Zero-Level Pricing and the HARA Utility Functions

In the mathematical economics literature, the zero-level pricing method has been proposed to provide a unique price for a nonmarketable new asset. From the viewpoint of robust pricing theory, its disadvantage is that the method depends on the investor utility function and initial wealth. In some situations, the zero-level price is universal, namely, independent of the utility function and initial wealth. We show that only one parameter of the HARA (hyperbolic absolute risk aversion) utility function affects the zero-level price of a new asset. This implies that, if this parameter is fixed, the zero-level price is identical for all individuals with HARA utility functions and different levels of initial wealth. This research was partially supported by Grant NSC 95-2221-E-155-049.     

Using Hook Schur Functions to Compute Matrix Cocharacters

We develop a new integration method based on hook Schur functions instead of Schur functions to compute the cocharacters of matrices. We then use this method to compute some of the multiplicities in the cocharacter sequence of 3 × 3 matrices.     

关于巨灾债券定价模型的研究

巨灾债券的定价是巨灾债券的核心技术及难题。本文从两个方面来分析巨灾债券的定价:首先从规范学的角度来分析巨灾债券的定价,以金融衍生品的无套利定价方法确定巨灾债券的价格,即"巨灾债券价格应该为多少";其次,从实证学角度分析巨灾债券的定价,以利用精算学中的Wang变换和双因素变换模型为定价方法,分析巨灾债券的价格,即"巨灾债券价格是多少",通过对实际巨灾债券的价格实证分析得到:双因素模型能更好的拟合实际价差,对单一事件单一期限的巨灾债券,运用双因素模型得到较高的拟合优度。     

The Dynamic Interaction of Speculation and Diversification

A discrete time model of a financial market is developed, in which heterogeneous interacting groups of agents allocate their wealth between two risky assets and a riskless asset. In each period each group formulates its demand for the risky assets and the risk‐free asset according to myopic mean‐variance maximizazion. The market consists of two types of agents: fundamentalists, who hold an estimate of the fundamental values of the risky assets and whose demand for each asset is a function of the deviation of the current price from the fundamental, and chartists, a group basing their trading decisions on an analysis of past returns. The time evolution of the prices is modelled by assuming the existence of a market maker, who sets excess demand of each asset to zero at the end of each trading period by taking an offsetting long or short position, and who announces the next period prices as functions of the excess demand for each asset and with a view to long‐run market stability. The model is reduced to a seven‐dimensional nonlinear discrete‐time dynamical system, that describes the time evolution of prices and agents' beliefs about expected returns, variances and correlation. The unique steady state of the model is determined and the local asymptotic stability of the equilibrium is analysed, as a function of the key parameters that characterize agents' behaviour. In particular it is shown that when chartists update their expectations sufficiently fast, then the stability of the equilibrium is lost through a supercritical Neimark–Hopf bifurcation, and self‐sustained price fluctuations along an attracting limit cycle appear in one or both markets. Global analysis is also performed, by using numerical techniques, in order to understand the role played by the chartists' behaviour in the transition to a regime characterized by irregular oscillatory motion and coexistence of attractors. It is also shown how changes occurring in one market may affect the price dynamics of the alternative risky asset, as a consequence of the dynamic updating of agents' portfolios.     

考虑时间效应的机器负荷分配模型

机器人高低负荷分配问题是动态规划的应用之一,但该问题的动态规划模型一般都没有考虑资金,产值的时间价值效应,本在机器负荷分配的原动态规划模型基础之上,加入了时间因索,建立了考虑时间效应的机器高低负荷分配的动态规划模型,从而扩大了原模型的适应范围。     

A Reduced-Form Model for Valuing Bonds with Make-Whole Call Provisions

Abstract

We develop a reduced-form valuation model for bonds with make-whole call provisions. Informed by the structural differences between callable bonds with fixed call prices and callable bonds with make-whole call provisions, we specify our reduced-form model so that the call spread depends inversely on the default intensity. Using a sample of make-whole callable bonds, we estimate the parameters of our model using the extended Kalman filter and compare the performance of our model with the performance of a well-known reduced-form model for fixed-price callable bonds.     

效用函数理论及其应用研究

分析了效用函数理论,提出了图书效用函数,并分析其性质.得出图书最大效用化的约束条件.指导图书馆文献资源建设.     

幂效用函数的无差别定价和套期保值

研究了多维扩散模型幂效用函数的无差别定价和套期保值.通过动态规划方法得到了未定权益的无差别定价和套期保值策略.并证明了无差别定价与风险厌恶指数无关的.     

A Multivariate Global Optimization Using Linear Bounding Functions

Recently linear bounding functions (LBFs) were proposed and used to find -global minima. This paper presents an LBF-based algorithm for multivariate global optimization problems. The algorithm consists of three phases. In the global phase, big subregions not containing a solution are quickly eliminated and those which possibly contain the solution are detected. An efficient scheme for the local phase is developed using our previous local minimization algorithm, which is globally convergent with superlinear/quadratic rate and does not require evaluation of gradients and Hessian matrices. To ensure that the found minimizers are indeed the global solutions or save computation effort, a third phase called the verification phase is often needed. Under adequate conditions the algorithm finds the -global solution(s) within finite steps. Numerical testing results illustrate how the algorithm works, and demonstrate its potential and feasibility.     

带重置条款的可转债定价模型及其实证研究

给出了附有巴黎期权特性的重置条款的可转债定价模型,通过把实际交易日数作为时间变量的节点数,以及把实际股价作为股价变量的节点之一,建立不等间距立体网格,采用有限差分方法求解模型,得到了海化转债的价格路径.结果表明,理论价值较好地反映了市场价值的变化趋势,重置条款提高了可转债价值,这对可转债的投资决策具有重要意义.     

Computing Special Functions by Using Quadrature Rules

The usual tools for computing special functions are power series, asymptotic expansions, continued fractions, differential equations, recursions, and so on. Rather seldom are methods based on quadrature of integrals. Selecting suitable integral representations of special functions, using principles from asymptotic analysis, we develop reliable algorithms which are valid for large domains of real or complex parameters. Our present investigations include Airy functions, Bessel functions and parabolic cylinder functions. In the case of Airy functions we have improvements in both accuracy and speed for some parts of Amos's code for Bessel functions.     

基于DEJD模型的人口寿命预测及SM债券定价

人口老龄化背景下的长寿风险,将会给国家养老保障体系带来极大的经济负担.如何度量和管理长寿风险,己成为近年来世界各国关注和研究的焦点.本文基于我国人口死亡率数据,在Lee-Carter模型的基础上,引入DEJD模型刻画时间序列因子的跳跃不对称性,并证实了 DEJD模型比Lee-Carter模型在拟合时间序列因子时更为有效...     

期望效用函数理论及其应用

分析了期望效用函数理论,并将其运用于图书馆的管理工作,从中发现其规律性.为图书馆的科学管理提供了一条有效的途径.     

考虑决策者给出部分属性期望的风险型多属性决策方法

针对决策者给出部分属性期望的风险型多属性决策问题,提出了一种决策分析方法。在该方法中,首先,依据决策者在各自然状态下给出的属性期望信息,将原始决策问题转化为没有属性期望和具有属性期望的两个独立的风险型多属性决策问题;然后,针对没有属性期望的风险型多属性决策问题,依据期望效用理论,计算各属性下属性值所对应的效用值,进而得到每个方案的综合效用值;进一步地,针对具有属性期望的风险型多属性决策问题,依据累积前景理论,将决策者给出的属性期望视为属性的参照点,进而计算各属性值的前景价值及决策权重函数值并计算每个方案的综合累积前景值;在此基础上,计算得到每个方案的总体效用值,并依据总体效用值的大小对所有方案进行排序。最后,通过一个算例说明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

Using Cumulant Functions in Queueing Theory

A new approach for obtaining the transient solution for the first and second moments of the system size in a finite capacity M/M/1 queueing systems is developed. The approach uses the cumulant generating function which has previously been used in the analysis of compartmental models but has not been used to analyze queueing systems.     

可转换债券最优转换时点模型研究

可转换债券在我国是一种比较新的金融工具,在资本市场上的地位也越来越重要.并被誉为是上市公司再融资三驾马车之一.具有债性、股性及期权性三大特征.不同于以往复杂的定价模型,本文以可转换债券的“期权价值”为基础,利用实物期权思想,提出一个简单的模型对可转换债券的最优转换时点进行研究,并给出相应的模型刻画.     

基于效用函数的质量模型研究

在标准形式的CES效用函数的基础上引入饱和需求量，得出扩展形式的CES效用函数，展现其新的数量特征，并进一步利用质量效用函数模型描述劣质品和吉芬商品的需求特性．     

五参效用函数

在Denis(2007)提出的三参效用函数(FTP)的基础上,提出了五参效用函数(FFP).FFP可以描述更广泛的风险厌恶行为,它包含一种典型的双曲绝对风险厌恶效用函数(HARA)的情形,且是FTP的进一步推广.     

多周期公用工程系统运行的模型,优化方法与应用

针对多周期公用工程系统的运行优化问题，考虑了设备的启停费用的情况下。建立了混合整数非线性规划模型并证明了最优解的存在性。针对该运行优化问题本将其分解成若干子问题，然后利用改进的Hooke-Jeeves优化算法求解每个子问题。应用于具体实例，其数值结果与其它方法得到的相比。运行时间短，且更适合多周期公用工程问题的求解。     

基于均值和CVaR的效用最大化模型研究

本文利用CVaR方法代替方差或VaR来度量风险,建立了关于期望和CVaR的效用最大化模型,研究了n种风险资产的投资决策问题。在效用函数是凹的假设下,首先得到了无差异曲线的特征及均值-CVaR模型有效边界的性质,然后利用这些结论得到了效用最大值存在的条件及其最优解的性质特征,给出了求解的具体步骤和算法,并分析了最大效用点的经济含义.最后,一个基于中国股票市场真实数据的数值算例说明了本文的结论及应用。