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1.
The imaging principle of Fresnel zone plate and photon sieve were analyzed in this paper. The design and fabrication of phase photon sieve were discussed. The feasibility of using phase photon sieve to realize nano-lithography was analyzed, a novel lithography experiment system based on phase photon sieve was presented, which not only has higher resolution and image contrast than the Fresnel zone plate lithography but also have higher diffractive efficiency than the amplitude photon sieve lithography. 相似文献
2.
Realizing a smaller or sharper diffractive center spot is a valuable research aim in soft X-ray focus and other related research applications. Fresnel zone plates (FZP) and photon sieves (PS) are often used to focus the X-rays or other wavelength light at present. Here, we show that combination of a super-resolution phase mask (SPM) and an FZP (or PS) as one diffractive optical element can realize a smaller or sharper diffractive center spot without significantly increasing the fabrication difficulty. All these diffractive phase elements can be applied to beam shaping, mask-less lithography, energy congregation in high power lasers, soft X-rays focus, and any other field that requires a smaller or sharper diffractive center spot. 相似文献
3.
《中国光学快报(英文版)》2015,(8)
We propose a type of diffractive optical element, a modified Fibonacci photon sieve(MFiPS), designed by using the Fibonacci sequence with two different initial seed elements. Focusing properties of MFi PS show that it not only has less secondary foci, but also presents two equal intensity foci by optimizing the diameters of pinholes of MFi PS whose ratio of the two focal distances approaches the golden mean. Higher transverse resolution on the two focal spots is improved by using a super-Gaussian amplitude modulation technology. 相似文献
4.
In the free-space laser communication, there is sometimes a strong need for reduction of the diffraction spot size in the far field. In this paper, instead of the usage of the larger size aperture lens and super-resolution technology in the free-space laser communication system, we introduce photon sieve to compress the center spot in the diffractive far field, which can decrease the weight of the emitting lens. We have designed the photon sieve and calculated its far-field diffractive intensity. We have also calculated the far field Airy diffractive field intensity. Simulation proves that the photon sieve diffractive spot is smaller than the Airy spot with the same transmit aperture. We have set up an experimental system to simulate the far-field diffraction free-space laser communication. Experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical results. Detailed experiments are presented. 相似文献
5.
6.
We present a type of diffractive lens, Zernike apodized photon sieves (ZAPS), used as the objective for high spatial resolution and high phase-contrast imaging of weakly absorbing materials in x rays. The structure of ZAPS is based on the combination of two concepts: apodized photon sieves and Zernike phase contrast. The ZAPS is a single optic that integrates the appropriate ±π/2 rad phase shift through selective zone placement shifts in an apodized photon sieve. Analysis of the focusing properties of the apodized photon sieve in terms of point-spread function show that the sidelobes have been significantly suppressed at the expense of slightly widening the width of the main lobe. In combination with synchrotron light sources, ZAPS offers new opportunities for high-resolution phase-contrast x-ray microscopy in the physical and life sciences. 相似文献
7.
提出了一种准相位型光子筛。该准相位型光子筛通过改变暗环上小孔直径与带宽的比值,对焦点处的相位分布进行调制,使通过亮环和暗环上小孔的光波在焦点处发生相长干涉,生成聚焦光斑。该准相位型光子筛无需对基底进行特殊处理,即可完成相位型光子筛的制作,降低了加工难度。和普通振幅型光子筛相比,在相同最小加工尺寸的条件下,准相位型光子筛具有较大的数值孔径,可降低聚焦光斑尺寸。并且,和多区光子筛相比,在同样的最小加工尺寸及数值孔径的条件下,准相位型光子筛光斑尺寸及质量均优于对方。为大数值孔径光子筛设计提供了一种新的设计方法。 相似文献
8.
基于 Zernike相衬成像原理和光瞳切趾原理,提出一种将相位板和切趾光子筛集成为一个相衬显微物镜的 X射线相衬成像光子筛的设计方法.这种 X射线相衬成像物镜可以实现生物体组织或者其他弱吸收材料的高分辨率和高衬度成像.通过优化光子筛透镜的衍射结构,可以抑制成像系统的点扩展函数的旁瓣和消除高阶衍射焦点,从而提高成像分辨率;另外,将光子筛透镜和变相板合为一体,克服了成像透镜和变相板难以对准的缺陷.以高斯切趾光子筛为例,实验验证了设计方法的可行性.
关键词:
X射线显微技术
相衬成像
光瞳切趾
光子筛 相似文献
9.
Focusing light with a reflection photon sieve 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An advanced type of diffractive optical element is presented that combines the concept of the photon sieve with an off-axis, off-normal incidence reflection geometry. Compared to transmission optical elements, the signal-to-background ratio is significantly increased by separating the first from other diffraction orders without drastically reducing the size of the smallest diffractive element. The reflection photon sieve produces sharp foci at maximum contrast and offers the advantages of effective heat dissipation and a large working space above the focal plane. Experimental results for a device working at a photon energy of 100 eV are presented and compared to theory. 相似文献
10.
We present a new family of diffractive lenses whose structure is based on the combination of two concepts: photon sieve and fractal zone plates with variable lacunarity. The focusing properties of different members of this family are examined. It is shown that the sieves provide a smoothing effect on the higher order foci of a conventional lacunar fractal zone plate. However, the characteristic self-similar axial response of the fractal zone plates is always preserved. 相似文献
11.
Toward two-dimensional nanometer resolution hard X-ray differential-interference-contrast imaging using modified photon sieves 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this Letter, we report a significant step forward in the design of single-optical-element optics for two-dimensional (2D) hard X-ray differential-interference-contrast (DIC) imaging based on modified photon sieves (MPSs). MPSs were obtained by a modified optic, i.e., combining two overlaid binary gratings and a photon sieve through two logical XOR operations. The superior performance of MPSs was demonstrated. Compared to Fresnel zone plates-based DIC diffractive optical elements (DOEs), which help to improve contrast only in one direction, MPSs can provide better resolution and 2D DIC imaging. Compared to normal photon sieves, MPSs are capable of imaging at a significantly higher image contrast. We anticipate that MPSs can provide a complementary and versatile high-resolution nondestructive imaging tool for ultra-large-scale integrated circuits at 45 nm node and below. 相似文献
12.
Photon sieves are diffractive optical elements with large chromatic aberration. To correct the dispersion of a photon sieve, a novel hybrid doubled achromat combined a photon sieve and a refractive lens is proposed. The design of this achromat applies the opposite dispersive characteristics of diffractive and refractive elements. Two design examples for different bandwidths of 300 nm and 80 nm in visible spectrum are given. For analyzing their focusing properties, the intensity distributions both along the axis and at the focal plane are studied. The results illustrate that the achromatic design is achieved and the secondary spectrum can be corrected for a narrow bandwidth. And compared to traditional hybrid achromat, it can focus to a sharper spot. 相似文献
13.
We have developed a two-dimensional (2D) Fourier-transform femtosecond spectroscopy technique for the visible spectral region. Three-pulse photon echo signals are generated in a phase-matched noncollinear four-wave mixing box geometry that employs a 3-kHz repetition-rate laser system and optical parametric amplification. Nonlinear signals are fully characterized in amplitude and phase by spectral interferometry. Unlike for previous setups, we achieve long-term phase stability by employing diffractive optics and interferometric accuracy of excitation-pulse time delays by using movable glass wedges. As an example of this technique, 2D correlation and relaxation spectra at 600 nm are shown for a solution of Nile Blue dye in acetonitrile. 相似文献
14.
Imaging properties of photon sieve with a large aperture 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhong Gao Xiangang Luo Junxian Ma Yongqi Fu Chunlei Du 《Optics & Laser Technology》2008,40(4):614-618
We report the optimization design and experimental results for the imaging properties of a photon sieve, which is formed on a layer of metal film supported by a thin glass substrate. As an example, we considered a micro-optical element with parameters of diameter D=50 mm, 3,564,290 hole number, and 10 μm minimum micro-hole diameter, which was designed and fabricated by means of surface machining technique in the lab. To evaluate its imaging performance, both on-axis and off-axis imaging experiments were carried out using the element. Compared to a Fresnel zone plate lens with the same feature size, the photon sieve has super imaging performance. Some quantitative analyses and initial qualitative explanations were given for the imaging characteristics. 相似文献
15.
We propose a method to improve the resolution of near-field optical system with a solid immersion lens by using a multiphase level Fresnel zone plate. The analyses are based on scalar angular spectrum theory. The results show that the multiphase Fresnel zone plate can not only decrease the spot size but also decrease the sidelobe intensity and enhance greatly the diffractive efficiency compared with annular amplitude filter or binary 2-, 3-, 4-zone phase filter. 相似文献
16.
E.R. Berger A. Donnachie H.G. Dosch W. Kilian O. Nachtmann M. Rueter 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》1999,9(3):491-501
We investigate the reaction where PS denotes a pseudoscalar meson , , , or and X either a proton or resonance or continuum state into which the proton can go by diffractive excitation. At high energies
photon and odderon exchange contribute to the reaction. The photon exchange contribution is evaluated exactly using data for
the total virtual photon-proton absorption cross section. The odderon exchange contribution is calculated in nonperturbative
QCD, using functional integral techniques and the model of the stochastic vacuum. For the proton we assume a quark-diquark
structure as suggested by the small odderon amplitude in pp and forward scattering. We show that odderon exchange leads to a much larger inelastic than elastic PS production cross section.
Observation of our reaction at HERA would establish the soft odderon as an exchange object on an equal footing with the soft
pomeron and would give us valuable insight into both the nucleon structure and the mechanism of high energy diffractive scattering.
Received: 2 February 1999 / Revised version: 22 March 1999 / Published online: 28 May 1999 相似文献
17.
18.
利用二维杨-顾算法设计非对称结构衍射光学元件 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
杨 顾算法是一种设计衍射光学元件的相位恢复方法。在大多数文献中,主要用它来设计一维衍射光学元件和具有旋转对称结构的二维衍射光学元件,故在此称之为一维杨 顾算法。二维杨 顾算法可用来设计任意结构的二维衍射光学元件。在基于非幺正变换光学系统中,用振幅 相位恢复理论建立了二维杨 顾算法的数学模型,给出了迭代算法。利用自编的仿真程序包设计了一个具有非对称结构的衍射相位元件。 相似文献
19.
R. Engel D.Y. Ivanov R. Kirschner L. Szymanowski 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》1998,4(1):93-99
We calculate the cross section of diffractive charge-parity neutral meson production in virtual photon proton collision at high energies. Due to the opposite -parities of photon and meson () this process probes the -channel odderon exchange which is described here as noninteracting three–gluon exchange. Estimates for the cross section of inelastic
diffractive process are presented. The total cross section of diffractive meson photoproduction is found to be 47 pb. The cross sections for the diffractive production of light mesons () in collisions are of the same order if the photon virtuality is .
Received: 30 July 1997 相似文献
20.
An integrated diffractive optical mode converter, which can be integrated into planar lightwave circuits (PLCs), consisting of a diffractive optical element (DOE) and a slab waveguide is presented for fiber-to-waveguide coupling. The DOE is designed using iterative phase retrieval algorithm. In the iterative algorithm, we introduce a new modification of far-field amplitude constraint to provide very high mode conversion quality. Compared with previously published mode converters, the scheme is more universal because it is applicable for any waveguide structure. In simulation, coupling losses lower than 0.12 dB have been reached for all the discussed waveguides. The converter is shown to be polarization-insensitive and applicable in multi-wavelength PLCs. And the tolerance on axis misalignment has been investigated. 相似文献