肋板系肋的抗扭刚度对抗弯刚度的贡献

本文从理论上对肋板系肋的抗扭刚度对抗弯刚度的贡献给以证明.它使文献[1]采用的正交构造异性板刚度的实用算法有了依据.尤其无内横肋的肋板系桥跨计算时,需计入该贡献.     

钢丝绳抗弯刚度的测定

利用钢索张力测力传感器测定钢丝绳抗弯刚度,导出钢丝绳抗弯刚度的计算公式,其计算结果与实测值及文［１］的结果相吻合．采用抗弯刚度的计算公式同时可计算出钢丝绳的张力．     

钢筋混凝土空心板的计算

本文介绍钢筋混凝土空心板在集中荷载作用下的内力计算。钢筋混凝土空心板系各向异性板,其内力计算较为繁琐。当D_xD_y=(2D_(xy)+D_1)~2时,本文方法将各向异性板的弹性曲面微分方程转为各向同性板,从而求解板的弯矩,较为方便。计算值与实测值相比,符合程度较好。     

跑鞋纵向抗弯刚度调整对青少年下肢生物力学影响的研究

探讨青少年跑者在不同纵向抗弯刚度(longitudinal bending stiffness, LBS)跑鞋条件下进行跑步运动时的下肢生物力学参数变化。选取10名有一定训练基础的约13周岁青少年跑者,年龄(13.5±0.6)岁;身高(166.3±1.9) cm;体质量(50.8±3.1) kg;足长(25.4±0.2) cm,分别选用3种LBS不同的跑鞋(低刚度鞋：5.0 N·m;中刚度鞋：6.3 N·m;高刚度鞋：8.6 N·m)进行跑步运动生物力学综合测试,通过VICON三维运动捕捉系统和AMTI三维测力台同步采集受试者下肢反光标记点轨迹和地面反作用力,分析比较不同LBS跑步支撑期的下肢关节角度、峰值力矩、关节功率和做功变化。在3种不同LBS条件下,中刚度鞋和高刚度鞋的髋关节屈伸活动度显著小于低刚度鞋;高刚度鞋的跖趾关节屈伸活动度显著小于低刚度鞋与中刚度鞋;矢状面上,中刚度鞋和高刚度鞋的髋关节峰值力矩显著小于低刚度鞋;低刚度鞋与中刚度鞋的踝关节峰值力矩显著小于高刚度鞋;中刚度鞋和高刚度鞋的跖趾关节峰值力矩显著小于低刚度鞋。中刚度鞋和高刚度鞋髋关节做正功和负功显著小于低刚度鞋;中刚...     

基于等效刚度的矩形孔蜂窝梁钢框架结构内力计算方法

蜂窝梁钢框架结构因梁截面沿长度周期性变化,不能直接采用普通钢框架结构矩阵位移法计算框架内力和位移．本文基于等效刚度法推导了矩形孔蜂窝梁的等效抗弯刚度、抗剪刚度和轴向刚度,建立了矩形孔蜂窝梁的单元刚度方程,提出了矩形孔蜂窝梁钢框架内力和位移计算方法．算例理论计算结果与有限元分析结果表明,两种方法计算结果非常接近．本文提出的等效刚度法概念清晰,准确性好,适用于计算蜂窝梁钢框架结构的内力和位移．     

基于梁连续抗弯刚度与小波变换的结构损伤识别方法研究

为了解决基于小波变换系数难以识别结构边缘损伤的问题,以及试验中损伤对周边的影响导致小波系数难以精确定位损伤位置的问题,提出了基于梁连续抗弯刚度与小波变换的结构损伤位置识别方法。该方法结合梁结构连续抗弯刚度与小波系数边缘的特点,在未知无损梁结构振动参数的情况下,能有效识别出梁结构边缘损伤且能准确定位试验中梁结构的损伤,通过损伤梁的数值模拟与试验证明了该方法的正确性。     

基于三维接触有限元分析的管片等效抗弯刚度和错台研究

针对盾构隧道管片接头等效抗弯刚度预测研究中,对梁-弹簧与三维模型整体等效性考虑的不充分,以三维接触有限元计算结果作为测量信息,借助基于挠度等效的反问题求解,提出了一种确定管片接头等效抗弯刚度的新方法;并利用不同轴力-偏心距组合下的反演结果,建立了基于Kriging代理模型的轴力-弯矩-等效抗弯刚度的非线性关系,提出了由此关联的管片结构非线性问题的数值求解方法。与三维有限元结果相比,所提方法可较为准确地预测管片结构的内力和变形,表现出良好的整体等效性。此外,借助三维接触有限元分析,进一步深入探讨了螺栓孔间隙与衬垫本构关系对管片纵向错台量的影响。     

计算圆板大振幅非线性振动频率的平均刚度法

本文用平均刚度法研究圆板大振幅非线性振动的频率问题，导出了相应的非线性广义特征值方程，构造了一种避免发散并能加速收敛的加权平均迭代法，计算结果与Ｋａｎｔｏｒｏｖｉｃｈ时间平均法的解十分吻合。     

大跨度悬索桥索股抗弯刚度对锚跨张力测试精度的影响研究

为研究索股抗弯刚度对张力测试精度的影响,基于能量法推导了计入索股抗弯刚度和忽略索股抗弯刚度影响的悬索桥锚跨索股在两端铰接时索股张力和自振频率的关系,考虑到悬索桥索股边界条件的复杂性,结合动平衡法得出了索股在一端铰接一端弹性支承时索股张力与自振频率之间的相关表达式。通过算例,对所得表达式的精度及有效性进行了验证,结果发现索股的抗弯刚度对索股张力控制精度的影响较大。工程应用研究则表明,索股抗弯刚度对测试精度的影响,主要由索股张力产生的应力刚度与索股抗弯刚度之间的比值决定;锚跨索股边界条件的不确定性,对控制精度也产生较大影响,施工锚跨张力控制过程中,结合提出的最小二乘法,能有效地解决该问题,并能大幅提高索股张力控制精度。     

复合材料加筋板铺层优化设计的等效弯曲刚度法

借助于等效弯曲刚度法和遗传算法,建立了一种复合材料加筋板铺层顺序优化设计算法.等效弯曲刚度法基于层合板的弯曲刚度与其失稳载荷一一对应的关系,将任意铺层顺序的层合板等效成一个只有8层的对称铺层的辅助层合板,通过优化辅助层合板,得到层合板的最优弯曲刚度参数,最后以获得的最优弯曲刚度参数为约束应用遗传算法进行铺层顺序优化,获...     

Damage detection method in complicated beams with varying flexural stiffness

A damage detection method for complicated beam-like structures is proposed based on the subsection strain energy method (SSEM), and its applicability condition is introduced. For a beam with the continuously varying flexural stiffness and an edge crack, the SSEM is used to detect the crack location effectively by numerical modal shapes. As a complicated beam, the glass fiber-reinforced composite model of a wind turbine blade is studied based on an experimental modal analysis. The SSEM is used to calculate the damage index from the measured modal parameters and locate the damage position in the blade model successfully. The results indicate that the SSEM based on the modal shapes can be used to detect the damages in complicated beams or beam-like structures for engineering applications.     

对称角铺设复合材料层合梯形板振动分析的一种有效方法

本文给出了对称角铺设复合材料层合梯形板振动特性分析的一种有效方法，可方便地处理具有内部点支承及各种边界支承时矩形、平行四边形、三角形、等腰梯形与非等腰梯形层合板的横向弯曲振动问题．     

桁架板等效刚度分析

桁架材料的连续介质等效模型的研究已有相当基础,而工程中桁架材料往往以类板结构形式出现,其变形表现出明显的弯曲特征。将类板桁架材料采用弯曲板模型模拟,研究合理的方法确定等效板模型的刚度具有重要意义。本文在基于Kirchhoff假定的小挠度薄板弹性理论框架下,研究了类板桁架材料的等效弯曲薄板模型,提出了确定薄板模型等效刚度的基于Dirichlet位移边界条件的代表体元法,给出了确定各刚度系数所对应的代表体元的边界位移形式。具体计算了几种典型形式桁架板的等效刚度,并采用有限元离散模型和实验技术分析了桁架板在一定的边界约束和荷载作用下的响应,并与等效板模型的分析结果进行了对比。结果表明,在响应分析中,具有等效刚度的薄板模型可准确模拟类板桁架材料;连续介质板等效刚度计算的积分法不能给出准确的桁架板等效刚度,而基于Dirichlet位移边界条件的代表体元法获得的等效板的刚度具有很高的精度。     

Effective bending stiffness for plates with microcracks

Summary In this paper, micromechanics methods are applied to characterize the damage of plate structures, both Love-Kirchhoff and Reissner-Mindlin plates, due to microcrack distribution. Analytical expressions for effective stiffness of a damaged plate with distributed microcracks are derived for the first time. The results are compared with the results based on continuum damage theory, and it is found that there are significant differences between the two. It is well known that constitutive relations at the structural level, e.g. curvature/moment relation, and shear/transverse strain relation, are fundamentally different from the constitutive relation at the material level, i.e. stress/strain relations. This is because a priori kinematic assumptions in engineering structural theories pose additional constitutive constraints on the relationships between stress resultant/couple and strain measures. The newly derived effective stiffness formulae for various plates reflect such constitutive constraints, and therefore are consistent with engineering plate theories. They provide an alternative means in structure designs and structure damage evaluations.The work is supported by an Junior Faculty Research Fund (BURNL-07427-11503-EGSLI) to Professor Shaofan Li provided by the senate committee on research of University of California at Berkeley. The authors would like to thank the referees of AAM helpful comments and suggestions.     

Scattering of flexural waves and dynamic stress concentrations in Mindlin's thick plates with a cutout

Using the complex variable method and conformal mapping, scattering of flexural waves and dynamic stress concentrations in Mindlin's thick plates with a cutout have been studied. The general solution of the stress problem of the thick plate satisfying the boundary conditions on the contour of cutouts is obtained. Applying the orthogonal function expansion technique, the dynamic stress problem can be reduced into the solution of a set of infinite algebraic equations. As examples, numerical results for the dynamic stress concentration factor in Mindlin's plates with a circular, elliptic cutout are graphically presented in sequence. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Large amplitude free flexural vibrations of laminated composite skew plates

Here, the large amplitude free flexural vibration behaviors of thin laminated composite skew plates are investigated using finite element approach. The formulation includes the effects of shear deformation, in-plane and rotary inertia. The geometric non-linearity based on von Karman's assumptions is introduced. The non-linear governing equations obtained employing Lagrange's equations of motion are solved using the direct iteration technique. The variation of non-linear frequency ratios with amplitudes is brought out considering different parameters such as skew angle, number of layers, fiber orientation, boundary condition and aspect ratio. The influence of higher vibration modes on the non-linear dynamic behavior of laminated skew plates is also highlighted. The present study reveals the redistribution of vibrating mode shape at certain amplitude of vibration depending on geometric and lamination parameters of the plate. Also, the degree of hardening behavior increases with the skew angle and its rate of change depends on the level of amplitude of vibration.     

DUAL RECIPROCITY BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD FOR FLEXURAL WAVES IN THIN PLATE WITH CUTOUT

The theoretical analysis and numerical calculation of scattering of elastic waves and dynamic stress concentrations in the thin plate with the cutout was studied using dual reciprocity boundary element method (DRM). Based on the work equivalent law, the dual reciprocity boundary integral equations for flexural waves in the thin plate were established using static fundamental solution. As illustration, numerical results for the dynamic stress concentration factors in the thin plate with a circular hole are given. The results obtained demonstrate good agreement with other reported results and show high accuracy.     

An analysis on characteristic of magnetoelasticity of a magnetic field microsensor made of cantilevered plates with ferromagnetic films

The purpose of this paper is to study the magnetomechanical characteristic of a microsensor which is composed of a cantilevered beam-plate with ferromagnetic films in order to measure the magnetic field from the deformation of plate when the microsensor is located in the magnetic field. To this end, a numerical approach made up of the finite element method for magnetic field and the finite difference method for deflection of the microsensor is proposed to perform the numerical analysis of deflection under magnetoelastic interaction. Some quantitative results of a case study for the magnetoelastic characteristic between the magnetic field and deflection of the microsensor in the magnetic field are given. The results show that this microsensor can be used not only to measure the magnitude of magnetic intensity, but also to possibly monitor the direction of the vector of the magnetic field. The project supported by the NNSFC(No. 19772014), the China National Foundation for Outstanding Young Researchers(No. 19725207), and Foundation for University Key Teacher by the Ministry of Education of China.     

Analytical solution of rectangular plate with in-plane variable stiffness

The bending problem of a thin rectangular plate with in-plane variable stiffness is studied. The basic equation is formulated for the two-opposite-edge simply supported rectangular plate under the distributed loads. The formulation is based on the assumption that the flexural rigidity of the plate varies in the plane following a power form, and Poisson’s ratio is constant. A fourth-order partial differential equation with variable coefficients is derived by assuming a Levy-type form for the transverse displacement. The governing equation can be transformed into a Whittaker equation, and an analytical solution is obtained for a thin rectangular plate subjected to the distributed loads. The validity of the present solution is shown by comparing the present results with those of the classical solution. The influence of in-plane variable stiffness on the deflection and bending moment is studied by numerical examples. The analytical solution presented here is useful in the design of rectangular plates with in-plane variable stiffness.