On Λ-generalized closed sets in topological spaces

We introduce new classes of sets called Λ _g -closed sets and Λ _g -open sets in topological spaces. We also investigate several properties of such sets. It turns out that Λ _g -closed sets and Λ _g -open sets are weaker forms of closed sets and open sets, respectively and stronger forms of g-closed sets and g-open sets, respectively. Dedicated to Professor Maximilian Ganster on the occasion of his 50th birthday     

Between *-closed sets and ℐ-<Emphasis Type="Italic">g</Emphasis>-closed sets in ideal topological spaces

Dontchev et al. [4] introduced the notion of ℐ-g-closed sets. In [16], the further properties of ℐ-g-closed sets are investigated. In this paper, we introduce the notion of ℐ-mg-closed sets and obtain the unified characterizations for certain families of subsets between *-closed sets and ℐ-g-closed sets in an ideal topological space.     

On ascending generalized neighborhood systems

We introduce generalized continuous functions defined by generalized open (= g-α-open, g-semi-open, g-preopen, g-β-open) sets in generalized topological spaces which are generalized (g, g′)-continuous functions. We investigate characterizations and relationships among such functions.     

Unification of generalized open sets on topological spaces

A new kind of sets called generalized μ-closed (briefly g μ-closed) sets are introduced and studied in a topological space by using the concept of generalized open sets introduced by á. Császár. The class of all g μ-closed sets is strictly larger than the class of all μ-closed sets. Furthermore, g-closed sets (in the sense of N. Levine [17]) is a special type of g μ-closed sets in a topological space. Some of their properties are investigated. Finally, some characterizations of μ _g -regular and μ _g -normal spaces have been given.     

Continuity of the straight line path for convex sets

IfA andB are closed nonempty sets in a locally convex space, the straight line path fromA toB is defined by the formulaφ(α)=cl (αA+(1−α)B), 0≦α≦1. IfA andB are convex, then continuity of the path with respect to the Hausdorff uniform topology is necessary for both connectedness and path connectedness ofA toB within the convex sets so topologized. We also produce internal necessary and sufficient conditions for continuity of the path between pairs of convex sets.     

On Λb-sets and the associated topologyτΛ b

We define the concept of Λ_b-sets (resp. V_b-sets) of a topological space, i.e., the intersection of b-open (resp. the union of b-closed) sets. We study the fundamental property of Λ_b-sets (resp. V_b-sets) and investigate the topologies defined by these families of sets.     

Optimization of convex functions on w*-compact sets

We give a direct, self-contained, and iterative proof that for any convex, Lipschitz andw ^*-lower semicontinuous function ϕ defined on aw ^*-compact convex setC in a dual Banach spaceX ^* and for any ε>0 there is anx∈X, with ‖x‖≤ε, such that ϕ+x attains its supremum at an extreme point ofC. This result is implicitly contained in the work of Lindenstrauss [9] and the work of Ghoussoub and Maurey on strongw ^*−H _σ sets [8]. In addition, we discuss the applications of this result to the geometry of convex sets. Research supported in part by the NSERC of Canada under grant OGP41983 for the first author and grant OGP7926 for the second author.     

Maximal sets in α-recursion theory

Let α be an admissible ordinal, and leta ^* be the Σ₁-projectum ofa. Call an α-r.e. setM maximal if α→M is unbounded and for every α→r.e. setA, eitherA∩(α-M) or (α-A)∩(α-M) is bounded. Call and α-r.e. setM amaximal subset of α^* if α^*−M is undounded and for any α-r.e. setA, eitherA∩(α^*-M) or (⇌^*-A)∩(α^*-M) is unbounded in α^*. Sufficient conditions are given both for the existence of maximal sets, and for the existence of maximal subset of α^*. Necessary conditions for the existence of maximal sets are also given. In particular, if α ≧ ℵ ^L then it is shown that maximal sets do not exist. Research partially supported by NSF Grant GP-34088 X. Some of the results in this paper have been taken from the second author’s Ph. D. Thesis, written under the supervision of Gerald Sacks.     

Onl p-complemented copies in Orlicz spaces

Let 1<α≦β<∞ andF be an arbitrary closed subset of the interval [α,β]. An Orlicz sequence spacel ^φ (resp. an Orlicz function spaceL ^φ(μ)) with associated indices α and β is found in such a way that the set of valuesp for which thel ^p-space is isomorphic to a complemented subspace ofl ^φ (resp.L ^φ(μ)) is precisely the given setF (resp.F ∪ {2}). Also, a recent result of Hernández and Peirats [1] is extended showing that, even for the case in which the indices satisfy α_φ ^∞<2<β_φ ^∞, there exist minimal Orlicz function spacesL ^φ(μ) with no complemented copy ofl ^p for anyp ≠ 2. Supported in part by CAICYT grant 0338-84.     

k-NN METHOD IN PARTIAL LINEAR MODEL UNDER RANDOM CENSORSHIP

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On quasi $${\mathcal{H}}$$ -closed subspaces

In this paper some properties concerning the notion of quasi H{\mathcal{H}} -closedness in topological spaces are obtained. Locally quasi H{\mathcal{H}} -closed spaces are studied. Properties of these types of spaces are investigated, when the subsets involved are α-open, semi-open, clopen, or preopen.     

The further unified theory for modifications of g-closed sets

We introduce a new set called mng-closedwhich is defined on a set with two families of sets satisfying some minimal conditions. This set enables us to unify modifications of g-closed sets due to Levine [19].      

The further unified theory for modifications of <Emphasis Type="Italic">λ</Emphasis>-closed sets and gΛ-sets using minimal structures

We introduce and study two new notions of sets called (Λ, mn)-closed sets and gΛ _mn -sets, which are defined on a nonempty set with two minimal structures. These sets enables us to unify modifications of λ-closed sets [1] and generalized Λ-sets [15], respectively. Moreover, we give a new characterization of the class of mn-T _1/2 [17] by using gΛ _mn -sets.     

On sets having finitely many points of local nonconvexity and propertyP m

If a pointq ofS has the property that each neighborhood ofq contains pointsx andy such that the segmentxy is not contained byS, q is called a point of local nonconvexity ofS. LetQ denote the set of points of local nonconvexity ofS. Tietze’s well known theorem that a closed connected setS in a linear topological space is convex ifQ=φ is generalized in the result:If S is a closed set in a linear topological space such that S ∼ Q is connected and |Q|=n<∞,then S is the union of n+1or fewer closed convex sets. Letk be the minimal number of convex sets needed in a convex covering ofS. Bounds fork in terms ofm andn are obtained for sets having propertyP _m and |Q|=n.     

Lattice-embeddingL p into Orlicz spaces

Given 0<α≤p≤β<∞, we construct Orlicz function spacesL ^F [0, 1] with Boyd indicesα andβ such thatL ^p is lattice isomorphic to a sublattice ofL ^F [0, 1]. Forp>2 this shows the existence of (non-trivial) separable r.i. spaces on [0, 1] containing an isomorphic copy ofL ^p . The discrete case of Orlicz spaces ℓ ^F (I) containing an isomorphic copy of ℓ ^p (Γ) for uncountable sets Γ ⊂I is also considered. Supported in part by DGICYT, grant PB91-0377.     

Onl p-complemented copies in Orlicz spaces II

For anyp > 1, the existence is shown of Orlicz spacesL ^F andl ^F with indicesp containingsingular l ^p-complemented copies, extending a result of N. Kalton ([6]). Also the following is proved:Let 1 <α ≦β < ∞and H be an arbitrary closed subset of the interval [α, β].There exist Orlicz sequence spaces l ^F (resp. Orlicz function spaces L^F)with indices α and β containing only singular l ^p-complemented copies and such that the set of values p > 1for which l ^p is complementably embedded into l^F (resp. L ^F)is exactly the set H (resp. H ∪ {2&#x007D;). An explicitly defined class of minimal Orlicz spaces is given. Supported in part by CAICYT grant 0338-84.     

On δ-I- open sets and decomposition of α-I-continuity

We introduce the notions of δ-I- open sets and semi δ-I-continuous functions in ideal topological spaces and investigate some of their properties. Additionally, we obtain decompositions of semi-I-continuous functions and α-I-continuous functions by using δ-I-open sets. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Optimization for products of concave functions

Ifh denotes the product of finitely many concave non-negative functions on a compact interval [a, b], then it is shown that there exist pointsα andβ witha≤α≤β≤b such thath is strictly increasing on [α, α), constant on (α, β), and strictly decreasing on (β, b]. This structure theorem leads to an extension of several classical optimization results for concave functions on convex sets to the case of products of concave functions.     

Ergodicity of cylinder flows arising from irregularities of distribution

LetT be the mod 1 circle group, α∈T be irrational and 0<β<1. LetE be the closed subgroup ofR generated by β and 1. DefineX=T×E andT:X→X byT(x, t)=(x+α,t+1 _[0,β] (x)−β). Then we have the theorem:T is ergodic if and only if β is rational or 1, α and β are linearly independent over the rationals. This paper was prepared while I was very graciously hosted by the Centro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City.