Photonic generation of microwave frequency shift keying signals using a dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator

Optical Review - A novel method to generate microwave frequency shift keying (FSK) signals based on a dual-polarization quadrature phase shift-keying (DP-QPSK) modulator is proposed and verified by...     

低信噪比下PSK信号的载频估计（英）

针对电子侦察中PSK信号的载频估计问题,提出一种低信噪比下载频估计新方法。该方法将PSK信号划分为等长度的交叠区间,提取各个区间内信号频谱的聚集性测度作为特征参数,然后将此特征参数导入网格密度聚类算法,以聚类结果作为载频估计特征类,最后将特征类对应的频谱叠加后提取峰值得出信号载频估计值。该方法避免了传统PSK信号载频估计的非线性运算,显著降低了PSK信号载频估计的信噪比门限,且无需先验知识,适合于电子侦察场合。仿真实验结果证实了该方法在低信噪比下PSK信号载频估计的有效性。     

All-fiber-based photonic microwave generation with 10-15 frequency instability

We demonstrate an all-fiber-based photonic microwave generation with 10^-15frequency instability.The system consists of an ultra-stable laser by optical fiber delay line,an all-fiber-based"figure-of-nine"optical frequency comb,a high signal-tonoise ratio photonic detection unit,and a microwave frequency synthesizer.The whole optical links are made from optical fiber and optical fiber components,which renders the whole system compactness,reliability,and robustness with respect to enviro...     

Reconfigurable all-optical dual-directional half-subtractor for high-speed differential phase shift keying signal based on semiconductor optical amplifiers

All-optical digital logic elementary circuits are the building blocks of many important computational operations in future high-speed all-optical networks and computing systems. Multifunctional and reconfigurable logic units are essential in this respect. Employing the demodulation properties of delay interferometers for input differential phase shift keying signals and the gain saturation effect in two parallel semiconductor optical amplifiers, a novel design of 40 Gbit/s reconfigurable all-optical dual-directional half-subtractor is proposed and demonstrated. All output logic results show that the scheme achieves over 11=dB extinction ratio, clear and wide open eye diagram, as well as low polarization dependence (< 1 dB), without using any additional input light beam. The scheme may provide a promising candidate for future ultrafast all-optical signal processing applications.     

Steepest-descent method-based adaptive frequency domain equalizer in coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with quadrature phase shift keying modulation

An adaptive frequency domain equalizer (A-FDE) in quadrature phase shift keying-coherent optical-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (QPSK-CO-OFDM) system is proposed in this paper. A-FDE uses steepest descent method to search the optimal equalization parameters. And through applying the adaptive control factor (ACF) to monitor the state of A-FDE, the interference from phase noise (PN) and chromatic dispersion (CD) can be mitigated. The numerical simulation shows that the performance of A-FDE has a remarkable improvement on combating PN and CD comparing with the conventional decision-directed equalizer (DDE). And the A-FDE can achieve the forward-error-correction (FEC) threshold in noisier scenario. Furthermore, because the calculation of ACF only bases on valid data instead of pilot symbols (PSs), A-FDE has low PS overhead merit.     

All-optical phase and amplitude regeneration of return-to-zero differential phase shift keying data

We report a novel implementation of an all-optical rephasing, reshaping, and reamplification differential phase shift keying (DPSK) regenerator. The rephasing is based on converting phase noise into amplitude noise by using an interferometric configuration and then eliminating the amplitude noise by using a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The reshaping is performed using gain competition and gain compression in a saturated SOA. The scheme was tested using 10Gbit/s, 2(23)-1 pseudorandom bit sequence return-to-zero DPSK data. The measurement shows removal of the degraded data error floor with a 6 order-of-magnitude improvement in bit-error rate. The measured negative power penalty is about 4dB. Mathematical analysis shows a reduction in DPSK phase-noise power by half.     

基于幅值相位型离散Hopfield神经网络的多进制振幅键控盲检测

针对统计量算法盲检测多进制振幅键控(MPSK)信号的缺陷, 提出了一种幅值相位型连续多值复数Hopfield神经网络算法, 构造了适用于MPSK信号的幅相型离散多电平激活函数,并分别在异步和同步更新模式下证明了该神经网的稳定性.当该神经网的权矩阵借助接收数据补投影算子构成时, 该幅相型离散Hopfield神经网络可有效地实现MPSK信号盲检测. 仿真试验表明:该算法所需接收数据较短,可到达全局真解点,并且适用于含公零点信道.     

Optical carrier Brillouin processing of microwave photonic signals

We introduce a novel concept in Brillouin signal processing based on modification of the optical carrier's magnitude and phase by stimulated Brillouin scattering-induced depletion. The technique offers wideband processing and low noise and requires only low optical power. Application to the enhancement of a 25-km high-frequency analog link is experimentally demonstrated and yields a 6.5-GHz bandwidth extension and a 13-dB reduction in the link insertion loss without intermodulation distortion.     

Photonic generation of amplitude-and phase-modulated microwave signals with frequency and modulation bit-rate tunability

A photonic approach for the generation of an amplitude- and phase-modulated microwave signal with tun-able frequency and modulation bit-rate is proposed and demonstrated. Two coherent optical wavelengths are generated based on external modulation by biasing a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) at the minimum transmission point to generate ±1-order optical sidebands while suppressing the optical carrier. The two sidebands are sent to a circulator and are then spectrally separated by a fiber Bragg grating notch filter. With one sideband being amplitude-modulated at another MZM and the other being phase-modulated at a phase modulator, a frequency-tunable amplitude-and phase-modulated microwave signal is generated by beating the two sidebands at a photodetector. The proposed technique is investigated theoretically and experimentally. As a result, a 20-GHz amplitude-modulated, 20-GHz phase-modulated, and 25-GHz amplitude-and phase-modulated microwave signals with tunable modulation bit-rate are experimentally generated.     

Multitap microwave photonic filters with programmable phase response via optical frequency comb shaping

We present a programmable multitap microwave photonic filter with an arbitrary phase response operating over a broad bandwidth. Complex coefficient taps are achieved by optical line-by-line pulse shaping on a 10 GHz flat optical frequency comb using a novel interferometric scheme. Through high-speed real-time measurements, we demonstrate programmable chirp control of a waveform via phase filtering. This achievement enables us to compress broadband microwave signals to their corresponding bandwidth-limited pulse duration.     

基于光纤的新型矢量和微波光子移相器

针对相控阵天线中基于光纤的微波光子移相器原理进行研究,并在此基础上设计了新型方案,通过引入可调分光器和保偏光纤来精确控制相移,降低了移相器的复杂性和相干干涉损耗,增强了移相器的可控性。研究了分光系数和频率对信号相位和幅度的影响,实现了超过140的移相,并可通过功率放大器来补偿信号幅度损失     

High speed optical transmission utilizing constant envelope modulation based on frequency shift keying and minimum-shift keying

A novel 40-Gb/s constant envelope optical frequency shift keying （FSK） transmitter and the transmission characteristics are investigated both by simulation and experiment. Meanwhile, to increase the spectrum efficiency of FSK, we propose a novel optical minimum-shift keying （MSK） scheme and analyze its per-formance compared with other MSK schemes and other traditional modulation formats. Simulation and experimental results show that the novel FSK scheme could be a potential candidate for the future high speed transmission and label switching systems. And the novel MSK scheme deserves future deep research for its potential excellent performance.     

1维微波光子晶体频率选择性反射面

研究了一种由多层介质交替排列的1维微波光子晶体,应用传输矩阵法计算和分析了该结构周期数、波的入射角、介质的相对介电常数以及介质层厚度等对其频率选择特性的影响,并具体给出了一个可行的设计方案。所设计的频率选择表面在3.2～4.0 GHz频率范围内,反射系数大于0.99,在9.5～9.7 GHz频率范围内透射系数大于0.98。     

1维微波光子晶体频率选择性反射面

研究了一种由多层介质交替排列的1维微波光子晶体,应用传输矩阵法计算和分析了该结构周期数、波的入射角、介质的相对介电常数以及介质层厚度等对其频率选择特性的影响,并具体给出了一个可行的设计方案。所设计的频率选择表面在3.2~4.0 GHz频率范围内,反射系数大于0.99,在9.5~9.7 GHz频率范围内透射系数大于0.98。     

Reconfigurable microwave photonic transversal filter using a variable gain tilt filter

A novel and simple technique to realize reconfigurable microwave photonic transversal filter is presented. In the proposed method, a multi-wavelength source and a dispersive medium are applied to achieve multiple taps; and an electro-optic ceramic material-based variable gain tilt filter (VGTF) is utilized to control the tap weights of the filter. The VGTF is computer-controlled via a universal serial bus interface, which enables real-time reconfiguration of the filter. Filter responses with different passband bandwidth and different sidelobe suppression can be achieved. Compared with previous approaches, the given method features in less optical components involved and faster response speed. A three-tap reconfigurable filter with sub-millisecond response speed is experimentally demonstrated.     

A novel modulation and direct detection scheme of optical phase shift keying

This paper introduces a new modulation and direct detection scheme of optical phase shift keying (PSK)which is simple and practical in fiber optical communication. A phase modulator is used to modulate a continuous wave (CW) laser source and return-to-zero (RZ) signal that is changed from the initial transmitting information is used to control a phase modulator to form a optical PSK signal. In the receiver terminal, just add a signal delayed a half of one bit to itself so that the initial information can be restored.     

Ultralow phase noise microwave generation with an Er:fiber-based optical frequency divider

We present an optical frequency divider based on a 200 MHz repetition rate Er:fiber mode-locked laser that, when locked to a stable optical frequency reference, generates microwave signals with absolute phase noise that is equal to or better than cryogenic microwave oscillators. At 1 Hz offset from a 10 GHz carrier, the phase noise is below -100 dBc/Hz, limited by the optical reference. For offset frequencies >10 kHz, the phase noise is shot noise limited at -145 dBc/Hz. An analysis of the contribution of the residual noise from the Er:fiber optical frequency divider is also presented.     

A novel method of high speed frequency shift keying modulation in mm waves

To place a high speed switching diode in the cavity of the mm wave scillator has the behavior equivalent to an inductive post. The on-and-off switching of the diode will give rise to the change of inductance, hence the change of parameters of the cavity, and the osaillating frequency. In this article, the basic principle and the measured result are given. It is found that this is an efficient method in high speed frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation for a mm wave transmitter in communication.