Z→li±lj干 processes in the BLMSSM

In a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (SM) where baryon and lepton numbers are local gauge symmetries (BLMSSM), we investigate the charged lepton flavor violating (CLFV) processes Z→l_i^±l_j^干 after introducing new gauginos and right-handed neutrinos. In this model, the branching ratios of Z→l_i^±l_j^干 are around (10^-8-10^-10), which approach the present experimental upper bounds. We hope that the branching ratios for these CLFV processes can be detected in the near future.     

激光诱导AlO自由基B2∑+–X2∑+跃迁光谱研究

基于激光诱导击穿光谱技术, 利用Nd:YAG脉冲激光激发Al₂O₃ (含量为99%)陶瓷片产生等离子体, 获得了AlO自由基B²∑⁺–X²∑⁺跃迁的33条发射谱线. 就AlO自由基光谱的时间演化规律和激光能量对谱线的影响规律进行了研究与分析. 结果表明, AlO自由基光谱出现在Al原子和Al离子光谱之后, 且持续时间较长. 当激光的脉冲能量由10 mJ起不断增加时, AlO自由基光谱强度逐渐减小, 且最大值出现时间随激光能量的增加而后移. 在此基础上, 进行了陶瓷等离子体在空气和氩气环境下的对比试验, 发现从Al₂O₃陶瓷片中激发所产生的AlO自由基必须有空气中O₂参与反应. 关键词： 激光诱导击穿光谱 AlO自由基 B²∑⁺–X²∑⁺跃迁光谱')" href="#">B²∑⁺–X²∑⁺跃迁光谱     

Performance and stability of niobium-substituted Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3 − δ membranes

The phase stability, thermal expansion, electrical conductivity, and oxygen permeation of perovskite-type oxides Ba_0.5Sr_0.5(Co_0.8Fe_0.2)_1 − xNb_xO_3 − δ (x = 0 − 0.2) have been investigated. Room-temperature X-ray diffraction of as-prepared powders indicates that in the investigated compositional range solid solutions are formed. Long-term annealing experiments both in flowing air and nitrogen, at 750 °C, demonstrate that the phase instability observed in parent Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_0.8Fe_0.2O_3 − δ (BSCF) is suppressed already at the minimum substitution of 5 mol% of niobium for (Co, Fe). Both electrical conductivity and thermal expansion are found to decrease with increasing niobium concentration, which behaviors can be explained by defect chemical considerations, taking into account charge compensation mechanisms by doping BSCF with Nb⁵⁺ donor cations. The oxygen permeation flux of 10 mol% Nb-substituted BSCF, in the range 800-900 °C, is reduced by 10% relative to that found for parent BSCF. Switching from helium to a CO₂-containing purge gas results in a severe reduction or cessation of the oxygen flux. Options are discussed to avoid undesired formation of surface carbonates.     

SiN自由基X2∑+, A2Π和B2∑+ 电子态的光谱常数研究

采用内收缩多参考组态相互作用(MRCI)方法, 结合价态范围内的最大相关一致基aug-cc-pV6Z, 计算了SiN自由基X²∑⁺, A²Π 和B²∑⁺电子态的势能曲线. 采用Davidson修正来避免由于MRCI方法本身的大小一致性缺陷产生的误差. 为了提高计算精度, 进一步考虑了相对论修正和核价相关修正对势能曲线的影响. 本文的相对论修正是利用二阶Douglas-Kroll 哈密顿近似在cc-pV5Z基组水平进行的; 同时核价相关修正是在cc-pCV5Z基组水平进行的. 对这些势能曲线进行拟合, 得到各种水平下三个电子态的光谱常数(T_e, R_e, ω_e, ω_ex_e, α_e和B_e), 并详细分析了Davidson修正、相对论修正和核价相关修正对光谱常数的影响. 与其他理论结果和实验数据进行比较, 可知本文的结果更精确、更完整.     

NO分子b4Σ--a4Πi(4,0)带的吸收光谱

通过对NO与He流动混合气体放电, 产生了激发态的NO(a⁴Π_ii) 分子. 利用光外差-浓度调制吸收光谱技术测量了NO分子在12530-12850 cm^-1波段内的吸收光谱, 并标识出b⁴Σ^--a⁴Π_i(4,0)带在该波段内的324条光谱跃迁谱线. 采用标准⁴Σ^--⁴Π_i哈密顿量模型, 通过非线性最小二乘法拟合其中267条谱线, 拟合残差(0.0071 cm^-1) 接近实验系统测量误差(0.007 cm^-1). 获得的主要分子常数与文献提供的常数符合, 并且拟合得到了精细结构分子常数.     

Crystallization and electrochemical performance of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 − δ-Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 thin film cathodes processed by single solution spray pyrolysis

La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3 − δ-Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9 (LSCF-CGO) thin films obtained by spray pyrolysis of a single precursor solution were investigated by XRD, TEM and impedance spectroscopy at annealing temperatures ranging from 500 to 900 °C. Films annealed at 600 °C contained a mixture of amorphous regions and crystalline regions composed of fine crystallites (< 5 nm). Annealing above 600 °C increased the ratio of crystalline to amorphous material, led to the segregation of the films into distinct LSCF and CGO phases, and promoted grain growth. The electrical behavior of the films depended on annealing temperature. At testing temperatures of 400 °C and below, the polarization resistance of films with lower annealing temperatures was larger than the polarization resistance of films with higher annealing temperatures. However, at testing temperatures of 500 °C and above the polarization resistance of films with lower annealing temperatures was equal to or lower than the polarization resistance of films with higher annealing temperatures. This was reflected by the activation energy that decreased with increasing annealing temperature. The varying electrical behavior may be related to microstructural changes that caused bulk diffusion to be the rate-limiting step in films with lower annealing temperatures and oxygen dissociation to be the rate-limiting step in films with higher annealing temperatures.     

High resolution infrared spectrum and global analysis of ν5, ν12, and ν12 + ν6 − ν6 in CH3SiH3

The vibration-torsion-rotation spectrum of CH₃SiH₃ has been measured from 470 to 725 cm⁻¹ at near-Doppler resolution. The full-width at half - maximum of the lines observed near 600 cm⁻¹ was 0.0011 cm⁻¹. The spectra were obtained using a Bruker IFS 125 HR Fourier transform spectrometer with the broadband source radiation being supplied from the synchrotron emission of the storage ring at the Canadian Light Source. Three vibrational bands were investigated: the lowest lying perpendicular fundamental ν₁₂ centred near 524 cm⁻¹, the lowest lying parallel fundamental ν₅ near 703 cm⁻¹, and the torsional hot band ν₁₂ + ν₆ − ν₆ near 534 cm⁻¹. For ν₁₂ and ν₅, the resolution and sensitivity are much improved over those in earlier studies, with many of the torsional multiplets now being resolved even in the cases where the upper levels are unperturbed. The primary motivation for the present work was the hot band, here reported for the first time, where the dependence of the silyl rock in ν₁₂ on the torsional motion is much more pronounced. In addition, for the vibrational ground state (gs), two “forbidden” high torsional overtones v₆ = 3 ← 0 and 5 ← 0 have been observed that become allowed through resonant mixing of the upper states with ν₁₂ and ν₅, respectively. In each case, two (K, σ) series have been measured where the mixing is largest. Here σ = 0, 1, −1 labels the torsional sub-levels. Using the Fourier transform waveguide spectrometer at E. T. H., the three σ-components of the (J = 1 ← 0) transition in ν₁₂ + ν₆ were observed, and a series of direct l-doubling transitions in ν₁₂ + ν₆ were measured for σ = 0. In a global fit, all the new data have been analysed along with the frequencies for other transitions obtained in earlier investigations. The analysis takes into account the relevant interactions among the torsional stacks of levels in the gs, ν₁₂, and ν₅. These include the previously known (gs, ν₁₂) Coriolis-like and (gs, ν₅) Fermi-like interactions along with a higher order (ν₁₂, ν₅) Coriolis-like coupling introduced here. This last is responsible for the strong perturbation of the ν₅ series with K = 10, 11, and 12, and of the corresponding hot band series. A good fit to 9282 frequencies including 7942 new measurements was obtained both with the Free Rotor model in which the torsion is classified as a rotation, and with the High Barrier model in which the torsion is classified as a vibration. The Hamiltonian is discussed with emphasis on the new terms required for treating ν₁₂ + ν₆ − ν₆.     

Cyclic voltammetry characterization of a La0.8Sr0.2Co0.2Fe0.8O3 − δ electrode interfaced to CGO/YSZ

The electrochemical characteristics of a La_0.8Sr_0.2Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3 − δ cathode electrode interfaced to the CGO layer of a double layer CGO/YSZ electrolyte were studied using cyclic voltammetry, at temperatures of 600 to 850 °C and under oxygen partial pressures ranging from 0.07 to 21 kPa. The aim was to identify the electrochemical processes taking place under cathodic polarization on the basis of differences in the features of the cyclic voltammograms with changing conditions. Depending on temperature, sweep rate and oxygen partial pressure, current peaks appeared both in the forward and backward scans. Furthermore, reversed hysteresis was observed, i.e. higher currents in the backward scan than in the forward scan, with increasing oxygen partial pressure and decreasing temperature. The observed behavior was related to the electrochemical redox of B-sites and concomitant stoichiometry change as well as to the competing reaction of electrochemical oxygen redox, taking also into account the competitive action of chemical reactions occurring in the presence of gaseous oxygen.     

Fluorination of perovskite-related phases of composition La1−xSrxFe1−yCoyO3−δ

We report here on the fluorination of the perovskite-related phases La_1−xSr_xFe_1−yCo_yO_3−δ. The introduction of fluorine in place of oxygen is achieved through a low-temperature (400 °C) reaction with poly(vinylidene fluoride). X-ray powder diffraction data show that in all cases the fluorination leads to an expansion in the unit cell, which is consistent with partial replacement of oxygen by fluorine and consequent reduction in the oxidation state of iron and/or cobalt. This reduction in oxidation state is confirmed by X-ray absorption- and Mössbauer-spectroscopy. The Mössbauer spectra show complex magnetically split hyperfine patterns for the fluorinated samples, reflecting the interactions between Fe³⁺ ions, which are not possible in oxides containing Fe⁴⁺.     

Surface and redox chemistry of Sm0.95Ce0.05Fe1 − xNixO3 − δ perovskites

A new series of perovskite materials with formula Sm_0.95Ce_0.05Fe_1 − xNi_xO_3 − δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) has been prepared by sol-gel combustion via a citrate precursor route. X-ray diffraction data showed that materials prepared by this method had a single orthorhombic phase belonging to the Pnma (62) space group. The study of powders sintered in air and in reducing atmospheres reveals that these materials do not show phase separation in air (up to 1350 °C) nor under 5% v/v H₂/N₂ (up to 700 °C), but a phase separation of Sm₂O₃ does occur at and above 800 °C under 5% v/v H₂/N₂ without deterioration of the perovskite phase. The surfaces of all the powders (fresh, in-situ reduced and ex-situ reduced) were Sm rich, and multiple oxidation states for Fe were observed. XP analysis of in-situ reduced samples (800 °C and above) shows that metallic Fe forms in all nickel doped materials except x = 0.07. The surface oxygen vacancies and percentages of lattice and adsorbed oxygen for this series of Ni doped materials were determined and the oxygen recapturing ability is explained in terms of the multiple oxidation states of Fe.     

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采用离子球自洽玻尔兹曼方程和泊松方程,得到了类氦Cr离子kα线系的两条电偶极辐射光谱能量随不同等离子体环境的变化关系.分析了光谱能量漂移量和kα线交换能随等离子体环境变化的关系,给出了光谱能量漂移量随等离子体环境参数变化的公式.结果表明,光谱能量漂移量随等离子体电子密度变化呈现出很好的线性.关系.     

AC-conductivity and Raman spectra of polyiodide inclusion compounds (β-cyclodextrin)2·KI7·16H2O and (β-cyclodextrin)2·LiI7·14H2O during the dehydration process

The frequency and temperature dependence of ac-conductivity and phase shift of polycrystalline inclusion compounds (β-CD)₂·KI₇·16H₂O and (β-CD)₂·LiI₇·14H₂O (β-CD=β-cyclodextrin) has been investigated over the frequency and temperature ranges of 0-100 kHz and 240-420 K. A Raman spectroscopic study and calorimetric measurements are also accomplished. The Arrhenius exponential behaviour of the ac-conductivity for T>275 K is caused by the contribution of the metal cations K⁺, Li⁺. This contribution is facilitated by the water-net via the Grotthuss mechanism. The ac conductivity starts deviating from the exponential behaviour with lower increasing rate, at 347 K for β-K and at 353 K for β-Li reaching a maximum value at 371.1 and 361.8 K, respectively, and then decreases rapidly due to the gradual removal of all the water molecules. The values 371.1 and 361.8 K are characterized as semiconductor to metal transition temperatures. The shift of the initial Raman peak at 179 cm⁻¹ to the final value 165 cm⁻¹ as the temperature increases reveals the lengthening of I₂ units via a charge transfer interaction in I⁻₇ units. A second topical maximum value of conductivity appears at 399.7 K for β-K and 403 K for β-Li, attributed to the sublimation of I₂.     

High-Resolution Study of the Atilde;A′→X?A″ Transition of DO2: Analysis of the 000-000 Band

The near-infrared emission spectrum of the Atilde;²A′→X?²A″ transition of DO₂ has been studied by Fourier-transform spectrometry. The 000→000 band has been recorded at high spectral resolution. ΔK_a=±1 subbands up to K_a′=12→K_a″=11 and K_a′=9→K_a″=10, comprising lines from rotational levels up to N′=34, have been observed. With about a factor of 5-10 lower intensity, ΔK_a=0 subbands 0-0 to 6-6 were found, which are due to magnetic dipole transitions. Several local perturbations extending over 3-10 N″ values were observed. Two prominent perturbations in the F₁ levels of the òA′, 000, K_a″=11 and 12 states are attributed to ΔK_a=0, ΔJ=0, ΔN=±1 interactions with the 211 level of the X?²A″ ground state. The rotational constants for HO₂ and DO₂ have been used to deduce the molecular geometry of HO₂ at the zero point levels of the X?²A″ and òA′ states.     

Structure and dehydration of the pyrochlore system NaW2−yMoyO6+δ·nH2−zO between 10 and 675 K

The temperature dependence of the structure of the pyrochlore NaW_2−yMo_yO_6+δ·nH_2−zO has been investigated using a variety of diffraction and spectroscopic methods. The positions of OH⁻/H₂O molecules in the structure have been determined. Increases in temperature induce small lattice parameter changes, which are thought to result from movement of the H₂O molecules in the pyrochlore lattice.     

Characterization of YSr2Fe3O8 − δ as electrode materials for SOFC

YSr₂Fe₃O_8 − δ was prepared by traditional solid state reaction method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, ac impedance, dc conductivity, dilatometry and thermogravimetric analysis for possible use in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). YSr₂Fe₃O_8 − δ crystallizes with tetragonal symmetry in the space group P4/mmm and found to be stable at high temperatures under H₂ and air. Four probe dc electrical conductivity measurements show that the conductivity increases up to 745 K and then decreases with temperature; the highest conductivity σ_745K = 43.5 S cm^− 1. The n-type conductivity at low oxygen partial pressure (pO₂) changes to p-type at high pO₂. Polarization behavior was investigated measuring the ac impedance response in symmetrical cell arrangements in air with YSZ and GDC electrolytes. Cathodic area specific resistance (ASR) varies with firing temperature. The lowest area specific resistance was observed with a GDC electrolyte fired at 1000 °C. In case of YSZ, ASR increases and in case of GDC, ASR decreases in air when electrode firing temperature decreases. At 800 °C ASRs are 0.20 Ω cm² and 0.65 Ω cm² with GDC and YSZ electrolytes, respectively, in air. Fuel cell measurements with symmetrical electrodes were performed using a thin YSZ electrolyte under H₂ at anode and air at cathode, show that the power density is about 0.035 W/cm² at 900 °C.     

VO分子2Δ3/2-12Δ3/2电子跃迁P线系发射谱线的研究

本文利用孙卫国课题组建立的能精确计算(预言)某双原子分子电子态P线系发射谱线的物理新公式, 首次研究了VO分子从电子态²Δ_3/2跃迁到电子态1²Δ_3/2的(0, 0)跃迁带中的P线系发射谱线. 获得的研究结果不仅重复了实验上已知的低转动态谱线数据,而且还正确预言了该跃迁带在 实验上难以精确测量的转动量子数J=80.5以内的高振转激发态的P线系发射光谱. 为研究VO分子内部结构提供了重要的物理信息.     

La2−xSrxCuO4−δ superconducting samples prepared by the wet-chemical method

In this work, we report on the physical properties of good-quality polycrystalline superconducting samples of La_2−xSr_xCu_1−yZn_yO_4−δ (y=0, 0.02) prepared by a wet-chemical method, focusing on the temperature dependence of the critical current. Using the wet-chemical method, we were able to produce samples with improved homogeneity compared to the solid-state method. A complete set of samples with several carrier concentrations, ranging from the underdoped (strontium concentration x≈0.05) to the highly overdoped (x≈0.25) region, were prepared and investigated. The X-ray diffraction analysis, zero-field cooling magnetization and electrical resistivity measurements were reported on earlier. The structural parameters of the prepared samples seem to be slightly modified by the preparation method and their critical temperatures were lower than reported in the literature. The temperature dependence of the critical current was explained by a theoretical model which took the granular structure of the samples into account.     

Dielectric properties of Cu0.5Tl0.5Ba2Ca3Cu4O12−δ bulk superconductor

The dielectric properties of Cu_0.5Tl_0.5Ba₂Ca₃Cu₄O_12−δ superconductor samples were studied at 79 and 290 K by means of capacitance (C) and conductance (G) measurements with the test frequency (f) in the range of 10 kHz to 10 MHz. A negative capacitance (NC) phenomenon has been observed, which is most likely arising due to higher Fermi level of ceramic superconductor samples than metal electrodes. Also the NC may be due to the space charge located at the multiple insulator–superconductor interfaces (grain boundaries) in the materials. The negative dielectric constant (ε′) and loss factor (tan δ) show strong dispersion at low frequencies. The lower thermal agitation at 79 K may enhance the polarizability and hence the dielectric constants (ε′ and ε″).