色谱／质谱联用技术分析测定贻贝中的多环芳烃

介绍了ＧＣ－ＭＳ联用技术－物质征离子选择法测定贻贝中多环芳烃的分析方法，并就定性定量离子的选择，以及方法的准确度和精密度进行了探讨。结果表明，本方法适用于海洋生物贻贝，牡蛎中ＰＡＨｓ的分析测定。     

利用GC/MS测定海洋中贻贝、牡蛎体内的多环芳烃

应用毛细管柱气相色谱／质谱（GC／MS）联用技术对贻贝,牡蛎体内的几种多环芳烃含量进行了分析研究,贻贝,牡蛎样品经超声提取,层析分离后,由GC／MS测定,采用选择性离子检测模式,定性,定量检出了几种多环芳烃。     

钛合金光谱分析用标准物质的均匀性检验

介绍钛合金光谱分析用标准物质均匀性检验的抽样、测试、检验及判断方法。钛合金光谱分析用标准物质中碳和铝的均匀性检验结果表明此两种元素在试样中的分布是均匀的。该方法已应用于钛合金光谱分析用标准物质的研制过程中。     

丙酮中除虫脲溶液标准物质研制

采用重量-容量法制备丙酮中除虫脲溶液标准物质。准确称量国家二级标准物质除虫脲溶解到色谱纯丙酮中,通过A级容量瓶定容至500 mL,摇匀后分装到2 mL安瓿瓶内共460瓶,每瓶为1 mL,保持低温迅速封口,配制过程中室温保持在(20±2)℃。采用液相色谱法进行均匀性、稳定性检验和定值结果验证。从样品中随机抽取16瓶进行均匀性检验,经F检验表明,在95%的置信区间范围内该标准物质均匀性良好;采用t检验对标准物质稳定性进行检验,标准物质在12月内稳定性良好。对该标准物质的不确定度进行了评定,研制的丙酮中除虫脲溶液标准物质定值结果为100μg/mL,相对扩展不确定度为2%(k=2)。结果表明,该标准物质均匀性与稳定性良好,量值准确,可用于日常分析检测中的方法评价和仪器校准。     

氢化可的松纯度标准物质的研制

介绍纯度标准物质氢化可的松的研制方法.采用高效液相色谱法对该标准物质进行了定值及均匀性、稳定性检验.该标准物质定值结果为99.5%,扩展不确定度为0.2%,其均匀性和稳定性检验结果表明,该标准物质符合国家一级标准物质的技术要求.     

GC-MS-MS法测定土壤中的16种多环芳烃

采用GC-MS-MS测定土壤中16种多环芳烃,分析测定时间为50 min左右。GC-MS-MS具有高选择性、高灵敏度,对于痕量物质分析在干扰物质存时也能分析良好。方法检出限为0.0004~0.002mg.Kg-1,添加三个不同浓度水平标准做方法回收率,在72.3%~103.2%。相对标准偏差均低于16.5%。适合于土壤中多环芳烃的分析测定。     

电力变压器油中溶解气体分析用标准物质的研制

采用称量法制备了电力变压器油中溶解气体分析用气体标准物质,分别用F检验和回归曲线法对研制的标准物质进行了均匀性和稳定性检验。结果表明,研制的电力变压器油中溶解气体分析用标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,标准物质定值结果为5 000μmol/mol,定值结果的相对扩展不确定度为1%(k=2)。该标准物质可用于电力部门变压器油中溶解气体的分析及测试。     

空气中偏二甲肼气体标准物质的研制

采用称量法制备空气中偏二甲肼气体标准物质,分别用F检验和回归曲线法对研制的标准物质进行均匀性和稳定性检验。结果表明,研制的空气中偏二甲肼气体标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,定值结果分别为10,500μmol/mol,定值结果的相对扩展不确定度为2%(k=2)。该标准物质可用于偏二甲肼报警器的检定或校准。     

液相色谱仪检定用甲醇中胆固醇标准物质的研制

采用重量–容量法制备了液相色谱检定用200μg/m L的甲醇中胆固醇标准物质,分别用F检验和回归曲线法对研制的标准物质进行了均匀性和稳定性检验,对定值结果的不确定度进行了评定。结果表明,研制的甲醇中胆固醇标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,定值结果的相对扩展不确定度为2%(k=2)。该标准物质可用于液相色谱仪示差折光检测器、蒸发光散射检测器的检定。     

甲醇中微量水分标准物质的研制

用无水甲醇试剂研制了甲醇中微量水分标准物质,对研制的标准物质量值进行了均匀性和稳定性检验。结果表明,该标准物质均匀性良好,其量值在一年内无显著变化,具有较好的稳定性。采用与国家一级标准物质比较法进行定值,研制的甲醇中微量水分标准物质的定值结果为0.103%,相对扩展不确定度为3%(k=2)。该标准物质满足卡尔·费休水分测定仪检定校准的要求。     

Preparation and certification of two freshwater sediments certified reference materials for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Two freshwater sediments certified reference materials (CRMs) for 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been developed by the Institute for Environmental Reference Materials (IERM) of Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) in China. The methodology for preparing the CRMs of PAHs in sediments is described in this paper. The collected natural sediment samples were air-dried, ground, homogenised, packed, sterilised and tested on stability and homogeneity. Homogeneity results showed that the between-unit variation was confirmed to be below 4.5% for each compound. Stability was assessed after storage of samples for 16 months at temperature less than 30°C and in shade. The certification of the natural sediment matrix CRMs for PAHs was based on the agreement of results using different analytical techniques including gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) by no less than eight collaborating laboratories including IERM. Results of the homogeneity showed that the calculated u_bb′ was 0.9–2.5% for environmental river standard-4 (ERS-4) and 9–2.3% for environmental lake standard-1 (ELS-1), whereas stability results of total 16 PAHs indicated that the calculated u_rel,lts was 4.2% for ERS-4 and 2.2% for ELS-1. Certified values of 16 PAHs in ERS-4 varied from 8.5 to 167 μg/kg and ranged from 0.036 to 2.8 mg/kg in ELS-1.The good comparability, together with the independent confirmation of the assigned mass fraction by using different methods, confirmed that the CRMs are suitable for the method validation and quality control in soil or sediments analysis.     

硬质聚氯乙烯氧指数标准物质的研制

研制硬质聚氯乙烯(硬质PVC)氧指数标准物质。对制备技术、均匀性检验、稳定性考察及定值不确定度进行了分析。研制的硬质PVC标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,定值数据呈正态分布,各实验室数据等精度。硬质PVC标准物质氧指数标准值为43．6％,扩展不确定度为0．7％。     

Preparation of a reference mussel tissue material for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace metals determination

Due to high cost of certified reference materials (CRMs), reference materials (RMs) are preferred to check the method performance in environmental analysis. In this work, a laboratory reference material (LRM) was prepared and characterised to carry out the quality control in monitoring analysis of eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nine trace metals in mussel tissue. Mussels were collected in a naturally polluted area. Before the reference material was bottled, the mussel tissue was stabilised by freeze-drying, ground and sieved. For the material characterisation, several statistical tests were applied to check the homogeneity of the analytes in the tissue, and a stability test was performed to study the effect of the storage temperature in the analyte concentration. Other characteristics such as specific density, moisture and lipid contents as well as particle size distribution of the material were determined. Although the LRM had a homogeneous distribution for all PAHs and almost all metals, the stability study showed different results at both storage temperatures studied. For both PAHs and trace metals, the material was suitable to assure the quality control of the analysis.     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯氧指数标准物质的研制

介绍聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯氧指数标准物质的研制过程：对标准物质的制备技术、均匀性检验、稳定性考察及定值和不确定度进行了逐项分析。采用本体聚合的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯板材直接加工制备标准物质,标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,定值准确可靠,标准值为17．9％,扩展不确定度为0．28％。     

Preparation of artificially spiked soil with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for soil pollution analysis.

To confirm the method for preparing artificially spiked soil with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), we tested the homogeneity of PAHs in spiked soils, which were prepared by three different procedures, by using kaolin and ando soil. When the slurry of kaolin and acetone containing PAHs were evaporated by a rotary evaporator at 30 - 35 degrees C, the most homogeneous distribution of PAHs was obtained in the spiked soil. This procedure was applied to the preparation of PAH-spiked soil for natural soil (ando soil). Such spiked soils can be useful as the standard materials for standardization of the analytical methods for PAHs in the soil and sediment samples.     

稀土矿石成分分析标准物质的研制

介绍两种稀土矿石成分分析标准物质的研制过程。采用X射线荧光光谱法检验标准物质的均匀性和稳定性，标准物质的均匀性和稳定性良好。由8家具有权威性的测试单位协同定值及对数据进行数理统计，确定了该标准物质的标准值及标准偏差。     

白菜汁中3种酰胺类除草剂候选标准样品的制备与定值方法研究

向浓缩白菜汁中添加乙草胺、丁草胺、甲草胺3种酰胺类除草剂的混和标准溶液,搅拌均匀并分装后对其进行均匀性检验,在-18℃冷冻保存下进行稳定性检验。经F检验结果表明,研制的候选标准样品均匀性良好;通过直线模型验证标准样品的稳定性,结果表明在冷冻保存条件下,标准样品中除草剂含量在半年内是稳定的。对研制的标准样品进行了定值,并对定值结果的不确定度进行了评定。     

Preparation and evaluation of sufficiently homogeneous and stable reference materials for priority hazardous substances in whole water

We have prepared and evaluated three whole water test materials containing eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), six polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and tributyltin (TBT) with respect to homogeneity and short-term stability. The test materials were used as samples in two inter-laboratory comparisons. The materials were composed of natural mineral water and model suspended particulate matter (SPM) containing the target compounds at ng L^?1 levels. The expanded uncertainty of the estimated mass concentrations in the final test materials was obtained by combining contributions from the homogeneity, the stability and the model SPM characterization. The whole water materials were sufficiently homogeneous and stable at 4 °C for their intended use. In total, 12 out of 15 investigated target parameters could be assessed to be present with a relative combined expanded uncertainty below 25 %. The outcome of the two inter-laboratory comparisons confirmed the good quality of the test materials and the level of uncertainties associated with the estimated mass concentrations. These findings are an important contribution towards the development of whole water matrix reference materials certified for PAH, PBDE and TBT in support of the Water Framework Directive of the European Union.     

An aniline-based fiber coating for solid phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A fiber coating from polyaniline (PANI) was electrochemically prepared and employed for solid phase microextraction (SPME) of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from water samples. The PANI film was directly electrodeposited on the platinum wire surface in sulfuric acid solution using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. The applicability of this coating was assessed employing a laboratory-made SPME device and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the extraction of some PAHs from the headspace of aqueous samples. Application of wider potential range in CV led to a PANI with more stability against the temperature. The homogeneity and the porous surface structure of the film were examined by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study revealed that this polymer is a suitable SPME fiber coating for extracting the selected PAHs. Important parameters influencing the extraction process were optimized and an extraction time of 40 min at 40 degrees C gave maximum peak area, when the aqueous sample was added with NaCl (20%, w/v). The synthesis of the PANI can be carried out conveniently and in a reproducible manner while it is rather inexpensive and stable against most of organic solvents. The film thickness of PANI can be precisely controlled by the number of CV cycles. The resulting thickness was roughly 20 microm after 20 cycles. At the optimum conditions, the relative standard deviation (RSD) for a double distilled water spiked with selected PAHs at ppb level were 8.80-16.8% (n = 3) and detection limits for the studied compounds were between 0.1-6 pg mL(-1). The performance of PANI was, also, compared with a commercial solid coated-based SPME fiber, carbowax/divinylbenzene (CW/DVB), under similar experimental conditions.     

22种水质监测用标准物质的研制

介绍22种水质监测用标准物质的研制过程。结果表明,该22种标准物质的均匀性、稳定性良好,定值准确、可靠、满足实际工作需求。