+V underL ^p -pinching assumptions on the potentialV and derive various topological and geometric consequences. For instance, we prove a fibration theorem which gives a classification of almost non-negatively curved compact manifolds by the first Betti number. In the case of almost non-positively curved compact manifolds, we prove that the minimal volume must vanish whenever the isometry group is not finite and give conditions implying that it is abelian.     

Categoricity in hyperarithmetical degrees

We obtain, under certain assumptions, necessary and sufficient conditions for a recursive structure to be Δ⁰_α-categorical. This is done using the author's α-systems to construct suitable Δ⁰_α+1 functions. We show how these results may be applied, for example, to superatomic Boolean algebras.     

A generalized distance and enhanced Ekeland’s variational principle for vector functions

We propose a definition of lower closed transitive relations and prove the existence of minimal elements for such a relation. This result is shown to contain probably a large part of existing versions of Ekeland’s variational principle (EVP). We introduce the notion of a weak τ-function p as a generalized distance and use it together with the above result on minimal elements to establish enhanced EVP for various settings, under relaxed lower semicontinuity assumptions. These principles conclude the existence not only of p-strict minimizers of p-perturbations of the considered vector function, but also p-sharp and p-strong minimizers. Our results are proved to be stronger than the classical EVP and many generalizations in the literature, even in the usual one-dimensional case, by numerous corollaries and examples. We include equivalent formulations of our enhanced EVP as well.     

Dirichlet operators: A priori estimates and uniqueness problems II

We study some basic properties of the Dirichlet operator in weighted L^p$L^p$ spaces. We work under rather general assumptions on weights that destroy minimal local Sobolev regularity of the form domain.     

Comparison principles for viscosity solutions of elliptic equations via fuzzy sum rule

A comparison principle for viscosity sub- and super-solutions of second order elliptic partial differential equations is derived using the “fuzzy sum rule” of non-smooth calculus. This method allows us to weaken the assumptions made on the function F when the equation F(x,u,Du,D²u)=0 is under consideration.     

Quadratic residues and non-residues for infinitely many Piatetski-Shapiro primes

In this paper, we prove a quantitative version of the statement that every nonempty finite subset of N+ is a set of quadratic residues for infinitely many primes of the form [nc] with 1 ≤ c ≤243/205. Correspondingly, we can obtain a similar result for the case of quadratic non-residues under reasonable assumptions. These results generalize the previous ones obtained by Wright in certain aspects.     

On the extremals of a functional in space

We study the problem on the existence of extremals with given boundary conditions for the functional I(l) = ∫ ₀ ¹ (px′ ² + qy′ ² + rz′ ²)^1/2 dt under various assumptions about the functions p, q, r ∈ C ¹(R ³).     

Convergence of FBP algorithm for tomography

Filter back-projection (FBP) algorithms are available and extensively used methods for tomography. In this paper, we prove the convergence of FBP algorithms at any continuous point of image function, in L ²-norm and L ¹-norm under the certain assumptions of image and window functions of FBP algorithms.     

Limit theorems for finite dams

Limit distributions are given for both the dam content at time n and the limiting dam content in the n^th dam, as n tends to infinity, for a sequence of finite dams in discrete time, under assumptions which correspond to the various cases of heavy traffic in queueing theory. The proof employed is an application of the theory of weak convergence of probability measures.     

Harnack inequality and regularity for degenerate quasilinear elliptic equations

We prove Harnack inequality and local regularity results for weak solutions of a quasilinear degenerate equation in divergence form under natural growth conditions. The degeneracy is given by a suitable power of a strong A _∞ weight. Regularity results are achieved under minimal assumptions on the coefficients and, as an application, we prove C ^1,α local estimates for solutions of a degenerate equation in non divergence form.