Optical superimposition of infrared thermography through video projection

This paper presents a novel infrared thermography visualization technique where a sequence of captured thermal images is optically and simultaneously superimposed onto the target object via video projection in real time. In conventional thermography visualization, observers have to frequently move their eyes from the object to a 2D screen where a thermal image is displayed. In contrast, the heat distribution of the object’s surface emerges directly onto its physical surface in the proposed method. As a result, the observer can intuitively understand the object’s heat information just by looking at it in the real space. This paper explains the methods of geometric registration and radiometric compensation of the captured thermal image, which are required before video projection. Furthermore, several projection results are shown to validate the intuitiveness and usefulness of the proposed visualization method.     

Improvement of 3D acquisition and visualization in MRI.

Three-dimensional (3D) visualization techniques are becoming an ever more important aid in the interpretation of tomographic data. Up to now, however, they have not received widespread use in MRI, because both acquisition and visualization techniques have been inadequate. In this paper we describe new 3D acquisition techniques which can acquire up to 128 slices with a resolution of 256 x 256 pixels in from 8 to 20 min. These techniques produce 3D data sets with excellent contrast and few motion artifacts, which are very well suited for 3D visualization techniques. For the visualization we investigate several rendering techniques, describe some improvements and compare their results. We found that there is no single method which renders all objects equally well. We show which shading method is best suited for different objects and why the other methods fail. Our studies suggest that in a 3D view with several objects each object should be rendered with a separate shading method. In so doing, 3D views can be generated which look like the real human anatomy.     

增强现实技术综述

增强现实技术是将计算机渲染生成的虚拟场景与真实世界中的场景无缝融合起来的一种技术,它通过视频显示设备将虚实融合的场景呈现给用户,使人们与计算机之间的交互更加的自然,同时具有广泛的应用前景,因此成为近年来的一个研究热点。随着跟踪注册技术的进步、计算机性能的飞速发展、深度摄像机的普及,以及Light Field投影技术在增强现实中的应用,增强现实技术逐渐成为下一代人机交互的发展方向。该文章首先概述了增强现实的主要研究内容和发展情况,并详细介绍了增强现实的关键技术、开发工具,然后分类概述了增强现实应用案例。     

同步辐射成像技术在材料科学中的应用——金属合金晶体生长原位可视化

金属及其合金是一类重要的结构和功能材料,广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、造船等行业.金属合金的宏观性能实质上取决于其微观组织,微观组织的演变通常是一个微米范畴的晶体生长过程.由于金属合金的不透明性以及结晶过程的高温环境,长期以来,金属合金的晶体生长过程如同一个黑匣子,一直不为人们所知,只能通过分析最终微观组织或者中间淬火组织来推断黑匣子里可能发生了哪些现象.同步辐射X射线实时成像技术的出现,为实现金属合金晶体生长的原位可视化提供了可能,从而找到了打开这一黑匣子的钥匙.文章介绍了金属合金晶体生长原位可视化研究工作的发展历程及最新进展,列举了应用同步辐射实时成像技术原位观察合金晶体生长行为的典型研究结果,并对该成像技术在金属材料领域的未来应用进行了展望.     

Visualization of 3D variable in time object based on data gathered by active measurement system

The recent needs of analysis and visualization of variable in time real 3D objects in many applications require development of new approach towards combining rapid 3D shape acquisition and the methodology of data processing in order to perform visualization and analysis of real 3D dynamic objects. In this paper, the general concept of visualization system of data gathered by means of optical 4D (x,y,z,t) shape measurement system is presented. The concept of a virtual camera, as the mean for interactive object visualization is introduced. The experimental results for processing of simulated and real variable in time 3D object are presented and discussed. The directions of future works focused on full implementation of the concept are introduced.     

Visualization of scientific arts and some examples of applications

In this paper, implementation and visualization of scientific arts are described using some examples of application in subject research areas, such as sculpture, archeology, fine arts and information aesthetics, which have been discussed through the Scientific Art Session at FLUCOME9, Tallahassee, Florida, 2007–9. In the application to sculpture, stereo visualization techniques, such as anaglyph stereo visualization and integral imaging technique, are introduced to realize the three-dimensional geometry of sculpture to enhance visual impact on the art. The second application is the flow visualization technique for archeology, where the vortices behind the river stones are studied to understand the origin of patterns on Jomon pottery. Interestingly, such vortex patterns also appear in the paintings of fine arts. The third example is the visualization of information aesthetics, where the Web information, such as public media and stock market, are visualized through scientific techniques. These examples of visualization of scientific arts provide the present state of the art in interdisciplinary visualization.     

Three-dimensional reproduction of shadowgrams

A method of generating a 3-D image of an object from its shadowgraphs is described. Unlike the previous techniques, this method involves a process of phase implantation into the shadowgrams by means of holography. We emphasize the reconstruction of a real image, so that precise measurements of its structure are possible. Results of the experiment are shown.     

增强现实系统虚实亮度评价方法研究

在增强现实系统中,虚拟物体与真实环境之间具有相匹配的亮度关系,会使虚实融合达到逼真的效果。为了获得虚实物体的亮度匹配,根据图像亮度处理的原理,对增强现实系统的虚实环境提出了整体和局部两种亮度评价算法,并对新型光学透视式头盔显示器的亮度匹配算法进行了改进,提高了系统效率。实验结果表明,对在不同情况下的真实环境和虚拟物体来说,这两种算法各有其优点,调节后的结果是理想的。     

Fourier transform profilometry: : a review

Fourier transform profilometry is one of the popular non-contact 3-D measurement methods, where a Ronchi grating or sinusoidal grating is projected onto a diffuse three-dimensional surface, and the resulting deformed grating image is detected by a CCD camera and processed by a computer. This method requires only one frame (or two frames) of the deformed fringe pattern in some algorithms to retrieve the surface of measured object, so it has obvious advantage for real time data acquisition and 3-D measurement of dynamic process. In this paper, we review some algorithms in FTP, discuss some important problems, including frequency spectra overlapping, phase unwrapping, sampling, and 3-D measurement of dynamic process. With the development of computer hardware and software and availability of high-resolution image grabber, FTP method will be a promising one for acquiring 3-D data of object, and more and more researchers pay attention to it.     

MRISim:磁共振成像仿真实验软件包

本文基于数值计算模拟技术,开发了模拟磁共振成像（MRI）数据采集与图像重建的仿真软件包——MRISim.虚拟数据采集部分通过对设备硬件、样品（标样或人体部位）进行物理数学建模后,构建原始模拟信号,并填充k空间,然后再基于k空间数据实现磁共振图像重建.该软件可以通过参数的任意调节对影响磁共振图像质量的因素进行可视化分析,包括11种常见伪影的特征和成因分析.我们的研究表明应用该仿真软件可以弥补台式MRI扫描仪价格昂贵、实验时间长等不足之处,实现对相关科技人员的批量化、规模化的实践操作培训.     

Numerical Method for Determining the Real Contact Area of Contacting Bodies

Analysis of the known techniques for simulating the surface microtopography indicates a substantial difference between the surface reliefs resultant from their application and real ones. In order to more accurately determine the surface microrelief, a numerical method is proposed making it possible to create a 3D surface roughness model ensuring accurate repetition of the relief of a real prototype. In turn, the resulting model geometry of the surface enables us to determine real actual contact areas and the relative positions of the protuberances and cavities of contacting surfaces. It is proved that the proposed method has advantages over known empirical dependences.     

基于ARM-Core4x 嵌入式软件平台的实现方法

针对基于ARM-Core4x微处理器的管脚功能可配置的特点,降低应用业务模块对硬件驱动层关注度及业务代码与驱动代码耦合性,提出了一种基于ARM-Core4x微处理器的嵌入式软件开发平台设计方法,该平台可提供了基于POSIX标准的硬件操作接口和操作系统及网络协议基本应用的接口,并通过子模块间逻辑调用机制的合理设计,实现了平台核心模块和应用模块独立编译且运行期间相互调用功能模块,实现开发平台的整体功能;通过对该平台软件的应用模块二次开发,减少用户应用开发对ARM微处理器硬件的关注度,使用户开发重点聚焦在应用及业务的实现上;实践证明,该软件平台可方便应用在低压继电保护装置以及智能化设备产品的开发,提高了用户应用开发效率和降低开发难度。     

基于Android网络恶意行为检测系统的应用研究

目前Android系统是当今网络用户最对的应用系统之一,而随着科学技术的发展,对于Android系统的恶意行为软件也逐渐增多,给当前的应用用户的财产以及私人信息安全带来了很大的威胁,严重的迟缓了当前移动通信网络技术以及相关于应用客户端的推广。为此本文根据Android系统的特有机构设计出一种基于Binder信息流的自动检测恶意行为系统,以此来解决对于当前网络安全对于Android系统用户带来的负面影响。根据目前网络中的应用通信信息,检测可能存在的泄露用户信息的应用软件为目标,建立信息矢量图以此来分析当前网络中的恶意行为。通过对软件进行检测,研究可实用性和检测效果,结果显示其识别率可以达到100%,并且软件运行只占有内存的7%,结果可以达到当前的Android用户的使用范围。     

Moiré gauging by projected interference fringes

The formation of Moiré patterns by doubly exposed photographs of projected interference fringes is analysed in detail. The possible applications of these patterns for the measurement of surface deformation and vibration, phase object visualization and height contouring are examined theoretically and experimentally.The described methods are closely related to holographic techniques, but they are usually simpler and applicable in unfavourable environments.     

A comparison of three quantitative schlieren techniques

We compare the results of three quantitative schlieren techniques applied to the measurement and visualization of a two-dimensional laminar free-convection boundary layer. The techniques applied are Schardin's “calibrated” schlieren technique, in which a weak lens in the field-of-view provides a calibration of light deflection angle to facilitate quantitative measurements, “rainbow schlieren”, in which the magnitude of schlieren deflection is coded by hue in the image, and “background-oriented schlieren” (BOS), in which quantitative schlieren-like results are had from measuring the distortion of a background pattern using digital-image-correlation software. In each case computers and software are applied to process the data, thus streamlining and modernizing the quantitative application of schlieren optics. (BOS, in particular, is only possible with digital-image-correlation software.) Very good results are had with the lens-calibrated standard schlieren method in the flow tested here. BOS likewise produces good results and requires less expensive apparatus than the other methods, but lacks the simplification of parallel light that they feature. Rainbow schlieren suffers some unique drawbacks, including the production of the required rainbow cutoff filter, and provides little significant benefit over the calibrated schlieren technique.     

On Scientific Data and Image Compression Based on Adaptive Higher-Order FEM

We present a novel compression algorithm for 2D scientific data and images based on exponentially-convergent adaptive higher-order finite element methods (FEM). So far, FEM has been used mainly for the solution of partial differential equations (PDE), but we show that it can be applied to data and image compression easily. The adaptive compression algorithm is trivial compared to adaptive FEM algorithms for PDE since the error estimation step is not present. The method attains extremely high compression rates and is able to compress a data set or an image with any prescribed error tolerance. Compressed data and images are stored in the standard FEM format, which makes it possible to analyze them using standard PDE visualization software. Numerical examples are shown. The method is presented in such a way that it can be understood by readers who may not be experts of the finite element method.     

Scientific Review: New Software for Neutron Scattering Data Visualization

New software for neutron scattering data visualization, reduction, and analysis is being developed at IPNS through collaboration between IPNS and the University of Wisconsin-Stout. Recent advances in this Integrated Spectral Analysis Workbench (ISAW) package include: 1) a data analysis package for Single Crystal Diffractometers, 2) a data reduction package for small angle scattering, 3) wizards-a new method of operation which allows the user to step through a series of input forms to do a complete analysis, and 4) a newly designed set of viewers which work with basic data arrays and thus do not require the more complex data objects used for the first generation of viewers.     

Mucosal Wave: A Normophonic Study Across Visualization Techniques

Visualization of vocal fold vibration is essential for accurate diagnoses and optimal treatment of persons with voice disorders. Recently, scientific and anecdotal reports have evidenced an increased amount of variation in the diagnostically relevant features of extent and symmetry of mucosal wave magnitude in normophonic speakers. The objectives of this study were to preliminarily ascertain the variation in mucosal wave magnitude and symmetry for normophonic speakers as assessed via standard and novel techniques, and compare findings across modal and pressed phonations. A correlational design with a multiple baseline across visualization methods approach was used. Mucosal wave presence, magnitude, and symmetry from 52 normophonic speakers were judged via stroboscopy, high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV) playback, mucosal wave playback, and mucosal wave kymography playback. Results demonstrate a prevalence of atypical magnitude and symmetry of mucosal wave during modal and pressed phonations by normophonic persons, differences across techniques, and a relationship between judgments and habitual fundamental frequency. Given the prevalence of mucosal wave magnitude and symmetry variations in the normophonic population, overdiagnosis may be possible without caution. The various visualization techniques provided unique information suggesting that it may be beneficial to use both full view and kymographic visualization techniques in combination. A major restriction of the current commercial HSV systems is the frame rate, typically limited to 2000 frames per second, which appears insufficient for most female habitual phonations.     

电视经纬仪复杂多目标图像处理软件系统的设计与实现

基于CCD电视经纬仪交会测量原理,分析了复杂多目标的特性和软件系统设计中图像处理与目标识别的难点和重点,采用面向对象技术,设计并实现了具有多态性的图像处理相关算法类.从软件工程化的角度评价了该软件系统用户界面的人机交互性,同时通过对系统失效模式的分类,给出了实际系统失效率的统计值.实测结果表明:该图像处理软件具有稳定、适用、有效等优点,对相关图像处理软件系统的设计和实现有一定的参考价值.