Be9(d,p),(d,t),(d,a)反应研究

本文在E_d=0.1—2.5MeV能量范围内,研究了Be⁹(d,p₀)Be¹⁰(0),Be⁹(d,p₁)Be¹⁰(3.368MeV),Be⁹(d,t₀)Be⁸(0),Be⁹(d,α₀)Li⁷(0)及Be⁹(d,α₁)Li⁷(0.478MeV)诸反应。在E_d=0.150,0.220,0.401,0.706,1.005,1.301,1.484,1.750,2.000,2.250和2.500MeV共十一个能量上分别测量了这五群出射粒子在θ_L=10—155°区间的角分布。在θ_L=135°,E_d=0.1—2.5MeV,在θ_L=95°,E_d=0.1—2.2MeV,和在θ_L=112.5°,E_d=0.5—2.5MeV测量了Be⁹(d,p₀)Be¹⁰的激发函数。在θ_L=135°和112.5°,E_d=1.2MeV,用较厚靶(100—300μg/cm²)测量了Be⁹(d,p₀)Be¹⁰(0)反应的截面绝对值,结果为σ_(p0)(θ_L=135°)=1.60mb/sr,σ_(p0)(θ_L=112.5°)=1.55mb/sr。这样就得到了在此能区内,这五群出射粒子的截面情况。对所得结果进行了一些讨论。     

奇异介子光生反应的QCD描述

从低能QCD有效拉氏量出发,利用重子夸克结构的[SU_SF(6)⊙O(3)]_sym.⊙SU_c(3)波函数,研究了在核子上的奇异介子光生反应.计算了γ+p→K⁺+Λ反应的微分截面.结果表明:与传统唯象的强子理论相比,仅有一个自由参数(即强相互作用耦合常数)的QCD理论成功地描述了反应过程,很好地解释了实验结果.     

一些UN G同位标量因子的解析表达式

本文导出了部分U₆ SU₃,U_N (U₁)^N SO₇ (SU₂)³同位标量因子的解析表达式.     

群表示论的物理方法(Ⅳ)——SUmn?SUm×SUn和SUm+n?SUm?SUn分类基

本文证明了置换群CG系数和外积约化系数分别就是将任一SU_m和SU_n不可约基耦合成SU_mn?SU_m×SU_n和SU_m+n?SU_m?SU_n分类基的耦合系数,并给出了将SU_mn?SU_m×SU_n和SU_m+n?SU_m?SU_n分类基用Celfand基展开时计算展开系数的几种方法。给出了基本粒子中常用的SU₆?SU₃×SU₂和SU₈?SU₄×SU₂重子波函数。     

密度泛函理论方法研究6H-SiC(0001)表面对氧分子和水分子的吸附

本文通过密度泛函方法计算6H-SiC(0001)表面对氧分子和水分子的吸附. 在6H-SiC(0001)表面上吸附的O₂分子自发地解离成O^*,并被吸收在C与Si原子之间的空位上. 吸附的H₂O自发地分解成OH^*和H^*,它们都被吸附在Si原子的顶部,OH^*进一步可逆地转化为O^*和H^*. H^*可以使Si悬键饱和并改变O^*的吸附类型,并进一步稳定6H-SiC(0001)表面并防止其转变为SiO₂.     

奇异粒子的性质及其产生和衰变

用一架30厘米×30厘米×10厘米磁场为6200高斯的云室,在海拔3185米的云南落雪高山实验室拍摄了30000对照片,获得105个V⁰,而可以进行分类的有43个。其中有26个θ₁⁰,16个Λ⁰和一个θ₂⁰。本文对θ₁⁰,Λ⁰和一个θ₂⁰进行了研究,其结果如下:1)Q值,Q_(Λ⁰)=(36.2±2.5)Mev,Q_(θ1⁰)=(233±11)Mev;2)平均寿命,τ_(Λ⁰)=(3.19_-0.92^+2.42)×10^-10秒,τ_(θ1⁰)=(1.14_-0.27^+0.49)×10^-10秒;3)动量分布与以前的工作没有显著差别;4)N(Λ⁰)/N(θ₁⁰)=0.51±0.22(权衡数);5)Λ⁰和θ₁⁰在质心系的衰变角分布没有明显的不对称性;6)一个θ₂⁰在静止坐标系寿命为～10^-9秒,衰变类型可能为θ₂⁰→π^-+π⁺+π⁰或者θ₂⁰→π^±+μ^?+ν。     

Pb和Al中产生的中性超子与重介子

从1955年到1957年用多板云室进行了两次V⁰粒子实验,共得V⁰约550个。按α-∈方法分类为Λ⁰的67个,为θ⁰的44个。其中产生于Pb板的Λ⁰58个、θ⁰38个;产生于Al板的Λ⁰9个、θ⁰6个。对这些V⁰粒子进行分析,得到下列结果。1.Λ⁰,θ⁰衰变时质量中心系中衰变角均匀分布。产生面与衰变面的关联角均匀分布。无自旋>1/2的迹象。2.对Pb核中出来的Λ⁰衰变看不出因宇称不守恒引起的不对称角分布。Al中产生的Λ⁰有不对称的倾向。3.由动量分布和产生角分布看,在产生重介子与超子对时超子多向后去。4.得平均寿命τ_(Λ⁰)=(3.39_-0.44^0.63)×10^-10秒,τ_(θ⁰)=(0.86_-0.16^0.26)×10^-10秒。5.N(Λ⁰)/N(θ⁰)～1.4 6.估计整个奇异粒子产生截面可合0.8mb/核子。对Pb,Al都合。7.按V⁰佔次粒子总数比例看,Pb原子核对产生V⁰来讲比Al原子核有效。     

SU6(1)×SU3(2)模型及SU8模型中强子的次强质量分裂和新粒子的质量关系

新发现的J(3100)及ψ(3700)粒子可能可以按SU₆⁽¹⁾×SU₃⁽²⁾模型或SU₈模型分类。本文用引进等效层子次强作用的方法,研究这两个模型中多重态的次强质量分裂,得到了一系列有新自由度的粒子的质量关系。由于本文对等效层子作用的具体形式未作没有太大根据的取舍,所以,结果与模型的关系比较直接。本工作的结果还表明,完全可以用一个统一的等效层子作用去描写重子及介子的次强质量分裂,而不与现有的实验值冲突。     

基于激发态运动方程耦合簇的神经网络透热势能矩阵：苯硫酚1πσ*态-介导的光解

本文用最近发展的神经网络拟合方法[Chin. J. Chem. Phys. 34,825 (2021)]构造了一个新的涉及苯硫酚¹πσ^*态-介导光解的¹ππ^*和¹πσ^*态耦合非绝热势能面. 势能面包含了解离过程中的三个关键振动模式,即S-H伸缩、弯曲和扭转振动. 由于单双激发态运动方程耦合簇方法具有简单、效率高、精度高的优点,采用激发态运动方程耦合簇方法计算了苯硫酚激发态¹ππ^*和¹πσ^*的绝热能量. 神经网络拟合绝热激发态S₁和S₂态的均方根误差分别为0.89和1.33 meV,表明神经网络方法具有很高的拟合精度. 在构建非绝热势能面的过程中,仅利用了体系绝热势能,避免了非常耗时的非绝热耦合计算,极大地提高了效率. 为了检测新的非绝热势能面的可靠性,本文进一步展开了苯硫酚光解非绝热动力学模拟. 动力学计算得到的S₁振电态0⁰和3¹的寿命与实验和之前的理论结果均吻合,验证了基于激发态运动方程耦合簇绝热能量构建的非绝热势能面的可靠精确性,并可进一步应用到实际大分子体系中.     

Cl(2P)+D2→DCl+D反应中波恩-奥本海默近似有效性的交叉分子束研究

本文利用高分辨的里德堡态氘原子标识-交叉分子束装置,研究了碰撞能为4.5∽6.5 kcal/mol范围内Cl(²P)[Cl(²P_3/2)和Cl^*(²P_1/2)]与D₂的反应. 虽然自旋轨道激发态反应Cl^*(²P_1/2)+D₂在波恩-奥本海默(B-O)近似下本应是禁阻的,但实验中观测到了该反应的贡献. 通过测量靠近后向的碰撞能相关的微分散射截面连线,发现低碰撞能下的产物主要来自于B-O近似禁阻的反应Cl^*+D₂. 随着碰撞能的提高,自旋轨道基态反应Cl+D₂的反应性增加明显要比自旋轨道激发态反应Cl^*+D₂更快,并且在高碰撞能下成为产物的主要来源. 实验结果表明：在低碰撞能下,Cl^*中自旋轨道激发态的额外能量,可以帮助B-O近似禁阻的反应Cl^*+D₂越过势垒;然而当碰撞能接近和高于反应势垒时,B-O近似允许的反应Cl+D₂占主导地位. Cl/Cl^*+D₂反应中B-O近似有效性的特征与其同位素反应Cl/Cl^*+H₂是一致的.     

Strangeness analogue states in 9ΛBe

The ⁹_ΛBe¹ strangeness analogue states (SAS) for ⁹Be (g.s.) are calculated for the configuration ${}^2\text{P}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>3</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}\text{[4,1]}$, using a LS basis, a procedure known to be accurate for the nucleus ⁸Be, leading to the prediction of three distinct SAS, a T =0 state at Λ energy 7.7 MeV, and two other states, with T = 0 and T = 1, rather closely degenerate and lying 11.5 MeV higher than the first. The origin of this degeneracy is investigated in detail and these calculations are related with earlier work done within an SU(6) χ (Sakata SU(3)) ? (spin SU(2)) framework. The corresponding supersymmetric state of ⁹_ΛBe¹ is also calculated and discussed.     

Dynamical and symmetry groups of the SU(2) Kepler problem

It is well known that the MIC–Kepler problem, an extension of the three-dimensional Kepler problems, admits the same dynamical and symmetry groups as the Kepler problem. This paper aims to study dynamical and symmetry groups of the SU(2) Kepler problem, where the SU(2) Kepler problem is defined to be the dynamical system reduced from the eight-dimensional conformal Kepler problem through an SU(2) symmetry and turns out to be an extension of the five-dimensional Kepler problem. It is shown that the SU(2) Kepler problem admits a dynamical group SO^*(8) and that the phase space of the SU(2) Kepler problem is symplectomorphic with a co-adjoint orbit of SO^*(8), on which the Kirillov–Kostant–Souriau form is defined. It is further shown that the subgroups, SU(4), SU^*(4), and Sp(2)×_SR⁵, of SO^*(8) provide the symmetry groups, SU(4)/Z₂SO(6), SU^*(4)/Z₂SO₀(1,5), and (Sp(2)×_SR⁵)/Z₂SO(5)×_SR⁵, of the SU(2) Kepler problem with negative, positive, and zero energies, respectively, where ×_S denotes a semi-direct product. Furthermore, constants of motion for the SU(2) Kepler problem are found together with their Poisson brackets. The symmetry Lie algebra formed by constants of motion is shown to be isomorphic with so(6)su(4), so(1,5)su^*(4), or so(5)_SR⁵sp(2)_SR⁵, depending on whether the energy is negative, positive, or zero, where _S denotes a semi-direct sum. These Lie algebras are subalgebras of so^*(8)so(2,6).     

Grand unified models including extraZ bosons

The grand unified theories (GUT) of the simple Lie groups including extraZ bosons are discussed. There are onlySU _5+m,SO _6+4n, andE ₆ under our hypothesis. First we give a general discussion forSU _5+m, then forSU ₆ andSU ₇ for illustration. We use15 +6 ^* +6 ^* fermion representations inSU ₆ but not with the fermion content, Yukawa coupling, and the hierarchy of other authors. We suggest that there is a series of clans of particles. These clans consist of the extraZ bosons and the corresponding fermions of the scale.     

Hypernuclear spectroscopy in the p shell

A comprehensive shell-model approach to Λ-hypernuclear spectroscopy in the p shell is developed. The available data on the spectra of ⁹_ΛBe, ¹²_ΛC, ¹³_ΛC, ¹⁴_ΛN and ¹⁶_ΛO are interpreted in this framework, leading to constraints on the residual ΛN interaction and the one-body Λ-nucleus potential. The mechanism for the formation of Λ hypernuclei via the (K^?, π^?) reaction is treated in the relativistic distorted wave approximation, with careful attention paid to Fermi-averaging of the elementary K^?n → π^?Λ amplitude and recoil corrections. Departures from the simple weak coupling picture, arising from configuration mixing, are emphasized. This leads to approximate dynamical symmetries in hypernuclei which are forbidden in ordinary nuclei by the Pauli principle. Further experiments in the p shell are suggested which may reveal other aspects of ΛN interactions.     

Charmed particle production in hadron-hadron collisions

In the framework of Quark-Gluon-String Model developed recently in ITEP we calculate spectra of charmed particlesD,D _s,Λ_c,Ξ_c,Ω_c in hadron-hadron collisions taking into account the decays ofS-wave resonances like D^*,D_s ^*,Σ_c,Σ_c ^*,Ξ_c ^*,Ξ_c ^′, and Ω_c ^*. We describe the bulk of the existing data onD, D^*, adΛ _c production in πp andpp collisions and predict the yield of charmed particlesin Σ^?p and Ξ^?p reactions at hyperon beam energies of 340 GeV/c and 600 GeV/c. Because of significant production of baryon resonances our predictions for unfavored fragmentation differ from predictions of other models which do not take resonance production into account.     

CP violation with beautiful baryons

CP violation can be studied in modes of charmed or bottom baryons when a decay process is compared with its charge-conjugated partner. It can show up as a rate asymmetry and in a study of other decay parameters. Neither tagging nor time-dependences are required to observeCP violation with modes of baryons, in contrast to the conventionalB ⁰ modes. Numerous modes of bottom baryons have the potential to show largeCP-violating effects within the Standard Model. Those effects can be substantial for modes with aD ⁰, which is seen in a final state that can also be fed from a \(\bar D^0 \) . For instance, a comparison of theΛ _b→Λ _CP ⁰ with the \(\bar \Lambda _b \to \bar \Lambda D_{CP}^0 \) process can show sizeableCP violation. HereD _CP ^o denotesCP eigenstates ofD ⁰, which occur at a few percent. Six related processes, such asΛ _b→ΛD ⁰, \(\Lambda _b \to \Lambda \bar D^0 \) ,Λ _b→Λ _CP ⁰ , and their charge-conjugated counterparts, can extract ?, which is the most problematic angle of the unitarity triangle and which is conventionally probed with theB _s→ρ⁰ K _S asymmetry. HereD ⁰ andD ^?0 are identified by their charged kaon or lepton. We predictB(Λ _b→ΛD ⁰)～10^?5, thusB(Λ _b→Λ _CP ⁰ )～10^?7. Under favourable circumstances,CP violation can occur at the few tens of percent level. Thus 10²–10³ Λ _b→Λ _CP ⁰ decays start probing ?. Tables list many additional modes with typical branching ratios at the 10^?5–10^?6 level, with large detection efficiencies (in contrast to theD _CP ⁰ ), and with potentially largeCP-violating effects, such as Ξ _b ⁰ →ΛΨ, Λ?, ΛK^*0; Ξ _b ^? →ΛK^(*)?, Ξ^?K_s, Ξ^?K^*0, Ω _b ^? →Ξ^?φ, Ξ^?ρ⁰, ΛK^(*)?, ΩK_s, Ω^?K^*0.     

Tc级数解的收敛性质

本文证明了,当|z_ph|c级数解的收敛圆是由奇点决定的,但是只要1/λ<[0.63+3μ⁺(1/Λ₁)] 1/(Λ₁),T_c级数解在收敛圆外仍然是个很好的渐近展开式,其中1/Λ₁=min(|z|,1);μ⁺(x)=(1-2μ^*x)μ^*。 关键词：     

The decay processes Λ8Li → π− + 8Be1 (∼ 17 MeV)

The branching ratio is calculated for _Λ⁸Li decay to the (2⁺) ⁸Be¹ states near 17 MeV, using intermediate coupling wave functions for _Λ⁸Li and for the relevant ⁸Be¹ states. It is pointed out that this ratio is sensitive primarily to a mixing angle ? in the _Λ⁸Li wave function. Within one standard deviation, the data allow two ranges (+0.05 to +0.25 rad and +1.10 to +1.25 rad) for the value of ?. The further requirement that there also be acceptable agreement between the angular distribution expected for the subsequent ${}^8\text{Be}{}^1\text{(? 17}\text{MeV → 2}{}^4\text{He}$ decay and the data, shifts these allowed ranges for ?, to (+0.13 to 0.40) rad and (+0.9 to +1.2) rad. It is predicted that the dominant transition should be to ⁸Be¹ (16.6 MeV), as is observed to be the case, rather than to ⁸Be¹ (16.9 MeV). The interpretation of these values for ? is discussed in some detail and their implications for intermediate coupling shell-model calculations of Λ-hypernuclear wave functions are considered.     

Phenomenological Λ-nuclear interactions

Variational Monte-Carlo calculations have been performed for the ligh s-shell hypernuclei, namely, _Λ ⁴ H, _Λ ⁴ H^*, and _Λ ⁵ He. The main aim of the study has been to give more insight into the Λ-nuclear interactions. Our study shows that the three-body ANN force has a larger share in the splitting energy of _Λ ⁴ H (0⁺–1⁺) compared to the two-body AN force. The analyses on Λ-binding to nuclear matter based on our s-shell results demonstrate that the three-body ANN correlations need to be incorporated suitably to describe these systems.