纳米磁性固体酸SO42-/Zr（OH）4-Fe3O4催化水相不对称Aldol反应

以纳米磁性材料Fe3O4, ZrOCl2·8H2O和硫酸为原料,在不同焙烧温度下制备了纳米磁性固体酸催化剂SO42–/Zr(OH)4-Fe3O4.详细表征了该磁性固体酸的SO42–负载量、酸分布、表面形貌和孔结构等特性.在含有硝基和氰基强吸电子基苯甲醛的不对称水相Aldol反应中, SO42–/Zr(OH)4-Fe3O4表现出优良的催化性能(83%–100%收率,86.0%–95.6% eeanti和anti/syn =88–96/12–4).该类磁性固体酸可在外加磁体作用下定量地从催化反应体系中分离并回收使用,重复使用5次未见显著失活.     

4-磺酰胺-L-脯氨酸衍生物的合成及其水相中不对称催化Aldol反应的性能（英文）

以4-羟基-L-脯氨酸为原料合成了4-对甲基苯磺酰胺-L-脯氨酸催化剂1a-b,通过IR,1~H NMR和HR MS对其结构进行了表征,并考察了其水相中对不对称Aldol反应的催化性能.结果表明两种催化剂在水相中均能很好的催化Aldol反应,仅用5mol%的催化剂即可得到很好的催化效果,产率高达93%,非对映选择性高达94∶6,而对映选择性高达99%.     

磁性纳米固体酸SO42--TiO2-Fe3O4催化剂的合成、表征及催化性能的研究

首先研究制备了Fe3O4和SO42--TiO2固体酸催化剂,在此基础上采用共沉淀和浸渍的方法制备了磁性和超细SO42--TiO2-Fe3O4固体酸催化剂。利用XRD,TEM和FT-IR等分析测试手段对催化剂的结构和性能进行了表征。测定结果证实该催化剂具有较小的粒度,较高的磁性表现。在乙酸丁酯合成反应中SO42--TiO2-Fe3O4展示了很高的催化活性(酯化率可达82.7%),而且利用Fe3O4的磁性可对催化剂进行分离和回收.     

脯氨酸催化的不对称Aldol反应的研究进展

不对称合成是手性药物制备的核心环节,A ldol反应是重要的形成C—C键的反应之一,在全合成中有广泛应用.脯氨酸的两个异构体均价廉易得,作为一个非金属不对称催化试剂,它催化的不对称A ldol反应立体选择性高,有很好的应用前景.本文就近二十年来脯氨酸催化A ldol反应的机理,溶剂效应,最新进展三方面进行了介绍.     

磁性纳米固体酸SO4^2ˉ-TiO2-Fe3O4催化剂的合成、表征及催化性能的研究

首先研究制备了Fe3O4和SO4^2ˉ-TiO2固体酸催化剂，在此基础上采用共沉淀和浸渍的方法制备了磁性和超细SO4^2ˉ-TiO2-Fe3O4固体酸催化剂。利用XRD，TEM和FT—IR等分析测试手段对催化剂的结构和性能进行了表征。测定结果证实该催化剂具有较小的粒度，较高的磁性表现。在乙酸丁酯合成反应中SO4^2ˉ-TiO2-Fe3O4展示了很高的催化活性（酯化率可达82．7％），而且利用Fe3O4的磁性可对催化剂进行分离和回收．     

手性伯胺催化的不对称Aldol反应

<正>Aldol反应被认为是现代有机合成中最有效的形成碳碳键的方法之一[1],应用此反应可以合成含有两个立体中心的β-羟基羰基化合物。自从2000年List教授发现脯氨酸可以催化分子间的不对称Aldol反应以来[2],越来越多的科学家开始致力于寻找高效的有机催化剂。     

磁性纳米固体酸催化剂Zr(SO_4)_2/Fe_3O_4的制备及催化性能研究

本文提出将磁性和固体酸进行组装从而合成磁性纳米固体酸催化剂的思路,首先制备了纳米级磁性前体一磁基体（Ｆｅ３Ｏ４）;然后筛选出超声波法制备了不同配比的磁性纳米固体酸催化剂Ｚｒ（ＳＯ４）２／Ｆｅ３Ｏ４,对其进行了初步表征。并将其作为乙酸丁酯合成反应的催化剂,酯化转化率最高达到８４％,利用其磁性即可将催化剂进行分离。     

手性口恶唑硼烷酮催化不对称Aldol反应的研究

以廉价易得的手性氨基酸为原料合成了一系列氮磺酰化氨基酸配体,并将之与硼烷原闰制备成手性恶唑硼烷酮催化苯甲醛与烯醇硅醚的不对称Aldol反应,获得了较好的效果。对各种影响反应结果的因素进行了讨论,并对其不对称诱导机理进行了探讨。结果表明D-苯基甘氨酸衍生的手性恶唑硼烷酮催化剂对这种反应的催化效明显好于L-缬氨酸、L-亮氨酸、L-异亮氨酸等其它脂肪侧链氨基酸衍生的恶唑硼烷酮催化剂。其所得产物的化学产率和ee值分别为38.7%和81.7%。     

多相双功能催化剂上的不对称直接Aldol反应

通过将手性胺和酸基团同时引入到二氧化硅表面制备得到了一种多相双功能催化剂.该催化剂在不对称直接Aldol反应中表现出中等的催化活性和对映选择性(ee值最高可达60%以上).催化剂中手性胺和酸基团的协同作用对反应的活性和手性诱导至关重要.     

磁性超细固体酸催化剂SO2-4-ZrO2/Fe3O4的组装及表征

将磁性Fe3O4纳米材料和SO2-4-ZrO2固体酸进行组装,制得一系列具有磁性和超细粒子结构的固体酸催化剂SO2-4-ZrO2/Fe3O4. 采用XRD,TG-DTA和XPS等分析测试手段对催化剂的结构和性能进行了表征. 并分析和测试了催化剂的磁学性能、比表面积、粒度分布和元素的组成等物理化学性质. 该催化剂具有较小的粒度、较高的磁性及酯化催化活性,对乙酸丁酯合成反应的催化活性可达66%; 利用Fe3O4的磁性可对催化剂进行分离和回收. 经高温处理后,固体超强酸的形成对催化剂磁性、比表面积、表相原子的电子结合能以及各组分形态均有显著影响.     

Direct asymmetric aldol reaction co-catalyzed by l-proline and isothiouronium salts

An efficient, simple, and highly selective protocol for the direct asymmetric aldol reaction between cyclohexanone and aromatic aldehydes using l-proline as a chiral catalyst is reported. Catalytic amounts of achiral isothiouronium iodide salt 1d have been used for the first time as a co-catalyst for this reaction, which proved to be an excellent catalyst, producing good to excellent yields (up to 93%) with good stereoselectivities (up to 93:7 dr and 99% ee). These aldols are formed under solvent-free catalytic system, inside a standard laboratory refrigerator, and without stirring.     

Recyclable chiral diamine-polyoxometalate (POM) acids catalyzed asymmetric direct aldol reaction of aromatic aldehydes with long-chain aliphatic ketones

In this Letter, we studied the asymmetric direct aldol reaction of long-chain aliphatic ketones with aromatic aldehydes, using chiral diamine-polyoxometalate acid combined organocatalysts. High yields (up to 90%) and enantioselectivities (up to 90% ee) were obtained under solvent-free conditions with the optimized catalyst. Furthermore, such organocatalysts could be easily recycled and reused for four times without significant loss of reactivity and enantioselectivity.     

Direct asymmetric aldol condensation catalyzed by aziridine semicarbazide zinc(II) complexes

Previously obtained semicarbazides derived from N-triphenylmethyl-aziridine-2-carbohydrazide were explored as ligands in Zn(II) catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective direct aldol reactions. Complexes of aziridine-semicarbazides with Zn(II) were efficient catalysts in reactions of acetone and hydroxyacetone with NO₂-substituted aromatic aldehydes in the presence of water.     

Development of an N-sulfinyl prolinamide for the asymmetric aldol reaction

A new class of organocatalysts is reported that incorporates an N-sulfinyl amide in place of the carboxylic acid of proline to serve as a hydrogen bond donor, chiral directing group, and solubilizing element. The successful application of this type of catalyst to the asymmetric aldol reaction of acetone and aryl aldehydes, for which proline performs poorly, is also described.     

Sequential oxidation/asymmetric aldol reaction of primary alcohols by resin-supported catalysts

The sequential reaction including alcohol oxidation by TEMPO/Cu system and the asymmetric aldol reaction by peptide catalysis was realized using resin-supported catalysts. The step of oxidizing primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes could be dramatically enhanced through the introduction of triglycyl peptide to supported TEMPO and the method of pre-adsorbing a Cu-complex into resin beads.     

Highly enantioselective aldol reaction of acetaldehyde and isatins only with 4-hydroxydiarylprolinol as catalyst: concise stereoselective synthesis of (R)-convolutamydines B and E, (−)-donaxaridine and (R)-chimonamidine

A highly enantioselective aldol reaction of acetaldehyde and a wide scope of isatins has been presented only using readily available 4-hydroxydiarylprolinol as catalyst, affording various desired 3-substituted 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one adducts with moderate to high yield (up to 95%) and good enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee). This method not only represents an example of concise stereoselective synthesis of enantiopure (R)-convolutamydines B and E, but also firstly exhibits expedient asymmetric synthesis optically active (−)-donaxaridine and (R)-chimonamidine.     

Stereoselective aldol reactions of dihydroxyacetone derivatives catalyzed by chiral Zn2+ complexes

The direct aldol reaction between a protected dihydroxyacetone derivative and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde catalyzed by chiral Zn²⁺ complexes of 1-(n-carboxylalkyl)-7-aminoacyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane is reported. New Zn²⁺ complexes containing l-histidine and carboxylalkyl chains that mimic a class II aldolase, carboxypeptidase A and a serine protease were designed and synthesized. Syn-aldol products were mainly formed by an aldol reaction of acetonide-protected dihydroxyacetone with benzaldehydes and other benzaldehydes in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP)/alcohol (MeOH, EtOH or 2-PrOH) in good yields with a high degree of diastereo- and enantioselectivity (56%～quant., 57～>99% ee). Mechanistic aspect based on ESI-HRMS, elemental analysis and pH titrations of model ligands is also discussed.     

SO2-4/ZrO2/Fe3O4/Al2O3磁性固体超强酸的制备与表征

用化学共沉淀法制备了一系列SO2-4/ZrO2/Fe3O4/Al2O3磁性固体超强酸, 利用XRD、IR、TG-DSC、VSM、TEM及HRTEM等手段对样品结构进行了表征. 结果表明, 引入一定量的Fe3O4和Al2O3有利于四方晶相ZrO2(t)结构的稳定；Fe3O4超细粒子的引入, 使固体超强酸具备了超顺磁性；HRTEM 结果显示ZrO2晶体生长趋向于ZrO2(t)的[101]方向,其(101)晶面间距为d(101)=0.29 nm, 与XRD 衍射结果一致. Hammett 指示剂测得样品SZA-20-200-800酸强度(H0<-13.8)最强, 酸性大于浓硫酸(H0=-11.9).     

Solvent-free Mukaiyama aldol reaction of O-silyl dienolates catalyzed by benzoic acid

The vinylogous aldol reaction of O-silyl dienolates deriving from 2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]-dioxin-4-ones proceeds in moderate to excellent yields in the presence of catalytic amounts of PhCOOH under solvent-free conditions. Modest to good yields can be obtained by using silica gel or 3 Å molecular sieves as heterogeneous catalysts.