Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation XIX. The reaction of perfluoroalkyl iodides and perfluoroalkanesulfonyl bromides with conjugated dienes

Perfluoroalkyl iodides reacted with conjugated dienes in aqueous acetonitrile solution in the presence of sodium dithionite at room temperature to give dimerization products, whereas, perfluoroalkanesulfonyl bromides reacted with conjugated dienes to form 1,4-adducts under actinic irradiation.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 VI.带极性取代基的伯碘代全氟烷的亚磺化脱碘

本文研究了取代基对亚磺化脱碘反应的影响,带极性取代基的碘代全氟烷I(CF~2)~nO(CF~2)~2-SO~3Na(1a～1c, n=2,4,6)、I(CF~2)~nOCF~2CO~2Na(2a～2b,n=2,4)、I(CF~2)~2O(CF2)2SO~2K(3)及I(CF~2)~4OCF~2CONH~2(4)于水溶液中在温和条件下可与连二亚硫酸钠进行亚磺化脱碘反应,生成相应取代的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐NaO~2(CF~2)~nSO~3O(CF2)2Na(5a～5c,n=2,4,6)、NaO~2S(CF~2)~2-OCF~2CO~2Na(6a～6b,n=2,4)、NaO~2S(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~2SO~2K(7)及NaO~2(CF~2)~4OCF~2CONH2(8).这些亚磺酸盐均可按常规方法转化成相应取代的磺酰氯,从而提供了合成带这些取代基的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐及磺酸等衍生物的方便途径。     

Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation: IX. Synthesis and reaction of secondary perfluoroalkyl iodides

Several derivatives of secondary perfluoroalkyl iodides such as CF₃CFI(CF₂)₂O(CF₂)₃SO₂F (3), CF₃CFI(CF₂),O(CF₂)₂SO₃Na (4), CF₃CFI(CF₃)_n Cl (n=2, 7a; n=4, 7b) and CF₃(CF2)₂-OCFICF₃ (8) were synthesized using known methods, their reaction with sodium dithionite was studied and various olefins were added into the reaction system as radical traps to yield the 1:1 radical adducts.     

亚磺化脱卤研究IX.仲碘代全氟烷的合成及其反应研究

合成了仲碘代全氟烷衍生物CF~3CFI(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~2SO~2F(3),CF~3(CFI(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~2SO~3Na(4),CF~3CFI(CF~2)~nCl(7an=2,7bn=4)及CF~2(CF~2)~3OCFICF~3(8),研究了它们与连二亚硫酸钠的反应,并用烯烃作为自由基截捕剂加入反应体系中,得到了1:1仲碘代全氟烷与各类烯烃的加成物.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 VII. 全氟碘代烷与SO~3^-的反应

全氟碘代烷R~FI[R~F=CF~3(CF~2)~5(1a);H(CF~2)~4(1b);H(CF~2)~8(1c);Cl(CF~2)~6(1d);Cl(CF~2)~8(1e)Cl(CF~2)~8(1f);;NaO~3S(CF~2)~20(CF~2)~2(1g);NaO~3S(CF~2)~2O(CF~2)~4(1h)]及α,ω-二碘化物I(CF~2)~nI[n=4(1i);n=6(1j)]与Ce^4^+-亚硫酸氢钠于70℃左右、pH3～4的溶液中反应,形成相应的全氟烷基亚磺酸盐,产率70～85%。全氟氯代烷和全氟溴代烷在同样条件下未能发生反应。     

Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation:The reaction of polyfluoroalkyl iodides and bromides with sodium bisulfite

Without oxidant, sodium bisulfite reacted with polyfluoroalkyl iodides and bromides in aqueous DMF solution to give the corresponding sulfinates in good yields.     

亚磺化脱卤研究IV全氟伯溴代烷及α,ω-二溴代烷的亚磺化脱溴反应

应用相转移催化或加入共溶剂的技术,全氟伯溴代烷及α,ω-二溴代烷均可在水溶液中与Na2S2O4-NaHCO2反应,生成相应的全氟亚磺酸盐及二亚磺酸盐,产率66-97%。     

Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation: XVI. Sodium dithionite-initiated addition of perfluoroalkyl iodides to terminal alkynes

Reaction of perfluoroalkyl iodides with a series of alkynes under sulfinatodehalogenation condition gave a mixture of E/Z adducts very readily in high yield, thus constituted a mild, convenient and effective new method for the addition of perfluoroalkyl iodides to alkynes. Under the same condition, in the presence of 1-hexyne perfluoroalkyl bromide and 1,1,1-trichlorotrifluoroethane reacted only to give sulfinates as the major products. A radical mechanism was proposed for the addition reaction.     

Practical and efficient synthesis of perfluoroalkyl iodides from perfluoroalkyl chlorides via modified sulfinatodehalogenation

A novel two-step one pot synthesis of perfluoroalkyl iodides (α,ω-diiodoperfluoroalkanes) from perfluoroalkyl chlorides (α-chloro-ω-iodoperfluoroalkanes) has been developed by initial conversion to the corresponding sodium perfluoroalkanesulfinates with sodium dithionite and then subsequent oxidation by iodine.     

Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation: IV. The sulfinatodebromination of primary perfluoroalkyl bromides and perfluoroalkylene α, ω-dibromides

Using PTC or cosolvent, both perfluoroalkyl bromides such as Br (CF₂)₂O(CF₂)₂SO₂Na ( 1 ), Br(CF₂)₂OCF₂CO₂H ( 2 ), Cl(CF₂)₄Br ( 3 ), Cl(CF₂Br ( 4 ), n-C₆F₁₃Br ( 5 ), n-C₈F₁₇Br ( 6 ), H(CF₂)₈Br ( 7 ), α, ω-dibromides O(CF₂CF₂Br)₂ ( 8 ), Br(CF₂)₆Br ( 9 ) and Br(CF₂)₈Br ( 10 ) reacted readily with Na₂S₂O₄ in the presence of NaHCO₃ in aqueous solution to form the corresponding perfluoroalkane sulfinates NaO₂S(CF₂)₂O(CF₂)₂SO₂Na ( 11 ), NaO₂S(CF₂)₂OCF₂CO₂Na ( 12 ), Cl(CF₂)₄SO₂Na ( 13 ), Cl(CF₂)₂SO₂Na ( 14 ), n-C₃F₁₃SO₂Na ( 15 ), n-C₈F₁₇SO₂Na ( 16 ), H(CF₂)₈SO₂Na ( 17 ), α, ω-disulfinates O(CF₂CF₂SO₂Na)₂ ( 18 ), NaO₂S(CF₂)₄SO₂Na ( 19 ) and NaO₂S(CF₂)₈SO₂Na ( 20 ) in 66—97% yields. To this new and general reaction of perfluoroalkyl bromides, the name sulfinatodebromination is proposed.     

Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation: XVIII. The reaction of perfluoroalkyl iodides with α-methylene cyclic ethers

Perfluoroalkyl iodides reacted with various α-methylene oxacycloalkanes in the presence of sodium dithionite to give ring opening adducts. The reaction provided an efficient method for the syntheses of polyfunctional organofluorine compounds.     

The sulfinatodehalogenation of primary polyfluoroalkyl iodides by sodium sulfite

Polyfluoroalkyl iodides, such as Cl(CF2)nI(n=4, 6, 8, 1b-1d) and F(CF2)nI (n=6, 8,1e-1f) reacted with sodium sulfite in neutral aqueous DMF solution to give the corresponding sulfinates Cl(CF2)nSO2Na (n=4, 6, 8, 2b-2d) and F(CF2)nSO2Na (n=6, 8, 2e-2f) in moderate yields. I(CF2)2O(CF2)2SO2F ( la ) reacted under the same condition to give 3-oxa-octafluoropentane-1,5-disulfinates (2a).     

Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation: III. The sulfinatodeiodination of primary perfluoroalkyl iodides and α,ω-perfluoroalkylene diiodides by sodium dithionite

Using P. T. C. or cosolvents, both perfluoroalkyl iodides such as Cl(CF₂),_nI (n=2, 4, 6, 1a-1c), H(CF₂)₈I (1d), CF₃(CF₂)_nI (n=3, 5, 7, 1e-1g), and α. ω-perfluoroalkylene diiodides such as (ICF₂CF₂)₂O (4a), I (CF₂)_nI (n=6, 8, 10, 4b-4d) reacted smoothly with sodium dithionite in aqueous solution under mild conditions to give the corresponding perfluoroalkanesulfinates Cl(CF₂)_nSO₂Na (n=2, 4, 6, 2a-2c), H(CF₂)₈SO₂Na (2d), CF₃(CF₂)nSO₂Na (n=3, 5, 7, 2e-2g), α, ω-perfluoroalky-lenedisulfinates O (CF₂CF₂SO₂K)₂ (5a), and KO₂S(CF₂)_nSO₃K (n=6, 8, 10, 6b-6d) in moderate to high yields. These sulfinates were converted to the corresponding sulfonyl chlorides by reacting with chlorine in the usual way. Thus the discovery of the new reagent renders sulfinatodeiodination a practical method for the synthesis of perfluorosulfinic and perfluorosulfonic acids and their derivatives from the corresponding perfluoroalkyl iodides.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 X: 全氟及多氟溴代烷的反应研究

本文报道溴代全氟烷和α,ω-二溴代全氟烷在亚磺化脱卤反应体系中与烯烃的反应及其与相应的碘代全氟烷的区别. 合成了全氟仲溴代烷CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO2F(7), 它与烯烃反应可得到1:1的加成物. 7的水解产物CF3CFBrOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO3Na(11)与连二亚硫酸钠反应只得到氢化脱溴产物. 多氟溴化物CF3CBr2X(13X=F; 14X=Cl; 15X=Br)经亚磺化脱溴可得到相应的亚磺酸钠盐CF3CBrXSO2Na(16X=F; 17X=Cl; 18X=Br), 其中间体多氟烷自由基可用烯烃捕集, 得到高产率的1:1加成产物.     

Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation: VIII. Sodium dithionite-initiated perfluoroalkyl radical addition on double bond

Perfluoroalkyl iodides reacted with sodium dithionite by radical process to give sulfinatodeiodination products, so it seems possible to trap the intermediary perfluoroalkyl radical chemically. Alkenes were added as the radical trap and the radical addition products of perfluoroalkyl iodides with alkenes were obtained. The products were 1:1 adducts or oligomers, varying according to the nature of alkenes used. The formation and the orientation of the addition of these products showed that radicals did take part in the reaction. The relative reactivity of addition reaction and sulfinatodeiodination and the effect of inhibitor on the reaction was also discussed.     

Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation. XXVIII. The addition of polyfluoroalkyl iodides to olefins initiated by sodium disulfite

Polyfluoroalkyl iodides reacted with olefins in aqueous DMF solution of sodium disulfite under mild conditions to give the corresponding 1:1 adducts in good yields, providing a convenient polyfluoroalkylation method. This indicated that R_F. radicals were formed in the reaction of polyfluoroalkyl iodides and sodium disulfite. A SET mechanism is proposed for the sulfinatodehalogenation reaction of sodium disulfite.     

Studies on sulfinatodehalogenation: The addition of polyfluoroalkyl iodides to olefins promoted by sodium bisulfite and sodium sulfite

The reaction of polyfluoroalkyl iodides with alkenes or 4-pentenoic acid promoted by sodium bisulfite or sodium sulfite in DMF aqueous solution was realized. The reaction of alkenes gave corresponding adducts, while γ-lactones were obtained in the case of 4-pentenoic acid in good yields.     

全氟碘代烷的光溴化

全氟溴代烷(R_FBr,下同)曾应用为灭火剂和X射线造影剂.为了研究R_FBr进行脱溴亚磺化反应的可能性,促使我们探索R_FBr的新合成方法.经典的合成方法主要为Hunsdiecker反应,最近我们发展了从全氟亚磺酸盐合成R_FBr的方法.文献曾记载R_FI热溴化制取R_FBr,本文报道全氟碘代烷的光溴化反应用于合R_FBr.     

亚磺化脱卤研究 VIII, 连二亚硫酸钠引发的全氟烷自由基对双键的加成

碘代全氟烷与连二亚硫酸钠进行的亚磺化脱碘反应具有自由基反应的特征,从而提供了用化学方法截捕全氟烷自由基中间体的可能性,我们用烯烃作为自由基截捕剂,得到了碘代全氟烷与烯烃的自由基链式反应产物,由不同烯烃可得到1:1的加成物或调聚物,本文对加成反应与亚磺化脱碘反应的关系及阻聚剂对反应的影响进行了探讨。     

亚磺化脱卤研究III.全氟伯碘代烷及a,w-全氟伯碘代烷在连二亚硫酸钠作用下的亚磺化脱碘反应

应用相转移催化和加入共溶剂的技术,全氟碘代烷如Cl(CF2)2I(1a)、Cl(CF2)4I(1b),Cl(CF2)6I(1c),H(CF2)8I(1d),C4F9I(1e),C6F13I(1f),C8F17I(1g)及α,ω-全氟二碘代烷如(ICF2CF2)2O(3a),I(CF2)6I(3b),I(CF2)8I(3c),I(CF2)10I(3d)等均可与连二亚硫酸钠水溶液在温和的条件下发生亚磺化脱碘反应,生成全氟亚磺酸盐Cl(CF2)2SO2Na(2a),Cl(CF2)4SO2Na(2b),Cl(CF2)6SO2Na(2c),H(CF2)8SO2Na(2d),C4F9SO2Na(2e),C6F13SO2Na(2f),C8F17SO2Na(2g)及O(CF2CF2SO2K)255a),KO2S(CF2)6SO2K(5b),KO2S(CF2)8SO2K(5c),KO2S(CF2)10SO2K(5d)全氟α,ω-二亚磺酸钠易潮解,均转化为相应的钾盐。这些亚磺酸盐均可用常规方法氯化成对应的磺酰氯,从而提供了由全氟碘代烷、二碘代烷制备全氟亚磺酸盐、二亚磺酸盐及全氟磺酸,二磺酸及衍生物的一种实用方法。