钯（Ⅱ）—phen—Cadion HSC三元配合物形成及分析应用研究

本文研究了钯（Ⅱ）与１，１０－邻菲罗啉和２－羟基－３－磺酸基－５－氯苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯的显色反应。结果表明，在吐温８０存在下，在ｐＨ９．５的Ｎａ２ＣＯ３－ＮａＨＣＯ３缓冲介质中，形成的三元配合物最大吸收波长位于５１８ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为９．４×１０＾４，钯（Ⅱ）量在０～１０μｇ／２５ｍｌ范围符合比耳定律。方法灵敏度高，选择性好。用于催化剂中钯含量的测定，结果满意。     

钴－5－（4－硝基苯偶氮）－8－（4－甲苯磺酰氨基）－喹啉配合物的极谱波研究

钴（Ⅱ）在ＨＡｃ－ＮａＮＯ＿２－吐温－８０－ＮＰＴＳＱ体系中有一灵敏的阴极极化导数波，其峰电位－１．００Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），钴浓度在４．０×１０￣（－９）～３．０×１０￣（－７）ｇ／ｍＬ范围内与峰电流有良好的线性关系。本文讨论了测定钴（Ⅱ）的最佳实验条件，对极谱波的性质进行了初步探讨，并作了维生素Ｂ＿（１２）中钴的测定，测定结果的相对标准偏差为３．７４％，回收率为９６～１０８％。     

萃取催化动力学分析法测定痕量钯

本文研究了在ｐＨ３．Ｏ的缓冲溶液中，利用邻菲罗嘛活化Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）催化水中溶解氧氧化二苯硫腙褪色的指示反应，建立了测定痕量钯的萃取催化动力学分析方法。方法的灵敏度为３．３×１０￣（－９）ｇ／ｍＬ，线性范围为７．５×１０￣（－９）～４．０×１０￣（－７）Ｇ／ｍＬ。用于钯催化剂中钯的测定，获得了满意的结果。     

O，O－二烷基氢膦酸酯的某些反应研究进展

本文介绍Ｏ，Ｏ－二烷基氢膦酸酯中发生在σ￣４λ￣Ｐ─Ｈ或σ￣３λ￣３Ｐ─ＯＨ键上的几类重要反应如烷基化反应、加成反应、Ａｔｈｅｒｔｏｎ－Ｔｏｄｄ反应等，以及这些反应在有机合成中的应用，并对某些新颖反应机理作初步探讨。     

（R）—α—萜品醇的不对称合成

在催化量的手性催化剂存在下，利用１－苯磺酰基－３－丁烯－２－酮与异戊二烯的不对称催化Ｄｉｅｌｓ－Ａｌｄｅｒ反应，合成了（Ｒ）－α－萜品醇５，光学纯度值达到９２％。     

高效液相色谱和高效液相色谱－质谱法测定粮食中互隔交链孢霉醇、互隔交链孢霉醇单甲醚及玉米赤霉烯酮

建立了粮食中互隔交链孢霉醇（ＡＯＨ）、互隔交链孢霉醇单甲醚（ＡＭＥ）和玉米赤霉烯酮（ＺＥＡ）三个毒素的ＨＰＬＣ定性定量分析法和粒子束ＬＣ－ＭＳ／ＥＩ￣＋鉴定方法。采用反相色谱,以８０％的甲醇水溶液作流动相,这三个毒素在Ｃ＿（１８）色谱柱上彼此间均获得较好的分离。方法对粮食中ＡＯＨ,ＡＭＥ两个毒素的回收率均在７９％以上。ＡＯＨ,ＡＭＥ两个毒素的最低检出限为１×１０￣（－９）ｇ。用所建方法对１００多个大骨节病病区、非病区的粮食样品进行了检测,结果为阴性。     

(R)-α-萜品醇的不对称合成

在催化量的手性催化剂存在下，利用１－苯磺酰基－３－丁烯－２－酮与异戊二烯的不对称催化Ｄｉｅｌｓ－Ａｌｄｅｒ反应，合成了（Ｒ）－α－萜品醇５，光学纯度值达到９２％．     

测定超氧化物歧化酶活性的一种新的极谱分析方法

报道一种测定超氧化物歧化酶活生的新极谱分析方法，在０．１２５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ３．Ｈ２Ｏ－０．７５ＭＯＬ／ｌ ｎｈ４ｃＬ－２．５％，Ｎａ２ＳＯ３－０．５％，吐温－８０－的介质中，ＳＯＤ在－０．５２Ｖ处产生一氧极谱催化波。ＳＯＤ在１．０×１０＾３Ｕ／Ｌ－４．０×１０＾３Ｕ／Ｌ的活性含量范围内与催化电流呈线性关系，检出限为８．０×１０＾２Ｕ／Ｌ。     

SO4^2—／ZrO2—SiO2催化剂的制备及其对乙酸／丁醇酯化反应的催化作用

用０．５￣１．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液处理ＺｒＯ２含量为３％￣５０％（摩尔分数）的锆硅复合氧化物，制得ＳＯ４＾２－／ＺｒＯ２－ＳｒＯ２催化剂。考察了催化剂对乙酸／丁醇酯化反应的催化作用及其制备条件（如：Ｚｒ／Ｓｉ比、沉淀剂、预焙烧温度、焙烧温度等）对催化剂性能的影响。实验结果表明，对于给定的反应，使用ＺｒＯ２含量约为１０％的ＳＯ４＾２－ＳｉＯ２催化剂时，乙酸的转化率高于９８％；而在相同条件下使     

一系列烷基对二烷氧基苯在不同硝化体系中反应的研究

２－烷基－１，４－二甲氧基苯１ａ－ｄ（烷基为ＣＨ３，ＣＨ３ＣＨ２，ＰｈＣＨ２，（ＣＨ３）３Ｃ）分别在ＨＮＯ３－ＨＯＡｃ和ＮＨ４ＮＯ３－ＨＯＡｃ中反应后生成占绝对优势的硝化产物２－烷基－５－硝基－１，４－二甲氧基苯４ａ－ｄ，而２－烷基－５－叔丁基－１，４－二甲氧基苯２ａ－ｄ及２，５－二叔丁基－１，４－二苄氧基苯３在上述二种硝化体系中的反应在很大程度上取决于所用的硝化体系的性质及反应物的结构。对上述反     

Characterization of Cinnamic Acid-Attached Nonionic Amphiphiles in UV Extinction,Emulsification, and In Vitro Toxicity

Cinnamic acid (CA) was covalently attached to nonionic surfactants by condensation reaction. The mass and the molar extinction coefficient of CA residue of each conjugate did not markedly deviate from those of free CA, indicating CA could absorb the UV light after being conjugated to the surfactants. When the concentration of the conjugates in aqueous phase was 0.1% and 1.0%, mineral oil could readily be emulsified by polyoxyehtylene(20) cetyl ether–CA conjugate (CE20–CA), polyoxyethylene(20) oleyl ether–CA conjugate (OE20–CA), and polyoxyehtylene(20) sorbitan monolaurate–CA conjugate (Tween 20–CA). The extinction coefficients of the surfactant–CA conjugates contained in O/W emulsion did not markedly deviate from those of the conjugates dissolved in water, suggesting that the conjugate could maintain their extinction coefficients when they coexisted with oil droplets. According to the result of 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the viability of cell (BALB/c 3T3 clone A31) was greater than 80% for all the surfactant–CA conjugates tested when the conjugate concentration was 0.2%. It is believed that CE20–CA, OE20–CA, and Tween 20–CA could be used as an emulsifier which absorbs UV light effectively.     

用杂多酸催化处理的重质松节油组成分析

对用杂多酸催化处理过的重质松节油的组成进行了分析．结果表明：重质松节油中润β-石竹保的含量从24．6％下降到2．6％左右．将催化处理后的重质松节油精馏，得到了含量80％以上的长叶烯。     

THE U.V. PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF CYTIDYLIC ACID

Abstract The ultraviolet (u.v.) irradiation of the 3' isomer of cytidylic acid (Cp) produces the hydrate (Cp*) with water added across the 5–6 double bond. The yield of this photo-product has been measured by, (a) separating the photoproduct by electrophoresis and (b) by observing the loss in absorbance. When corrections are made for reversal of the hydrate during the experiment, both methods gave the same result. Cross sections and quantum yields for the production of the hydrate were measured over the wavelength range 220 to 290 nm and over a pH range from 1 to 10. The quantum yield is markedly dependent on pH being higher by a factor of 6 to 10 for the neutral form. We have also demonstrated the existence of a very short lived photoproduct (half life 8–9 min) in both Cp3' and Cp5': The nature of this short lived product is not known.     

SURFACE MODIFICATION OF POLYPROPYLENE MICROPOROUS MEMBRANES BY THE ADSORPTION OF NON-IONIC SURFACTANTS

Surface modification by physical adsorption of a series of non-ionic surfactants including Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, Tween 80 and Tween 85, was accomplished on polypropylene microporous hollow fiber and flat membranes. The adsorption curve of the membrane surface was analyzed by weight measurements and the typical results showed a twoplatform character similarly. Differences in the degree and curve shape of adsorption resulting from such factors as concentration, temperature, as well as water cleaning time were observed for Tween 85 among other Tweens. Attenuated total reflection - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy observation showed that the adsorption of Tween on polypropylene microporous membrane （PPMM） is effective and occurs mainly in the pores of PPMMs at low adsorption amount, and on the membrane surface also at high adsorption value.     

Physicochemical Studies on Biological Macro- and Microemulsions VI : Mixing Behaviors of Eucalyptus Oil,Water and Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monolaurate (Tween 20) Assisted by n-Butanol or Cinnamic Alcohol

The phase behavior of Eucalyptus oil/ Tween 20/ Butanol/ Water and Eucalyptus oil/ Tween 20/ Cinnamic Alcohol/ Water systems have ben studied in detail. Both triangular and tetrahedral representations have been considered to understand the topological nature of the multicomponent mixtures. Shear viscosities of typical multiphasic compositions have been measured at different rates and temperatures. The samples have undergone shear thinning. The effect of temperature on the volumes of multiphasic compositions have been also investigated both increase and decrease of the extents of different phases have been witnessed. The enthalpy of dissolution of both water and oil in presence of amphiphile solutions in oil and water respectively have been determined calorimetrically. Considering the phase separation point to be the point of maximum solubility of microdroplets, the free energies and hence entropies ofsolution have been estimated. The above phy.sicochemical features have been also examined in presence of additives, viz, NaGI and urea.     

松节油催化水化混合物的气相色谱分析

In industry,terpineol is obtained from catalytic hydration of turpentine oil. The products in this reactionare very complicated so that it is difficult to monitor the reaction process. By using GC with PEG-20M col-umn under temperature programnung condition,the author analysed the hydrated mixtures of turpentine oil. The separation of isomers of turpentine oil or terpineol and the precision of quantitative analysis are good.     

The synergistic effect of polysorbate 80 upon the toxicity of tri-n-butyltin chloride

Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) was used as an emulsifying agent for administering tri-n-butyltin chloride (TBTCl) to rats below, at and above the LD₅₀ for the compound. Tween 80 greatly enhanced the toxicity of the organotin compound. The LD₅₀ in the presence of Tween 80 (16% of the emulsion) is less than half of the LD₅₀ when the TBTCl was administered in corn oil.     

Studies on preparation and absolute bioavailability of a self-emulsifying system containing puerarin

The purpose of the study was to develop an optimum formulation of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) containing puerarin and to evaluate its absolute bioavailability. Using oleic acid as oil, Tween-80 as surfactant and propylene glycol as cosurfactant, a series of mixtures comprising oleic acid, propylene glycol and Tween 80 were prepared and their self-emulsifying properties were studied. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the efficient self-emulsification region and particle sizes of the resultant emulsions were determined using a laser diffraction sizer. From these studies, an optimized formulation consisting of oil (17.5%), Tween-80 (34.5%) and cosurfactant (34.5%) was selected and its absolute bioavailability in beagle dogs after oral administration was about 24.8%. The data suggest the use of SEDDS to provide a potential way of puerarin administered orally.     

粘度法研究壳聚糖对外加盐的敏感性

聚电解质的特性粘度对外加盐的响应是反映聚电解质对外加盐敏感性的一个重要特征，通过分别测定壳聚糖在不同小分子强电解质（ＮａＣｌ、ＫＣｌ、ＣａＣｌ２、ＢａＣｌ２）和相同小分子强电解质（ＮａＣｌ）但不同离子强度的稀溶液粘度，得到：（１）壳聚糖特性粘度与外加盐的离子强度的平方根的倒数成正比；（２）不同小分子强电解质中阳离子对壳聚糖特性粘度的影响次序是Ｎａ＋＞Ｋ＋＞Ｂａ２＋＞Ｃａ２＋．同时，测算了壳聚糖在不同外加盐浓度中的Ｍａｒｋ Ｈｏｕｗｉｎｋ方程参数α，发现其值皆大于０５，得到了壳聚糖分子链的僵硬性参数Ｂ的值为００７４，揭示了壳聚糖具有较大的分子链刚性和抗盐性能．     

Mechanism of demulsification of oil-in-water emulsion in the centrifuge

Summary The mechanism of demulsification of 30% Nujol-70 % water emulsions with various surfactants has been studied using a Coulter Counter to monitor the particle size at various depths in the cream layer as a function of time of centrifugation. It was found that the cream layer is stratified with varying sizes of oil globules along the centrifuge cell. Coalescence of the oil globules occurs throughout the body of the cream as well as at the bulk oil-cream interface at high concentrations of Tween 80, and Sponto 221 emulsions whereas the bulk oil-cream interface is found to be the major site of coalescence at lower concentrations of Tween 80 and Gantrez AN 119 emulsions. The globule size at the bulk oil-cream interface reaches a plateau (steady state particle size), and subsequently the rate of oil separation decreases considerably in all cases. The steady state particle size is a function of the concentration of Tween 80, the particle size increasing with increase in concentration of Tween 80.With 10 figures