用空间滤波实时调节编码相位片的假彩色

用空间滤波可以实时调节光栅编码相位片的假彩色.本文讨论了它的原理并介绍了实验方法.     

颜色可调假彩色化新方法

本文提出一种颜色可调的密度假彩色编码的新光学方法.该方法是在光学相位调制密度假彩色编码方法的基础上,利用白光系统中双光栅的衍射效应和狭缝滤波技术,实现颜色可调的密度假彩色编码.给出了详细的理论分析,实验验证和实验结果.实践证明这是一种实用价值很高的方法.     

实时彩色编码微分干涉

在光栅谱衍射干涉法的基础上,本文提出用色散效应产生的相位体微分干涉条纹,进行实时假彩色编码的原理.编码色与相位梯度间具有直接对应的周期性变化关系.分析了编码色为单谱线纯色,高纯度混色和艳色的条件,讨论了光栅参数的选择.首先实现了微分干涉条纹的真正彩色化.     

光栅编码相位型图像的假彩色化

本文提出一种黑白图像假彩色化的方法。它仅用一张黑白图片经光栅一次编码处理,将振幅型编码图像转换为相位型编码图像,就可在白光信息处理系统的输出面上获得等密度的假彩色图像。此方法经用于遥感图像、天文照片、电子显微镜照片等的处理均取得了较好的效果。     

一种新的体视假彩色显微镜成像机理分析

提出一种新的体视假彩色显微镜实时显示装置;利用部分相干光成像理论,分析了该装置的体视假彩色成像机理.分析结果表明：非相干光入射时,在一定条件下,假彩色像反映了输入物函数相位变化率分布的情况. 关键词：     

X射线光栅相位成像的理论和方法

通过对X射线光栅相位衬度成像实验装置的理论分析,提出了光栅位移曲线的表达式,推导出了X射线光栅相位衬度成像方程.根据该成像方程,提出了基于光栅成像相位提取方法.这些理论结果将简化光栅相位衬度成像实验步骤,提高信息获取效率,并为X射线光栅相位衬度成像和计算机断层成像的结合,进一步提出光栅相位衬度CT的简化理论奠定基础. 关键词： X射线 相位衬度成像 光栅衍射 Talbot效应     

透射式矩形相位光栅的衍射光谱分析

提出了一种计算透射式矩形相位光栅衍射场的简便方法,计算并分析了透射式矩形相位光栅的衍射光谱,给出了相位光栅的衍射光谱与光栅材料的折射率、光栅厚度和入射波长的关系,得到了把衍射光能量集中到1级光谱的条件;并在相位光栅的应用方面作了探讨.     

光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔的腔、栅边缘特性分析

把组成光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔的两个光纤光栅的初相位纳入了讨论范围,用耦合波方程推导了任意初相位下光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔的透射和反射率的表达式.其中的相位因子包含了由光传播常数调制的腔长、光纤光栅的相位突变、光纤光栅仞相位和由光纤光栅空间频率涮制的光栅长度等四部分.分析了光纤光栅初相、由光栅空间频率调制的光栅长度两个因子对反射谱的影响,并提出了一种把光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔等效为理想法布里-珀罗腔的方法.     

用矩形光栅作X—射线片的密度假彩色编码

由于彩色图片比黑白图片易于识别,所以,黑白图像的假彩色合成受到很大的注意。黑白图像的假彩色编码主要有两类技术,即按空间频率的编码和按密度的编码。目前,己有人研制成多种光学假彩色编码技术。^[1-4]利用白光系统作黑白图像的假彩色编码有其独特的优点。它不需要贵重的多色激光器,没有激光引起的散斑噪声,色彩鲜明。本文阐述了用矩形光栅作x—射线片密度假彩色编码的理论与实验。从频谱分析的观点出发,分析了用矩形光栅对图形进行编码时,它的高级谱所形成的像,与其零级谱所形成的像对比度相反的原理。^[5]解释了实现对比度反转的条件.给出了在白光系统中,对x—射线胸片和细胞切片编码的结果。     

光栅投影测量系统中的相位误差校正算法

依据光栅图像的相位单调增长特性,提出了一种基于最小二乘法的单调光顺算法进行光栅相位误差校正。详细分析了光栅图像的相位单调特性和相位误差,以光栅图像相位的单调性为约束条件,改进了传统的最小二乘拟合方法,对绝对相位图进行相位误差校正。实验结果表明,该方法降低了投影仪伽马非线性造成的相位误差,误差减少60%以上,校正后的绝对相位具有光滑性良好的优点。     

Spatial frequency pseudo-coloring with binary filters

Spatial frequency pseudo-coloring is performed by simply inserting a binary filter in the Fourier plane of a spatially coherent, white light optical processing system. The range of encoded spatial frequencies can be extended by using multiple filters or by using sampled input objects.     

θ调制多光谱照相中可见光与红外图像融合的研究

针对θ调制多光谱照相技术，提出了一种基于小波变换的图像融合及假彩色化新方法，其特点是使用改进的加权平均法融合可见光波段解码图像与红外图像的小波分解低频分量，以局部能量差为测度标准融合高频分量，将融合的图像在RGB空间合成假彩色图像.理论分析和实验结果表明该方法具有良好的融合性能和假彩色效果.     

基于叠栅的Bragg光纤光栅综合方法的研究

提出一种新的光纤光栅综合方法，将Bragg光纤光栅的层剥离综合算法与光纤叠栅理论结合起来，层剥离综合算法根据需要的反射谱计算出光纤光栅的折射率分布，用多个带切趾函数的光纤叠栅来拟合这个折射率分布，通过改变各叠栅中的相关参数，可以得到适合需要的反射谱，相对误差一般小于4.0%。该方法具有简单、快速、易于实现的特点。     

刻线误差与面型误差对平面光栅光谱性能影响的二维快速傅里叶变换分析方法

光栅刻线误差与基底面型误差影响平面光栅衍射波前、分辨本领、鬼线、卫线及杂散光等光谱性能,研究光栅性能指标与光栅刻线误差及基底加工误差之间的因果关系,对提高光栅质量极为重要。根据光栅衍射中产生的源于刻线误差与面型误差的光程差,推导出了在光栅锥面衍射情况下的光栅刻线误差、基底面型误差、入射角θ、衍射级次m与衍射波前关系的数学表达式,得到构建非理想光栅衍射波前的理论模型。以理论模型为依据,采用干涉仪测量光栅对称级次衍射波前,实现在测量结果中对光栅刻线误差与基底面型误差的分离,并基于二维快速傅里叶变换分析光栅衍射波前,考察了刻线误差与面型误差对光栅性能指标的影响。借助此方法通过重构的光栅衍射波前,分析光栅分辨本领、鬼线等光谱性能,还可以反演光栅全表面刻线误差与面型误差的大小,为光栅基底加工、光栅制造和使用技术提供理论依据。     

Modulation grating achieved by two interfered femtosecond laser pulses on the surface of the silica glass

Modulation grating has been achieved by two interfered femtosecond laser pulses on the surface of the silica glass. The modulation grating formed at the middle of each bulge of the common grating and was attributed to the higher-order modulation arising from second-harmonic generation (SHG) of the femtosecond laser pulse incident to the surface of silica glass. The periods and depths of the fundamental grating and the modulation grating have been observed by using an atomic force microscopy (AFM). Experimental results show that the average depth of the modulation grating is nearly a half of the depth of the fundamental grating.     

光栅扫描光谱仪参数的研究

光栅扫描光谱仪的入射光线和出射光线的方向是固定的,在光栅转动下进行分光,这与光栅不动而入射光方向改变的分光方法不同。由光栅方程出发,计算出电脑自动控制多光栅转动的光谱仪测试系统的角色散率、线色散率和分辨本领,得出光栅扫描光谱仪的角色散率、线色散率和分辨本领等参数公式。所得结果与光栅不动而入射光方向改变的光谱仪的角色散率、线色散率和分辨本领不同。这为光栅扫描光谱仪的使用和研究提供了理论依据。     

Modal analysis of deep-etched low-contrast two-port beam splitter grating

Modal analysis of a deep-etched low-contrast two-port beam splitter grating under Littrow mounting is presented. The guideline for the design of a subwavelength transmission fused-silica phase grating as high-efficiency grating, polarizing beam splitter (PBS), and two-port beam splitter, is summarized. As an example, a polarization-independent two-port beam splitter grating is designed at wavelength of 1064 nm. We firstly analyzed the physical essence of the grating by the simplified modal method. The guideline for the grating design and the approximate grating parameters are obtained. Then using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) with parameters varying around the approximate ones, optimum grating parameters can be determined. With the design guideline, the time for the rigorous calculation of the grating profile parameters can be reduced significantly.     

Theory of laser-induced amplitude and phase gratings including photoselection,orientational relaxation and population kinetics

The generation of amplitude and phase gratings in an absorbing medium is discussed, including the effects of light polarization, population kinetics and orientational relaxation. A theory is given which describes light diffraction by a combination of an amplitude and a phase grating. It is shown that the coherent coupling effect in transient absorption measurements is solely due to the amplitude grating. Weak absorption and a low triplet yield favour diffraction of the probing beam by the phase grating in triple-beam experiments. Phase grating experiments can be performed with highly soluble absorber dyes, the absorption maximum of which is far away from the laser wavelength. Due to photoselection, diffraction by an amplitude grating depends on the polarization of the probing beam while phase grating diffraction is insensitive to this. Perpendicular polarization of the two exciting pulses prevents the buildup of a phase grating and results in light diffracted by the amplitude grating that is proportional to the transient dichroism signal as known from the common absorption relaxation.     

Design of aberration-corrected flat-field holographic concave grating by parameter optimization

Based on the aberration theory of concave grating [1], [2], [3], a method to design aberration-corrected flat-field holographic concave gratings by parameter optimization is introduced. And the influence of different parameters such as the incident angle, effective grating grooves and grating radii on the aberrations at diffracted order ?1 is discussed. The results indicate that for a concave grating working in a given spectral range, we can correct aberrations by optimizing the incident angle. In addition, flat-field holographic concave gratings with higher resolution and lower aberration can also be designed by choosing the effective grating grooves and larger grating radius properly.