Near-Infrared Boron Difluoride Formazanate Dyes

Near-infrared (NIR) dyes are sought after for their utility in light harvesting, bioimaging, and light-mediated therapies. Since long-wavelength photoluminescence typically involves extensive π-conjugated systems of double bonds and aromatic rings, it is often assumed that NIR dyes have to be large molecules that require complex syntheses. We challenge this assumption by demonstrating that facile incorporation of tertiary amine groups into readily available 3-cyanoformazans affords efficient production of relatively simple NIR-active BF₂ formazanate dyes (λ_abs=691–760 nm, λ_PL=834–904 nm in toluene). Cyclic voltammetry experiments on these compounds reveal multiple reversible redox waves linked to the interplay between the tertiary amine and BF₂ formazanate moieties. Density-functional calculations indicate that the NIR electronic transitions in BF₂ formazanates are of π→π*-type, but do not always involve strong charge transfer.     

Synthesis and Structure of Triphenylbismuth Difluoride

The reaction of triphenylbismuth dichloride with sodium fluoride in acetone leads to formation of triphenylbismuth difluoride in 73% yield. The X-ray diffraction data show that the bismuth atom in the two symmetrically independent molecules of bismuth difluoride has a trigonal-bipyramidal coordination with equatorial fluorine atoms. The Bi-F and Bi-C distances are 2.53(1)-2.59(1) and 2.10(3)-2.22(2) Å, respectively, and the FBiF angle is 175.1(5)°.     

Optoelectronic Properties of Carbon-Bound Boron Difluoride Hydrazone Dimers

The creation of dimeric boron difluoride complexes of chelating N-donor ligands is a proven strategy for the enhancement of the optoelectronic properties of fluorescent dyes. We report dimers based on the boron difluoride hydrazone (BODIHY) framework, which offer unique and sometimes unexpected substituent-dependent absorption, emission, and electrochemical properties. BODIHY dimers have low-energy absorption bands (λ_max=421 to 479 nm, ϵ=17 200 to 39 900 m ⁻¹ cm⁻¹) that are red-shifted relative to monomeric analogues. THF solutions of these dimers exhibit aggregation-induced emission upon addition of water, with emission enhancement factors ranging from 5 to 18. Thin films of BODIHY dimers are weakly emissive as a result of the inner-filter effect, attributed to intermolecular π-type interactions. BODIHY dimers are redox-active and display two one-electron oxidation and two one-electron reduction waves that strongly depend on the N-aryl substituents. These properties are rationalized using density-functional theory calculations and X-ray crystallography experiments.     

Crystal Structure and Luminescence of Boron Difluoride Acetylacetonate

The structure of boron difluoride acetylacetonate was studied by X-ray diffraction. A pucker of the chelate ring along the line connecting the boron and -carbon atom was detected. The effects of geometric and electronic factors on the fluorescence intensity of boron difluoride -diketonates were discussed.     

氟氢化钾固-固相变的变温红外光谱测定

氟氢化钾（KHF2）晶体随着温度的升高,在196℃发生可逆的固－固相变,晶型由低对称的西方晶系转变到高对称的立方晶系^[1]。由于氟氢化钾的固－固相变焓高,可应用于热能的贮存^[2],它的高温相可用做高电导率的离子导体^[3]。氟氢化钾的应用强烈依赖于本身的晶体性,因此利用各种光谱、X－射线衍射、热分析等技术手段以及量子化学计算对两种晶相结构的研究已日趋完善^[4,5]。而对于其固－固相变升温过程中的动态测定还未见报道,这是由于一般的实验手段难以对升温过程进行原位跟踪所致。变温红外光变法具有简便、快速、实用等优点,因而成为研究相变的有力工具^[6]。本文采用变温红外光谱技术测定了氟氢化钾在不同温度下的红外光谱,发现当温度升高到固－固相变温度时,氟氢化钾的各个特征吸收峰的位置、强度及峰形均发生较大程度的变化,从而为验证氟氢化钾的固－固相变机理提供了依据。     

Structurally Tunable 3‐Cyanoformazanate Boron Difluoride Dyes

The straightforward synthesis of a series of 3‐cyanoformazanate boron difluoride dyes is reported. Phenyl, 4‐methoxyphenyl and 4‐cyanophenyl N‐substituted derivatives were isolated and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography, cyclic voltammetry, and UV/Vis spectroscopy. The compounds were demonstrated to possess tunable, substituent‐dependent absorption, emission, and electrochemical properties, which were rationalized through electronic structure calculations.     

Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Alkoxysilyl Derivatives of Dibenzoylmethanatoboron Difluoride

Alkoxysilyl derivatives of dibenzoylmethanatoboron difluoride (DBMBF₂) are synthesized by the hydrosilylation reaction of the corresponding O‐allyl derivatives of DBMBF₂ with triethoxysilane. The photophysical properties of the synthesized O‐allyl and alkoxysilyl derivatives are investigated. It is found that the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the DBMBF₂ derivatives essentially depend on the position of the O‐allyl or O‐propyl alkoxysilyl substituent. The highest fluorescence quantum yield is obtained for the para‐position, whereas the substitution at the meta‐position gives the largest bathochromic shift in the fluorescence spectrum. Density functional theory calculations of the structures and time‐dependent density functional theory calculations of the gas‐phase excitation and emission energies of alkoxysilyl derivatives are performed at the PBE0/SVP level of theory. Some spectral features of para‐, ortho‐, and meta‐substituted derivatives can be adequately explained by the overlapping of two absorption bands.     

An Organogold(III) Difluoride with a trans Arrangement

The trans isomer of the organogold(III) difluoride complex [PPh₄][(CF₃)₂AuF₂] has been obtained in a stereoselective way and in excellent yield by reaction of [PPh₄][CF₃AuCF₃] with XeF₂ under mild conditions. The compound is both thermally stable and reactive. Thus, the fluoride ligands are stereospecifically replaced by any heavier halide or by cyanide, the cyanide affording [PPh₄][trans‐(CF₃)₂Au(CN)₂]. The organogold fluoride complexes [CF₃AuF_x]^? (x=1, 2, 3) have been experimentally detected to arise upon collision‐induced dissociation of the [trans‐(CF₃)₂AuF₂]^? anion in the gas phase. Their structures have been calculated by DFT methods. In the isomeric forms identified for the open‐shell species [CF₃AuF₂]^?, the spin density residing on the metal center is found to strongly depend on the precise stereochemistry. Based on crystallographic evidence, it is concluded that Auⁱⁱⁱ and Agⁱⁱⁱ have similar covalent radii, at least in their most common square‐planar geometry.     

新型香豆素硼氟荧光染料的合成及其光学性能

以邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯和4-二乙胺基水杨醛为原料,合成了一个新的香豆素喹啉衍生物3-{2-［8-(1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)喹啉-2-基］乙烯基}-7-二乙胺基香豆素(QMC),再与BF₃·Et₂O配位合成了硼氟配合物(BQMC),其结构经¹H NMR和MS(ESI)表征。并对BQMC的光学性能进行了研究。结果表明：BQMC的最大吸收波长在二氧六环中为490 nm,在DMSO中为532 nm; BQMC的最大发射波长在正己烷中为618 nm,在DMSO中为679 nm,与配体QMC相比,最大吸收波长红移了近50 nm,最大发射波长红移了近100 nm, BQMC的Stokes位移值从115 nm增至183 nm。在固态下,BQMC在750~825 nm之间有较宽的荧光发射峰,具有较强荧光。     

Reactions of Oxides of Some 3d Elements with Ammonium Hydrogen Difluoride

Reactions of iron, manganese(II), manganese(IV), copper, and zinc oxides with ammonium hydrogen difluoride were studied by thermogravimetry, X-ray phase analysis, IR spectrometry, and chemical analysis.     

Vibrational Spectroscopy Study of Fluorozirconate Glasses Containing Tin Difluoride and Gallium Trifluoride

A series of fluorozirconate glasses in ZrF₄-SnF₂-GaF₃ and ZrF₄-SnF₂-BaF₂ systems have been studied by vibrational spectroscopy. The glass net contains not only fluorozirconate polyhedra, but also fluorostannate and fluorogallate groups. When contained in amounts of more than 10 mol.% in a glass, tin difluoride is a glass-forming agent. Gallium trifluoride in the same amount or higher forms GaF₆ polyhedra.