Bursting dynamics in parametrically driven memristive Jerk system

Compared with general nonlinear systems, multi-time scale system has complex bursting dynamics and has received widespread attention. A memristor-based Jerk system with parametric excitation is proposed in this study. As the selected excitation frequency is far less than the natural frequency, implying the existence of an order gap between the excitation frequency and the natural one, the system can be considered as a classic fast-slow system with two timescales. In our system, when the slow-varying parameters periodically pass through the critical pitchfork bifurcation point periodically, a distinct time delay behavior can be observed. Complex bursting oscillations induced by the delayed pitchfork are revealed with different excitation amplitudes. By virtue of the fast-slow analysis method, the corresponding generation mechanisms are discussed by the transformed phase portraits, the time series, and the phase portraits. As the delay time interval induced by the pitchfork bifurcation is dependant not only on the excitation amplitude, but also on the excitation frequency, some excitation frequency related bursting patterns are also considered in our study. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to verify the validity of the study.     

A memristive map with coexisting chaos and hyperchaos

By introducing a discrete memristor and periodic sinusoidal functions, a two-dimensional map with coexisting chaos and hyperchaos is constructed. Various coexisting chaotic and hyperchaotic attractors under different Lyapunov exponents are firstly found in this discrete map, along with which other regimes of coexistence such as coexisting chaos, quasi-periodic oscillation, and discrete periodic points are also captured. The hyperchaotic attractors can be flexibly controlled to be unipolar or bipolar by newly embedded constants meanwhile the amplitude can also be controlled in combination with those coexisting attractors. Based on the nonlinear auto-regressive model with exogenous inputs (NARX) for neural network, the dynamics of the memristive map is well predicted, which provides a potential passage in artificial intelligence-based applications.     

Sequences of gluing bifurcations in an analog electronic circuit

We report on the experimental investigation of gluing bifurcations in the analog electronic circuit which models a dynamical system of the third order: Lorenz equations with an additional quadratic nonlinearity. Variation of one of the resistances in the circuit changes the coefficient at this nonlinearity and replaces the Lorenz route to chaos by a different scenario which leads, through the sequence of homoclinic bifurcations, from periodic oscillations of the voltage to the irregular ones. Every single bifurcation “glues” in the phase space two stable periodic orbits and creates a new one, with the doubled length: a sequence of such bifurcations results in the birth of the chaotic attractor.     

Chaotic memristive circuit: equivalent circuit realization and dynamical analysis

In this paper, a practical equivalent circuit of an active flux-controlled memristor characterized by smooth piecewise-quadratic nonlinearity is designed and an experimental chaotic memristive circuit is implemented. The chaotic memristive circuit has an equilibrium set and its stability is dependent on the initial state of the memristor. The initial state-dependent and the circuit parameter-dependent dynamics of the chaotic memristive circuit are investigated via phase portraits, bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents. Both experimental and simulation results validate the proposed equivalent circuit realization of the active flux-controlled memristor.     

Embedding any desired number of coexisting attractors in memristive system

A simple variable-boostable system is selected as the structure for hosting an arbitrarily defined memristor for chaos producing. The derived three-dimensional (3-D) memristive chaotic system shows its distinct property of offset, amplitude and frequency control. Owing its merits any desired number of coexisting attractors are embedded by means of attractor doubling and self-reproducing based on function-oriented offset boosting. In this circumstance two classes of control gates are found:one determines the number of coexisting attractors resorting to the independent offset controller while the other is the initial condition selecting any one of them. Circuit simulation gives a consistent output with theoretically predicted embedded attractors.     

忆阻电路降维建模与特性分析

通过对蔡氏忆阻电路的数学建模分析,提出了忆阻电路动力学建模的降维问题.以包含两个磁控忆阻器的忆阻电路为例,进行了忆阻电路降维建模,由此建立了一个三维系统模型.基于该模型,分析了忆阻电路的平衡点和稳定性,研究了电路参数变化时忆阻电路的动力学特性.进一步,对包含两个磁控忆阻器的忆阻电路常规模型的分析结果和其降维模型的分析结果进行了比较.结果表明:忆阻电路降维模型的维数只与电容器的数量和电感器的数量有关,而与忆阻器的数量无关;当电路参数变化时忆阻电路存在分岔模式共存等非线性现象;降维建模降低了系统建模复杂度,有利于系统的动力学特性分析,但消除了忆阻器内部状态变量的初始条件对忆阻电路动力学特性的影响.     

Shilnikov homoclinic orbit bifurcations in the Chua's circuit

We analytically describe the complex scenario of homoclinic bifurcations in the Chua's circuit. We obtain a general scaling law that gives the ratio between bifurcation parameters of different nearby homoclinic orbits. As an application of this theoretical approach, we estimate the number of higher order subsidiary homoclinic orbits that appear between two consecutive lower order subsidiary orbits. Our analytical finds might be valid for a large class of dynamical systems and are numerically confirmed in the parameter space of the Chua's circuit.     

广义BVP电路系统的振荡行为及其非光滑分岔机理

探讨了具有分段线性特性的广义BVP电路系统随参数变化的复杂动力学演化过程. 其非光滑分界面将相空间划分成不同的区域, 分析了各区域中平衡点的稳定性, 得到其相应的简单分岔和Hopf分岔的临界条件. 给出了不同分界面处广义Jacobian矩阵特征值随辅助参数变化的分布情况, 讨论了分界面处系统可能存在的分岔行为, 指出当广义特征值穿越虚轴时可能引起Hopf分岔, 导致系统由周期振荡转变为概周期振荡, 而当出现零特征值时则导致系统的振荡在不同平衡点之间转换. 针对系统的两种典型振荡行为, 结合数值模拟验证了理论分析的结果.     

Non-smooth bifurcations in a double-scroll circuit with periodic excitation

The fast-slow effect can be observed in a typical non-smooth electric circuit with order gap between the natural frequency and the excitation frequency. Numerical simulations are employed to show complicated behaviours, especially different types of busting phenomena. The bifurcation mechanism for the bursting solutions is analysed by assuming the forms of the solutions and introducing the generalized Jacobian matrix at the non-smooth boundaries, which can also be used to account for the evolution of the complicated structures of the phase portraits with the variation of the parameter. Period-adding bifurcation has been explored through the computation of the eigenvalues related to the solutions. At the non-smooth boundaries the so-called `single crossing bifurcation' can occur, corresponding to the case where the eigenvalues jump only once across the imaginary axis, which leads the periodic burster to have a quasi-periodic oscillation.     

一种恒Lyapunov指数谱混沌吸引子及其Jerk电路实现

基于Colpitts方程,提出了一种新的三维混沌吸引子.该混沌吸引子在系统变幅参数改变时,输出混沌信号中的两维信号的幅值随着参数作线性变化,第三维信号的幅值保持在同样的数值区间,而系统的Lyapunov指数谱却保持恒定.该混沌系统通过改造Colpitts混沌系统归一化方程中的指数项为绝对值项而得到.通过相图、庞加莱映射、功率谱以及Lyapunov指数,证明了该混沌吸引子的存在性.对这种新型混沌吸引子的基本动力学行为予以分析,基于Lyapunov指数谱阐述并论证了该系统能够呈现周期态和混沌态.最后,给出该特 关键词： Colpitts系统 恒定Lyapunov指数谱 混沌吸引子 分岔图     

Hyperchaos,quasi-period and coexisting behaviors in second-order-memristor-based jerk circuit

The European Physical Journal Special Topics - This paper generalizes a second-order-memristor-based jerk circuit, which is achieved by substituting the first-order memristor contained diode-bridge...     

Heterogeneous dual memristive circuit: Multistability,symmetry, and FPGA implementation

An improved heterogeneous dual memristive circuit (DMC) is proposed based on Chua's circuit, which shows good symmetry and multistablility. For the difficulty in controlling the initial conditions, which restricts the engineering applications, the 3rd-order model (3OM) in flux-charge domain is derived from the 5th-order model (5OM) in volt-ampere domain by using the flux-charge analysis method (FCAM). The consistence of symmetry and multistability before and after dimensionality decreasing is meticulously investigated via bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponents, and especially attraction basins. The comparative analysis validates the effectiveness of reduction model and improves the controllability of the circuit. To avoid the noise in the analog circuit, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is utilized to realize the reduction model, which is rarely reported and valuable for relevant research and application.     

Infinitely many coexisting attractors of a dual memristive Shinriki oscillator and its FPGA digital implementation

In this paper, a novel chaotic oscillator is proposed, which is derived from the classical Shinriki oscillator by substituting the series-parallel diode loop with a flux-controlled memristor and connecting an active charge-controlled memristor in series with an inductor. The mathematical model of the circuit is established, and the stability distribution maps of three non-zero eigenvalues in the equilibrium plane are obtained. The basic dynamical behaviors depending on the variation of the circuit parameters and memristor initial conditions are investigated by standard nonlinear analysis tools, such as bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents and phase portraits. Particularly, some striking phenomena, including the routes to double-scroll chaotic attractors, coexisting periodic-chaotic bubbles and asymmetric coexisting behaviors are observed. Furthermore, extreme multistability of the new oscillator is revealed by attraction basins under the initial condition of different dynamic elements. Finally, the Shinriki oscillator with two memristors is realized through Field-Programmable Gate Array (i.e., FPGA) to verify the effectiveness of the numerical simulations.     

The voltage-current relationship and equivalent circuit implementation of parallel flux-controlled memristive circuits

A flux-controlled memristor characterized by smooth cubic nonlinearity is taken as an example, upon which the voltage-current relationships （VCRs） between two parallel memristive circuits - a parallel memristor and capacitor circuit （the parallel MC circuit）, and a parallel memristor and inductor circuit （the parallel ML circuit） - are investigated. The results indicate that the VCR between these two parallel memristive circuits is closely related to the circuit parameters, and the frequency and amplitude of the sinusoidal voltage stimulus. An equivalent circuit model of the memristor is built, upon which the circuit simulations and exper/mental measurements of both the parallel MC circuit and the parallel ML circuit are performed, and the results verify the theoretical analysis results.     

Coexistence behavior of asymmetric attractors in hyperbolic-type memristive Hopfield neural network and its application in image encryption

The neuron model has been widely employed in neural-morphic computing systems and chaotic circuits. This study aims to develop a novel circuit simulation of a three-neuron Hopfield neural network(HNN) with coupled hyperbolic memristors through the modification of a single coupling connection weight. The bistable mode of the hyperbolic memristive HNN(m HNN), characterized by the coexistence of asymmetric chaos and periodic attractors, is effectively demonstrated through the utilization of convent...     

切换电路系统的振荡行为及其非光滑分岔机理

探讨了周期时间开关及控制阈值下在两个Rayleigh型子系统之间切换的电路系统随参数变化的复杂动力学演化过程, 通过对子系统平衡点的分析, 给出了参数空间中Fold分岔和Hopf分岔的条件, 考察了切换面处广义Jacobian矩阵特征值随辅助参数变化的分布情况, 得到了切换面处系统可能存在的各种分岔行为, 进而讨论了系统不同行为的产生机理, 指出系统的相轨迹存在分别由周期开关和控制阈值决定的两类不同的分界点, 而系统轨迹与非光滑分界面的多次碰撞将导致系统由周期倍化分岔导致混沌振荡.     

缺陷致非线性电路孤子非对称传输

设计了一种有缺陷的非线性电感-电容(LC)电路,简单方便地实现了电路能量非对称传输,且其能量的载体是非线性波——孤子.在LC电路中,当缺陷靠近驱动时,驱动频率接近缺陷本振频率,缺陷共振致电路导通.远离驱动时,电路不导通.缺陷的引入改变电路的均一性,实现小驱动振幅下孤子的单向释放,提高驱动能量转化为孤子能量的效率.对非线性LC电路的传输能量、缺陷系数和驱动振幅三者的关系进行了讨论.     

Saddle-point solutions and grazing bifurcations in an impacting system

This paper focuses on the intricate relationship between smooth and nonsmooth phenomena in an impacting system. In particular a boundary saddle-point solution, that is born in a nonsmooth fold, is analysed. Accessible boundary saddle-point solutions play a key role in determining the global dynamics of a system and here we will show how grazing bifurcations can affect their existence.     

Border collision bifurcations in a two-dimensional piecewise smooth map from a simple switching circuit

In recent years, the study of chaotic and complex phenomena in electronic circuits has been widely developed due to the increasing number of applications. In these studies, associated with the use of chaotic sequences, chaos is required to be robust (not occurring only in a set of zero measure and persistent to perturbations of the system). These properties are not easy to be proved, and numerical simulations are often used. In this work, we consider a simple electronic switching circuit, proposed as chaos generator. The object of our study is to determine the ranges of the parameters at which the dynamics are chaotic, rigorously proving that chaos is robust. This is obtained showing that the model can be studied via a two-dimensional piecewise smooth map in triangular form and associated with a one-dimensional piecewise linear map. The bifurcations in the parameter space are determined analytically. These are the border collision bifurcation curves, the degenerate flip bifurcations, which only are allowed to occur to destabilize the stable cycles, and the homoclinic bifurcations occurring in cyclical chaotic regions leading to chaos in 1-piece.     

Optical bistability and multi-stability in a four-level atomic scheme

We investigate the optical bistability (OB) and optical multi-stability (OM) in a four-level Y-type atomic system. It is found that the optical bistability can strongly be affected by intensity and frequency detuning of coupling and probe fields. The effect of spontaneously generated coherence on phase control of the OB and OM is then discussed. It has also been shown that the optical bistability can be switched to optical multi-stability just by the quantum interference mechanism and relative phase of applied fields.