Platinum(IV) and palladium(II) thiosemicarbazide and thiodiamine complexes: A spectral and antibacterial study

Platinum(IV) and palladium(II) complexes [Pt(L)₂Cl₂] and [Pd(L)Cl₂], [where, L?=?1,1-diphenyl-2-thiosemicarbazide (L¹) and (1,1-diphenyl-2-thio)-1,3-propanediamine (L²) have been synthesized. The thiosemicarbazides and thiodiamines exist as the thione-thiol tautomer and coordinate as a bidentate N-S ligand. The ligands are monobasic bidentate. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, mass, electronic and 1H NMR spectroscopic studies. In vitro antibacterial studies have also been carried out for some complexes.     

Palladium(II) thiohydrazone complexes: synthesis,spectral characterization and antifungal study

Palladium(II) complexes of type [Pd(L)Cl₂] [where, L?=?benzaldehyde-1,1-diphenyl-2-thiohydrazone (L¹), salicylaldehyde-1,1-diphenyl-2-thiohydrazone (L²), acetaphenone-1,1-diphenyl-2-thiohydrazone (L³) and cyclohexanone-1,1-diphenyl-2-thiohydrazone (L⁴)] have been synthesized. The thiohydrazones can exist as thione-thiol tautomers and coordinate as a bidentate N–S ligand. The ligands are found to be monobasic bidentate. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, mass, electronic, ¹H NMR spectroscopic studies. In vitro antifungal studies against fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger for some complexes have also been carried out.     

Platinum(IV) complexes with N-alkylphenothiazines: synthesis,characterization, and antibacterial activity

Two new platinum(IV) complexes (1, trifluoperazinehydrochloride-aquapentachloridoplatinate(IV) and 2, chlorpromazine-chlorpromazinehydrochloridepentachloridoplatinate(IV)) were synthesized in the reaction of K₂[PtCl₆] with trifluoperazine dihydrochloride (TF·2HCl) or chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CP·HCl). The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity measurement, and spectral (IR, ¹H, ¹³C, 2D ¹H–¹³C heteronuclear correlation spectra, ¹⁹⁵Pt NMR, and MS) methods. Outer-coordination sphere was proposed for 1; while in 2, the ligand was coordinated to the metal. The complexes exhibit antibacterial effect on strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus pumilus, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococci as Gram-positive bacteria and an Escherichia coli as Gram-negative bacteria, as well as the reference strains.     

Nickel(II) thiohydrazide and thiodiamine complexes: synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, antifungal and thermal studies

Nickel(II) complexes of type [Ni(L)(2)Cl(2)] and [Ni(L)(2)(OCOCH(3))(2)], where L=N,N-diphenyl-N-thiohydrazide (L(1)) and (N,N-diphenyl-N-thio)-1,3-propanediamine (L(2)), have been synthesized. The thiodiamines coordinate as a bidentate N-S ligand. The synthesized nickel(II) complexes of the thiodiamines were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, mass, electronic and (1)H NMR spectroscopic and TG/DTA studies. Various kinetic and thermodynamic parameters like order of reaction (n), activation energy (E(a)), apparent activation entropy (S(#)) and heat of reaction (DeltaH) have also been carried out for one complex. These complexes were also screened for in vitro antifungal and in vitro antibacterial activities and significant activity have been found.     

Synthesis,characterization, and antibacterial activity of triorganotin(IV) complexes of 2-methylphenol

The triorganotin(IV) complex Ph₃Sn(OPhMe-2) (1) has been synthesized by the reaction of Ph₃SnCl with NaOPhMe-2, while complexes of composition n-Bu₃Sn(OPhMe-2) (2) and Me₃Sn(OPhMe-2) (3) (where ?OPhMe-2 = ?OC₆H₄CH₃-2) have been obtained from the reaction of n-Bu₃SnCl and Me₃SnCl with 2-methylphenol in the presence of triethylamine in carbon tetrachloride. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, molecular weight determination, and IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and mass spectral studies. Thermal behavior of the complexes has been studied by TG and DTA techniques. The organotin(IV) complexes have also been screened for antibacterial activity and exhibit appreciable activity. The reactions of the complexes with 3- and 4-cyanopyridines yielded 1 : 1 adducts authenticated by physicochemical and IR and ¹H NMR spectral data.     

Organotin(IV) complexes of thiohydrazones: synthesis, characterization and antifungal study

Some new organotin(IV) complexes with salicylaldehyde aniline-N-thiohydrazone (L1) and cinamaldehyde aniline-N-thiohydrazone (L2) of the type (p-ClC6H4)3Sn[L] Cl and (p-ClC6H4)2Sn[L]Cl2 have been synthesized (where L = L1 and L2). The complexes and ligands were characterized by elemental analysis and spectral (UV-vis, IR and 1H NMR) studies. In all the complexes, ligands act as bidentate, coordination through sulphur and azomethane nitrogen. Complexes are 1:1 metal ligands complexes. Antifungal studies of some complexes against Rhizoctonia bataticola fungal strain have been carried out.     

Synthesis,characterization, antibacterial,and cytotoxic activities of organotin(IV) complexes derived from N(4)-cyclohexylthiosemicarbazone: X-ray crystal structure of [Ph2SnCl(L)]

Reaction of organotin(IV) chloride(s) with 2-benzoylpyridine-N(4)-cyclohexylthiosemicarbazone, [HL] (1) yielded [MeSnCl₂(L)] (2), [BuSnCl₂(L)] (3), [Me₂SnCl(L)] (4), and [Ph₂SnCl(L)] (5). The ligand (1) and its organotin(IV) complexes have been characterized by CHN analyses, molar conductivity, UV-Vis, FT-IR, ¹H, ¹³C, and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR spectral studies. The molecular structure of 5 was also determined by X-ray diffraction. There are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit and the central tin(IV) atom is six-coordinate in distorted octahedral geometry. The ligand (1) and complexes were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activities. The cytotoxic activities of 1–5 were tested against A2780 and A2780/Cp8 cancer cell lines. The compounds have better antibacterial activities than the free ligand; 2–5 are more potent cytotoxic agents than 1, while the diphenyltin(IV) 5 is more active with IC₅₀ values of 0.05 and 0.54?µmol?L^?1 against A2780 and A2780/Cp8 cell lines, respectively.     

Synthesis,characterization, and antibacterial activity of organotin(IV) complexes with 2-hydroxyacetophenone thiocarbohydrazone

Six new organotin(IV) complexes were synthesized by direct reaction of RSnCl₃ (R?=?Me, Bu and Ph) or R₂SnCl₂ (R?=?Me, Bu and Ph) and 2-hydroxyacetophenone thiocarbohydrazone [H₂APTC] under purified nitrogen in the presence of base in 1?:?2?:?1 molar ratio (metal: base: ligand). Complexes 2–7 have been characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductivity, UV-Visible, IR and ¹H NMR spectral studies. Complexes 2–7 are non-electrolytes. The molecular structure of [Me₂Sn(APTC)]?·?(C₂H₅OH) (5) has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The thiocarbohydrazone ligand (1) and 2–7 have been tested for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Enterococci aeruginosa.     

Synthesis,characterization and susceptibility of bacteria against Sulfamethoxydiazine complexes of copper(II), zinc(II), nickel(II), cadmium(II), chromium(III) and iron(III)

Complexes of sulfamethoxydiazine with Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Cr(III) and Fe(III) have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of conductivity measurements, elemental analyses, UV, IR, ¹H?NMR and thermal studies. It is shown that sulfamethoxydiazine behaves as a bidentate ligand, binding the metal ion through the sulfonyl oxygen and sulfonamide nitrogen. In vitro susceptibility tests of these complexes against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris and Staphylococcus aureus were carried out. The results show that the antibacterial activities of the complexes of Zn(II), Cu(II), Cr(III) and Fe(III) are, in general, stronger than that of sulfamethoxydiazine, while the complexes of Cd(II) and Ni(II) are less active.     

New organotin(IV) complexes with N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone derivatives prepared from 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde: synthesis,characterization, and cytotoxic activity

Abstract

The N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone derivatives H₂DDMT (1) and H₂DMMT (2) have been prepared from the reaction of 4-methylthiosemicarbazide with 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde, respectively. Six new organotin(IV) complexes, [MeSnCl(DDMT)] (3), [BuSnCl(DDMT)] (4), [PhSnCl(DDMT)] (5), [MeSnCl(DMMT)] (6), [BuSnCl(DMMT)] (7), and [PhSnCl(DMMT)] (8) have been synthesized by direct reaction of corresponding organotin(IV) chloride(s) with these ligands. The ligands and their compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, UV–Vis, FT-IR, and NMR (¹H, ¹³C, and ¹¹⁹Sn) spectroscopy. The molecular structures of 1 and 2 were determined by X-ray crystallography. Spectroscopic data suggested that the ligands were coordinated to tin(IV) as dinegative tridentate via phenoxide-O, azomethine-N, and thiolate-S atoms. The crystal structures revealed that the ligands exist in thione form in the solid state. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were carried out for all the compounds against MCF-7 cancer cell line. The results have shown that different organotin(IV) groups showed characteristic differences in their biological activity.     

Synthesis,characterization, and antifungal and antibacterial studies of nickel(II)thiodiamine complexes

Nickel(II) complexes of type [Ni(L)₂Cl₂] and [Ni(L)₂(OCOCH₃)₂], where L = (cyclohexyl-N-thio)-1,2-ethylenediamine (L¹) and (cyclohexyl-N-thio)-1,3-propanediamine (L²) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, mass, UV-Vis, and ¹H NMR spectroscopic studies. The thiodiamines coordinate as a bidentate N-S ligand. The ratio of the metal: ligand was 1: 2 for all the complexes. The binding sites are the azomethine nitrogen and thioamide sulfur. The complexes are found to be soluble in acetone, dimethylformamide, and dimethylsulfoxide. All the complexes were found amorphous in nature. Molar conductance values in DMSO indicate the nonelectrolyte nature of the complexes. In vitro antifungal and in vitro antibacterial studies were performed against fungal and bacterial strains, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger, and Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Preliminary antimicrobial screening shows the good results against both the fungal and the bacterial strains, which can lead through the investigation of better drug. The article is published in the original.     

Preparation,spectral characterization,in vitro antitumor and thermal studies of new platinum(IV) and palladium(II) thiohydrazone complexes

Pt^IV and Pd^II complexes [Pt(L)₂Cl₂] and [Pd(HL)Cl₂] [HL = salicyclaldehyde morpholine N-thiohydrazone (HL¹), benzaldehyde morpholine N-thiohydrazone (HL²), acetophenone morpholine N-thiohydrazone (HL³), p-methylacetophenone morpholine N-thiohydrazone (HL⁴), cinnamaldehyde morpholine N-thiohydrazone (HL⁵), cyclohexanone morpholine N-thiohydrazone (HL⁶), benzaldehyde aniline N-thiohydrazone (HL⁷), benzaldehyde N-(methyl, cyclohexyl)-thiohydrazone (HL⁸) and benzaldehyde N-(ethyl, cyclohexyl)-thiohydrazone (HL⁹)] were prepared in MeOH and characterized by elemental analysis, i.r., electronic, ¹H-n.m.r. and ¹³C-n.m.r. spectral data. For some of the complexes cyclic voltammetric and thermal studies were carried out. The in vitro antitumor activity of some complexes was measured.     

Synthesis, spectral characterization and in vitro microbiological evaluation of novel glyoxal, biacetyl and benzil bis-hydrazone macrocyclic Schiff bases and their Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes

A series of binuclear Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes were synthesized by the template condensation of glyoxal, biacetyl or benzil bis-hydrazide, 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol and Co(II), Ni(II) or Cu(II) chloride in a 2:2:2 M ratio in ethanol. These 22-membered macrocyclic complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic, molar conductance, spectral, thermal and fluorescence studies. Elemental analyses suggest the complexes have a 2:1 stoichiometry of the type [M₂LX₂]·nH₂O and [Ni₂LX₂2H₂O]·nH₂O (where M = Co(II) and Cu(II); L = H₂L¹, H₂L² and H₂L³; X = Cl; n = 2). From the spectroscopic and magnetic studies, it has been concluded that the Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes display a five coordinated square pyramidal geometry and the Ni(II) complexes have a six coordinated octahedral geometry. The Schiff bases and their metal complexes have also been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities by the MIC method.     

Syntheses and crystal structures of two Schiff-base copper(II) complexes with antibacterial activities

Two structurally similar trinuclear complexes, [Cu(Cu(μ-Cl)₂L1)₂] (1) and [Cu(Cu(μ-Cl)₂L2)₂] (2) (HL1 = 4-chloro-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylethylimino)methyl]phenol, HL2 = 1-[(2-piperidin-1ylethylimino)methyl]naphthalen-2-ol), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Both complexes are bridged trinuclear compounds. The central Cu in each complex is in an octahedral environment with two phenolate and four bridging chlorides. The symmetry-related terminal Cu in each complex is square pyramidal with one phenolate oxygen, one imine nitrogen and one amine nitrogen of the Schiff-base ligand, one Cl^? in the basal plane, and one bridging Cl^? in the apical position. The complexes and Schiff bases were tested in vitro for their antibacterial activities.     

Diorganotin(IV) complexes with furan-2-carbohydrazone derivatives: synthesis,characterization, crystal structure and antibacterial activity

Four new diorganotin(IV) complexes, R₂SnL (L?=?L^a: R?=?Me 1, Ph 2; L?=?L^b: R?=?Me 3, and Ph 4), have been synthesized by reaction of hydrazone ONO donors, 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde furan-2-carbohydrazone (H₂L^a) and 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde furan-2-carbohydrazone (H₂L^b) with diorganotin(IV) dichloride in the presence of a base. The compounds have been investigated by elemental analysis and IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR spectroscopies. Spectroscopic studies show that the hydrazone is a tridentate dianionic ligand, coordinating via the imine nitrogen and phenolic and enolic oxygens. The structures of H₂L^b and 3 have also been confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The results show that the structure of 3 is a distorted square pyramid with imine nitrogen in apical position. The in vitro antibacterial activities of ligands and complexes have been evaluated against gram-positive (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. H₂L^a and H₂L^b show no activity but the diphenyltin(IV) complexes exhibit good activities towards two bacterial strains in comparison with standard bacterial drugs.     

Synthesis,characterization and antibacterial activity of indium(III) complexes with adamantane-ring containing Schiff bases

Indium(III) chloride tetrahydrate and Schiff-base ligands derived from adamantaneamine and 3-/4-methoxysalicylaldehyde gave two complexes, C₂₂H₃₂Cl₃InN₂O₃ (1) and C₃₆H₄₄C_l3InN₂O₄ (2), respectively. The complexes were characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, elemental analysis, molar conductance, thermal analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, P2₁/n space group with the asymmetric unit consisting of one indium(III), one N-(3-methoxysalicylidene)-aminoadamantane (L¹), three chlorides and one N,N-dimethylformamide molecule. The indium is six-coordinate with reversed triangular-prism geometry via three oxygens and three chlorides. Complex 2 crystallizes in the triclinic system, P 1 space group; the asymmetric unit consists of one indium(III), two N-(4methoxysalicylidene)-aminoadamantane (L²), and three chlorides. The indium is five-coordinate with distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry via two oxygens and three chlorides. Antibacterial activities of the complexes have been investigated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.     

Synthesis,spectral studies of copper(II)tetrathiocyanato dithallate(I) complexes with some acylhydrazones and their antimicrobial activity

Heterobimetallic complexes of Cu[Tl(SCN)₂]₂ ·; L (where L?=?acetophenone benzoylhydrazone(abh), acetophenone isonicotinoyl hydrazone(ainh), acetophenone salicyloylhydrazone(ash), acetophenone anthraniloyl hydrazone(aah), p-hydroxy acetophenone benzoylhydrazone (phabh), p-hydroxy acetophenone isonicotinoyl hydrazone (phainh), p-hydroxy acetophenone salicyloylhydrazone(phash) and p-hydroxy acetophenone anthraniloyl hydrazone(phaah) were synthesized and characterized. Electronic spectra and μ_eff values suggest a distorted octahedral environment around copper(II). SCN groups bridge between two metal centers and the ligands are coordinated through >C=O and >C=N–groups. Thermal studies (TGA and DTA) on Cu[Tl(SCN)₂]₂?·?ainh indicate multi step decomposition of both endothermic and exothermic nature. ESR data show axial spectra for all the complexes and d _{x²???y ²} as the ground state. Powder X-ray diffraction parameters for some of the complexes correspond to orthorhombic crystal lattice. The complexes show significant antifungal activity against Rizoctonia sp. and Stemphylium sp. and moderate antibacterial activity against Clostridium sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The activity increases at higher concentration of the compound.