样条状态变量法分析扁球壳的动力响应

基于瞬时变分原理与样条函数理论,建立扁球壳的动力方程,引入样条参数及其对时间的导数作为状态变量,导出状态方程,对空间域,采用样条有限元法,对时间域,采用现代控制论中的状态空间法,此外,建立了一种状态变量的递推计算格式,在计算过程中,不解线性方程组,也不需采用解耦技术,只要作矩阵运算,可直接算出动力响应量,文末给出的数值算例表明本文方法是可靠 与有效的。     

汽车结构的动力响应计算

在时域内计算了汽车结构在不同类型路谱(地面不平度函数)激励下的位移、加速度和应力响应.汽车分割成包括车身、车架在内的悬挂部件和非悬挂部件,建立各部件的有限元动力结构模型,并计算其模态特性.通过子结构综合模态法,获得汽车结构的模态特性,进而计算汽车结构的位移、加速度和动应力响应时间历程.严重应力部位的分析结果与汽车试验台试验结果符合良好.     

爆炸荷载作用下地下拱形结构动力响应样条小波有限元研究

采用小波有限元方法研究爆炸荷载作用下地下结构的动力响应,克服在模拟过程中由于材料的奇异性、地质条件的复杂性和加载的快速性出现的应力集中和计算效率低下,根据样条有限点法,构造了单向和双向区间B样条圆环扇形小波单元,用尺度函数作为插值函数;结合工程实例,通过Matlab软件编程对爆炸荷载作用地下拱形结构的动力响应进行了数值模拟,并与应用传统有限元程序模拟结果进行对比。结果表明,小波有限元用很少单元取得了较高的精度,计算效率比传统有限元提高一倍。     

结构动力方程的样条精细积分法

结合精细积分法和样条函数拟合技术的优点,提出了求解结构动力方程的一种有效方法.首先对非齐次项用三次正规化B样条函数进行拟合,然后利用正规化B样条函数形状相同、仅相差一个平移量的特点,构造了一个高效的特解求解方法.按此方法只需求出一个标准B样条项所对应的特解,然后通过时间坐标的平移并结合叠加原理,即可求出任意时刻的特解值.由于特解计算中采用数值积分的方法,避免了矩阵求逆,因而本方法具有较大的适用范围.算例结果证明了该方法的有效性.     

计算结构动力响应的状态方程直接积分法

利用钟万勰等发展的指数矩阵精细算法,提出了状态方程直接积分法。它能适用于确定情形各种激励作用下系统的动力响应分析;与分段等效线性化方法相结合,也可用于某些非线性系统的响应计算。算例表明,状态方程直接法具有精度高、不受时间步长的严格限制等特点。     

计算结构动力响应的分段精细时程积分方法

利用钟万勰等发展的精细时程积分方法,提出了解线性定常结构动力系统响应的分段精细进程积分方法,它能适用于各种激励作用下系统的动力响应。对于载荷项采用线性和两次多项式进行拟合,采用精细时程积分方法和叠代方法对动力响应进行计算,与传统的离散积分方法如纽马克方法和威尔逊方法等及状态方程直接积分方法进行数值比较,本方法具有很高的精度和计算效率。     

高速公路防撞垫计算模型动力响应的研究

为减少防撞垫传统设计过程中对实车碰撞试验和三维数值仿真分析的依赖,将防撞垫简化为多个串联的吸能元件,并将车辆和吸能元件均简化为弹簧-质量单元.采用多自由度弹簧-质量系统模拟车辆正面碰撞防撞垫的过程,最终得到相应的计算模型.以包含两个吸能元件的防撞垫为研究对象,使用显式动力学软件LS-DYNA对计算模型进行数值分析,并验证了计算模型的准确性.在满足国内乘员安全规范的前提下,对防撞垫计算模型的屈服荷载Py、屈服前刚度kd、屈服后刚度kt、形状系数c进行了研究,完成了1.3t的车辆以60km/h速度正面撞击防撞垫工况下,防撞垫计算模型的动力响应分析.     

结构动响应的样条插值加权残量算法

本文以样条函数近似表达结构的瞬态响应,然后利用加权残量法建立起多步和单步形式的逐步积分算法。着重分析了应用三次B样条函数的算法SW32,并推荐了一个具有合适特性的p方案,     

An unconditionally stable calculation scheme for the dynamic response of structures by the method of spline collocation

In this paper, by the method of collocation, using the cubic β-spline function as the trial function in the time domain and putting zero residuals of the differential equation of motion of the structure at two points of time, the authors obtain an unconditionally stable calculation scheme for the dynamic response of the structure. When a parameter σ in the scheme is within the interval 0.15<σ <0.5 the scheme is absolutely stable. It is shown that the accuracy of the scheme, as may be measured by AD (the decay of the amplitudes), PE (the elongation of periods) and the algorithmic damping ratio, is better than that of traditional methods—the Wilson-σ's method, the Newmark's method and the Houbolt's method. A numerical example is given in which a certain dynamic response problem is solved by the method of this paper and results are compared with that of the traditional methods and the analytic method showing that the accuracy of the method by this paper is superior to the other ones. The computational scheme for the dynamic response of structures by this paper may be regarded as an effective, convenient and accurate method for dynamic response of structures.     

挡土结构物随机地震响应分析及动力可靠度研究

本文提供了一种简单的确定性数值方法,来分析在平稳随机地震荷载作用下的结构随机地震响应及动力可靠度。该方法基于有限元动力分析软件,以单位加速度脉冲函数作为地震荷载的输入,当计算出结构的脉冲响应函数后,再运用傅立叶变换得到随机激励和结构响应之间的传递函数,由此来计算结构的均方根响应和峰值响应。基于此方法,分析了挡土结构物在平稳随机地震荷载作用下的位移、弯矩、基底水平合力、基底竖向合力以及沿墙高的土压力极值的随机地震响应及动力可靠度。从分析结果可以看出:用Kanai谱模型的计算值比欧进萍谱模型的计算值更趋保守,而把响应过程当作马尔可夫过程似比泊松过程更精确。     

轴压钢柱局部稳定的样条函数分析法

本文采用三次混合样条构造钢柱截面板件横向位移场,假定板件平面外位移沿杆件纵向分布为解析三角函数,导出了轴压钢柱弹塑性局部稳定分析的样条函数法。分析时可计入初挠度,残余应力等初始缺陷,可精确考虑板件间相互约束作用。计算表明:本文方法精度高、速度快。     

Nonlinear dynamic response of beam and its application in nanomechanical resonator

Nonlinear dynamic response of nanomechanical resonator is of very important characteristics in its application. Two categories of the tension-dominant and curvature-dominant nonlinearities are analyzed. The dynamic nonlinearity of four beam structures of nanomechanical resonator is quantitatively studied via a dimensional analysis approach. The dimensional analysis shows that for the nanomechanical resonator of tension-dominant nonlinearity, its dynamic nonlinearity decreases monotonically with increasing axial loading and increases monotonically with the increasing aspect ratio of length to thickness; the dynamic nonlinearity can only result in the hardening effects. However, for the nanomechanical resonator of the curvature-dominant nonlinearity, its dynamic nonlinearity is only dependent on axial loading. Compared with the tension-dominant nonlinearity, the curvature-dominant nonlinearity increases monotonically with increasing axial loading; its dynamic nonlinearity can result in both hardening and softening effects. The analysis on the dynamic nonlinearity can be very helpful to the tuning application of the nanomechanical resonator.     

非线性方程的求解—最优化样条函数康托诺维奇加权残值法

本文是得新提出的一种微分方程的新解法，最优化样条函数康托诺维奇加权残值法。来求解非线性微分方程。该法把优化理论引入微分方程的数值解法，揉最优化算法，加权残值法，样条函数法，康托诺维奇法于一体，具有精度高、收敛快、易于处理各种边界条件的优点，文中有基于原始微分方程的算例，对流体力学中Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ方程的成功求解，展示了该法的应用前景。     

大跨度空间网格结构多点输入反应谱计算方法的研究

根据大跨度空间网格结构的特点,忽略拟静力反应项与动力反应项的耦合项,提出了多点输入反应谱计算的简化方法.该方法所表示的结构地震动反应主要由拟静力响应和动力响应两部分组成,其中拟静力响应是由地面各点输入位移不一致引起的;动力响应部分主要是由结构在地面加速度作用下引起的,它在形式上与传统的一致输入反应谱保持一致,但考虑了多点输入的影响.结果表明,简化方法是可行的,它一方面减少了计算工作量,另一方面又保证了计算精度.     

受有集中力的样条边界元法

本文应用Ｂｅｔｔｉ定理，建立弹性体边界和体内受有有限个集中力时的样条边界积分方程，将集中力的影响表征为边界积分方程中的自由项，从客观实际出发，对具有两套奇性交会的积分方程给出一种方便有效的处理方法，使得集中力下的边界元法得以实施，在样插值基础上，即使稀疏剖分也能给出很高精度的位移场。应力场和未知集中反力。     

On the response of rubbers at high strain rates—II. Shock waves

In this series of papers, we examine the propagation of waves of finite deformation in rubbers through experiments and analysis; in the present paper, Part II, attention is focused on the propagation of one-dimensional tensile shock waves in strips of latex and nitrile rubber. Tensile wave propagation experiments were conducted at high strain rates by holding one end fixed and displacing the other end at a constant velocity. A high-speed video camera was used to monitor the motion and to determine the evolution of strain and particle velocity in rubber strips. Shock waves have been generated under tensile impact in prestretched rubber strips; analysis of the response yields the tensile shock adiabat for rubbers. The propagation of shocks is analyzed by developing an analogy with the theory of detonation; it is shown that the condition for shock propagation can be determined using the Chapman-Jouguet shock condition.     

Vertex solution theorem for the upper and lower bounds on the dynamic response of structures with uncertain-but-bounded parameters

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effects of uncertain-but-bounded parameters on the dynamic response of structures. By combining the interval mathematics and the finite element analysis, the mass matrix, damping matrix, stiffness matrix and the external loads are represented as interval matrices and vector. With the help of the optimization theory, we present the vertex solution theorem for determining both the exact upper bounds or maximum values and the exact lower bounds or minimum values of the dynamic response of structures, in which these parameters reach their extreme values on the boundary of the interval mass, damping, stiffness matrices and the interval extemal loads vector. Three examples are used to illustrate the computational aspects of the presented vertex solution theorem.