原子荧光光谱法同时测定化妆品中砷和汞

研究了原子荧光光度法同时测定化妆品中的砷和汞，并试验了硼氢化钠浓度、共存离子的影响，优化了仪器条件。方法回收率分别在：As88．7％-101．0％、Hg97．0％-107．2％之间，砷和汞的检出限分别为0．026μg／L和0．020μg／L；线性范围为As0．5—100μg／L、Hg0.5—70μg／L；RSD(n=6)As1．4％、Hg2．5％。方法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高等优点，可用于化妆品中As、Hg的测定。     

铟(Ⅲ)-8-羟基喹啉-核酸三元荧光体系的研究与应用

基于核酸对铟(Ⅲ）-8-羟基喹啉配合物的荧光增强作用，应用铟(Ⅲ)-8-羟基喹啉为荧光探针，研究了铟(Ⅲ)-8-羟基喹啉与核酸的作用，建立了新的核酸测定方法。在最佳条件下，ctDNA、hsDNA、smDNA和yRNA的线性范围分别为0．20-1．40μg／mL、0．20-1．60μg／mL、0．10—1．40μg／mL、0．20—1．20μg／mL。检出限(3o／K)分别为0．004μg／mL，0．002μg／mL，0．002μg／mL，0．002μg／mL；测定实际样品，回收率为90．9％-103．5％。     

钨钽石墨管原子吸收光谱法直接测定水系沉积物和土壤中痕量元素

本文采用一种新型原子化器——钨钽石墨管。与热解涂层石墨管相比,测定Pb,Cd,Eu灵敏度提高二倍,测定Nd和Sc灵敏度提高五倍。特征量为4.4pg(Pb),0.37pg(Cd),0.47pg(Be),11pg(Eu),170pg(Nd)和4.6pg(Sc)。测定时相对标准偏差小于5%。当钨钽石墨管(WTaPGT)和较高升温速率(4000—6000K/S)结合使用时(等温钨钽石墨管STWTa PGT),各种基体干扰都能消除,其中包括3mg/ml NaCl,1mg/ml MgCl_2,1mg/mlAl(NO_3)_3,1N HNO_3,1N HClO_4等。测定稀土元素时,用钨钽石墨管可以消除记忆效应。     

荧光法直接测定环境水中痕量苯酚

研究了荧光分光光度通过控制酸度直接测定环境水中苯酚的新方法。在pH＝1时，直接测定苯酚的含量，波长为λex／λem＝270／297nm，检出限为4．0g/mL，线性范围为0－3．2μg/mL。回收率为99％－101％。     

甘薯中微量铝的分光光度法测定

采用分光光度法与Al-CAS-CTMAB-OP四元络合物显色相结合，对甘薯中的铝含量进行了测定。A1^3 浓度在0-0．24μg／mL范围内遵守朗伯-比耳定律，相关系数r＝0．9996。回收率为91．4％-102．6％，对甘薯样品测定的结果为190．8μg／g，δ＝1．59，RSD＝0．83％(n＝5)。因甘薯中铝含量相对较高，建议在开发健康食品时应作特殊的前处理或进一步改良品种。     

免疫亲和柱HPLC荧光检测酒中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2

采用单隆抗体免疫样和技术作为直接从样品分离提纯黄曲霉素素的特效手段,提出液挥发干后,经衍生用HPLC荧光检测器测定,本法在样品中添加2．5μg/kg黄曲霉素素时进行10次测定,平均回收率分别为G178．3％、B197．3％、G261．7％、B290．5％;2．5μg/kg10次测定的精密度分别为：G4．50％、B13．805、G23．68％、B24．77％,本方法在25－1250pg范围内呈线性,相关系数分别为G1：r=0.9990,B1:r=0.9994,G2:r=0.9995,B2:r=0.9992 ,测定的最低检出限为6．25pg.     

火焰原子吸收法测定钢铁中铅时阴离子表面活性剂的增感效应及其机理探讨

火焰原子吸收法测定钢铁中铅，采用0．2％十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）和0．001mol／L硝酸介质，加入硫脲消除共存元素铋的干扰，铅的浓度在0—20μg／mL范围内服从比耳定律。方法检出限为0．10μg／mL，相对标准偏差为2．30％，回收率为97％—99％，样品测定结果令人满意。并对阴离子表面活性剂增感机理进行了探讨。     

流动注射在线萃取石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定地质样品中痕量金

采用流动注射在线萃取石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定了地质样品中痕量金,研究了二苯硫脲-甲基异丁酮在线萃取金的实验条件和流路参数。试验表明,该法有效地消除了基体干扰。测定含金量为0.051μg／g标准物质相对标准偏差(n=8)为4．2％,检出限为0．6ng／g,采样速率为20样／h。     

富氧空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定地质样品中钛

向钛的标准系列溶液中加入200μg／mL的AlCl3溶液，在富氧空气-乙炔高温火焰中有效地提高了钛化合物的原子化效率，还能较好地克服共存元素的化学干扰。在优化的测定条件下，直接测定了地质样品中的钛。方法的检出限CL(K=3)为0．25μg／mL，对GBW 07302管理样品测定6次，RSD为3．81％。     

金伯利岩中微量元素的X-射线荧光光谱测试方法研究

本文对X-射线荧光光谱仪的工作条件进行改进,经试验选择了最佳分析条件,制定出准确测定金伯利岩样品中Sc,Cr,Ni,Y,Nb,La等微量元素的方法。这项研究降低了方法的检出限(如Sc从9.54μg·g~(-1)下降到2.83μg·g~(-1);La从21.68μg·g~(-1)下降到9.18μg·g~(-1))和分析成本。Sc,Cr,Ni,Y,Nb,La各元素的检出限分别为:2.83,2.15,2.20,1.17,1.05,9.18μg·g~(-1),并改善了精密度(RSD,n=20,2.10％～7.09％)和准确度,提高了分析测试效率。将该法与ICP光谱法进行对比试验,取得了令人满意的结果。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.