翠雀花的生物碱成分

从翠雀花根的乙醇提取物中分得两个新的C~2二萜生物碱:翠雀花定(1)和乙酰翠雀花定(2)经谱图分析(IR, ^1H和^13C NMR, )推定了它们的结构。迄今报告的C~20二萜生物碱中, 1和2在结构上是具有含氧了取代基最多的两例药理试验表明,2有镇痛作用。     

新疆丰产伊犁翠雀化学成分研究

为了开发新疆的伊犁翠雀(Del phinium Iliense Huth),我们对其化学成分进行了研究,分离得到8种晶体,均为在该植物中首次发现,其中刺乌碱含量较高,并可作为非成瘾镇痛药(多用于晚期癌痛)用于临床,该发现为开发利用这一有毒野生植物,提供了科学依据。 1 仪器 显微熔点仪;NICOLET-5DX FTIR光谱仪,KBr压片;日本岛滓UV-     

青海翠雀化学成分的研究

用柱层析、制备薄层层析等对青海翠雀的化学成份进行了分离，并用IR，FA， MS，1HNMR，13C NMR及DEPT等光谱确定了化合物的结构，共分得5种二萜生物碱， 其中一种为新化合物，还分得一种非生物碱β-谷甾醇．     

帕米尔翠雀花的多糖成分及其活性研究

采用热水提取、乙醇沉淀、除蛋白等方法提取帕米尔翠雀花多糖成分,并对制备的帕米尔翠雀花多糖样品DL90的组成与含量进行了分析。根据红外光谱中的糖类化合物的特征峰,确认DL90主要含有糖类化合物。实验对DL90碳水化合物、蛋白质含量分别进行了测定,结果显示其含量分别为59.5%和4.6%。采用高效液相色谱分析对照品单糖组成,显示DL90是由甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和阿拉伯糖5种单糖构成的杂多糖。为了探索帕米尔翠雀花的潜在应用价值,利用半叶枯斑法检测了DL90的抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)活性。在体生物活性测试显示,在浓度为500 mg/mL时,DL90对感染TMV的保护作用、治疗作用和钝化活性,与阳性对照接近,表明DL90具有显著的抗TMV活性。该研究可为新疆高原植物帕米尔翠雀花的开发利用奠定基础。     

翠雀花明的化学结构

分自大花翠雀(delphinium grandiflorum)地上部分的一个新二萜生物碱,命令为翠雀花明(delgramine,1),根据IR,MS,^1H和^13CNMR,OFR及^1H-^1HNOESY,^13C-^1HCOSY二维谱阐明了其化学结构.     

顶空固相微萃取气质联用分析伊犁翠雀花中挥发性成分

采用顶空固相微萃取气质联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)法对伊犁翠雀花挥发性成分进行提取并鉴定,以色谱峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对百分含量。结果表明,伊犁翠雀花中鉴定的挥发性成分为38个,其主要成分为(E)-2-庚烯醛(7.76%)、苯甲醛(7.62%)、正辛醇(7.16%)、3,5-辛二烯-2-酮(6.12%)、已醛(3.53%)、1,4-二甲氧基苯(3.27%)、壬醛(3.12%)、反-β-金合欢烯(2.92%)等,伊犁翠雀花的主要挥发性成分为醛类、芳香族、酮类、醇和萜类化合物。     

火棘叶挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从火棘叶中提取挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用方法分析火棘叶挥发油化学成分,并以面积归一法测定各成分的相对含量。从火棘叶挥发油中共鉴定出69种化合物,占挥发油总量的80.52%,主要成分为(-)-b-杜松烯(22.62%)、植物醇(19.90%)、二环倍半水芹烯(5.95%)、β-桉叶醇(5.78%)、1,2,3,4,4a,7-六氢-1,6-二甲基-4-(1-甲基乙基)-萘(2.78%)、表圆线藻烯(2.34%)等。     

弯距翠雀花中二萜生物碱的结构鉴定

从弯距翠雀花(Delphinium campylocentrum Maxim.)全草中分离得到7种二萜生物碱, 其中弯翠生(1)和弯翠亭(2)为两个新的C₁₉-二萜生物碱, 其余5个为已知的二萜生物碱. 化合物1和2的结构通过现代波谱技术, 包括二维核磁共振谱和高分辨质谱, 予以了确证.     

墓头回挥发油化学成分的研究

墓头回也叫箭头风,为败酱科植物异叶败酱[Patrinia Heterophylla Bge.]和糙叶败酱[PatriniuScabra Bge.]的根,能治伤寒、温疟,妇女崩中,赤白带下,跌打损伤等疾病,对艾氏癌细胞有抑制及伤害作用。墓头回挥发油的化学成分尚未见报道。本文采用毛细管气相色谱-质谱法对墓头回挥发油的化学成分进行了研究。色谱分离出50多个组分,质谱确定了其中30个组分的化学成分,占总色谱流出峰面积的56.32％。此外还有10个结构尚未完全确定的倍半萜烯,占色谱总流出峰面积的8.50％;3个倍半萜烯醇,占色谱总流出峰面积的4.71％;2     

雪香兰挥发油化学成分的研究

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法从雪香兰中提取挥发油,利用GC—Ms联用仅对其化学成分进行分析,用归一化法计算各组分的相对百分含量。经毛细管气相色谱分离出33个峰,共确认了其中31种成分,占总油量的98％。其主要成分是斯巴醇、α-石竹烯、1-乙烯基-1-甲基-2-（1-甲基乙烯基）4-（1-甲基二乙烯基）-环己烷、3,7,11-三甲基．1,6,10-十二碳三烯-3-醇等。     

Analysis of the essential oil composition of eight Anthemis species from Greece

The volatile composition of eight Anthemis species has been studied. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a modified Clevenger-type apparatus, and their analyses were performed by GC and GC-MS. Identification of the substances was made by comparison of mass spectra and retention indices with literature records. A total of 284 different compounds were identified and significant qualitative and quantitative differences and similarities were observed among the samples. The main constituents of the investigated populations of each taxon have been revealed as follows: A. altissima: (-)-linalool, trans-caryophyllene, cis-chrysanthenyl acetate; A. auriculata: spathulenol, trans-caryophyllene, beta-eudesmol; A. chia: cis-chrysanthenyl acetate, trans-caryophyllene, germacrene-d; A. cotula: germacrene-d, spathulenol A. tinctoria: spathulenol, (-)-caryophyllene oxide, T-cadinol; A. melanolepis: p-cymene, chrysanthenone, trans-verbenol, (-)-caryophyllene oxide; A. tomentosa: (-)-linalool, 1,8-cineole; A. werneri subsp. werneri: nopol, terpineol-4, trans-caryophyllene. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were shown to be the main group of constituents of all taxa.     

Production of essential oil from Cumin seeds

Steam distillation of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds was studied to show the effects of particle size, batch size, and distillation rate on their essential oil recovery. Experiments were carried out both on bench and pilot scale. The composition of the oil was analyzed by GC/MS.Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 214–216, May–June, 2000.     

Analysis of the essential oil of Amsonia illustris

The root and leaf essential oils, present in trace amounts in Amsonia illustris Woods. (Apocynaceae), were isolated by steam distillation and their chemical constituents identified by GC-FID and GC-MS. More than 80% of the thirty volatile compounds in the leaf oil were identified, the major constituents being mainly sesquiterpenes like a-humulene (14.5%), beta-caryophyllene (12.4%) and guaiol (11.6%). The volatile ingredients of the root oil were pinocampheol, methyl salicylate, (2E,4E)- decadienal, eugenol and trans-isoeugenol.     

2,12′-bis-hamazulenyl from Ajania fruticulosa essential oil

A new bisazulene, the structure of which was established using x-ray structure analysis and PMR and ¹³C NMR spectra, was isolated from essential oil of Ajania fruticulosa obtained by steam distillation. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 246–247, May–June, 2006.     

纤维素酶前处理没药挥发油成分的GC/MS分析

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法分别从未处理和纤维素酶前处理的没药中提取挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)联用技术对其挥发油成分进行分析。从中分别鉴定出38种和34种化学成分,用峰面积归一法通过数据处理系统得出各化学成分在挥发油中的质量分数,占挥发油总成分的67.95%和70.05%。     

2-undecanone rich leaf essential oil from Zanthoxylum armatum

The leaf essential oils of Zanthoxylum armatum DC (Rutaceae) from Kumaon, India, extracted by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major classes of compounds found in the leaf oils were acyclic and menthane monoterpenoids as well as simple alcohols, aldehydes and ketones. The high proportion of non-terpenic acyclic ketones, notably 2-undecanone and 2-tridecanone, and the low abundance of undec-10-en-1-al and p-phellandren-8-ol make the composition entirely new. Other constituents present in significant amounts were oxygenated monoterpenes, which include 1,8-cineole, linalool, terpinen-4-ol, and alpha-terpineol, and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons represented mainly by trans-caryophyllene, a-humulene and germacrene D. On the contrary, the oil distilled from the leaves on the second day of distillation was characterized by a high content of 2-tridecanone (27.1%) and trans-caryophyllene (7.4%), as compared with 3.5% and 4.6%, respectively, for the fresh leaves; a slight decrease in pH of the distillate was also significant. Moreover, the presence of a high 2-undecanone content followed by 2-tridecanone is being reported for the first time for Z. armatum from this region. In terms of molecular diversity, the simple acyclic ketones dominate the essential oils as compared with linalool that was reported in several previous studies on Z. armatum. Therefore, the two acyclic ketones may be utilized to establish the origin and authenticity of the material.     

Characterization of essential oil recovered from fennel horticultural wastes

Fennel crop has been traditionally used as spice in cooking and fragrances, and in folk medicine for its spectrum of useful properties. Mediterranean is the elective natural cultivation area for this plant with Italy being a leader producer. A limit of this production is due to the high amount of wastes derived still rich of phytochemicals, which are usually underused. Hence, the extraction and characterization of essential oil from residues of fennel horticultural market was investigated to understand the potential profit of their recycling. Forty-eight compounds resulted for fennel oil waste, analysed by GC-FID-MS, with the most abundant among components was anethole. Other constituents contributing to fennel flavour were the monoterpenes limonene and nerol. The exploitation of this oil as a good source of bioactive compounds was assessed by means of its antioxidant power measured with DPPH test.     

Isolation of cyclocolorenone from the essential oil ofLedum palustre

Summary From a carbon dioxide extract and also from the essential oil of the leaves ofLedum palustre L. the sesquiterpene ketone cyclocolorenone, hitherto unreported for this medicinal plant, has been isolated. The structure proposed for it previously has been confirmed by NMR and mass spectroscopy and also by the production of hydrogenation products.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 212–215, March–April, 1978.