寒热中药微量元素的比较与分析

对28种温热中药及28种寒凉中药所测定的12种微量及常量元素进行了比较分析，发现温热药中Mn、Cu、Na、K含量显著高于寒凉药，而寒凉药中的Ca含量显著高于温热药，结果提示微量元素及常量元素含量的差异是中药寒凉温热性质的物质基础之一。     

12种道地中药中无机元素的含量测定

报道了用Ｘ射线荧光分析法测定的１２种道地中药，９８个不同产地样品中的Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｓｒ、Ｃａ、Ｋ含量。结果表明，不同种属，不同产地，不同品种中药元素量存在差异，不同加工方法影响中药中元素含量，同种中药中元素分布模式也不同。     

7种补益中药微量元素的含量及溶出率测定

用原子吸收光谱法测定了7种补益中药中锌，铜，锰，铁，钙和镁含量及溶出率。结果显示，这6种元素的含量普遍较高，溶出率多数在80％以下，但在不同的中药中有一定的差异。     

不同品种道地中药中元素含量的比较研究

比较了不同品种中药间的元素含量差异，结果表明：中药野生品与引种品的元素谱不同，不同种属中药的元素谱不同，同种属不同品种中药的元素谱也不同。     

不同产地道地中药中元素含量的比较研究

研究了中药中微量元素Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｓｒ含量与产地的关系，结果表明，产地是影响中药中元素含量差异，也是影响中药质量的重要因素。     

中药化州橘红乙酸乙酯提取物中微量元素的分布及含量

以乙酸乙酯为溶剂萃取分离了中药化州橘红水煎液的有机成分；测定了提取物中元素的分布及含量，分析了不同微量元素在提取物中富集程度的差别。并由此说明了中药微量元素与中药所含的有机成分是有密切关系的。     

幼儿园与散居儿童微量元素差异的研究

测定了２８７例１－８岁的幼儿园儿童及散居儿童头发中Ｚｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｕ，Ｃａ，Ｍｎ和Ｐｂ的含量，并研究了两类儿童头发中上述元素含量的差异。结果表明，两类獐各元素间的相关性相似，各元素含量的平均值与其中位数相似，但散居儿童与幼儿园儿童相比，各元素含量的波动范围较大，有益元素铁和钙和平均值较低，且低于正常值的比例较高，而有害元素２铅依度平均则较高，超过允许值的比例也高，上述三种元素具有非常显著的差异。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法对中药拳参中六种无机元素含量的测定

采用浓硝酸微波消解法处理样品,利用火焰原子吸收光谱法对中药拳参中常量元素Ca、Mg及微量元素Fe、Cu、、Mn、Zn的含量进行了测定。结果表明,中药拳参中含有丰富的人体必需常量和微量元素,Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn的质量分数分别为10 662.860、1 961.242、144.557、9.778、10.166、2.314μg.g-1,各元素加样回收率在96.0%~102.0%之间。该法操作简单、结果准确,是中药拳参中无机元素检测的理想方法。     

中药微量元素含量区间尺最佳分级问题的探讨

在深入研究中药微量元素含量区间尺的基础上，从统计学角度对区间尺的最佳分级问题作了详细探讨，提出用5级区间尺来衡量中药中不同元素含量间相对高低水平，理论上更合理。     

五种中药水煎过程中宏量及微量元素的浸出率研究

采用等离子体发射光谱法测定了丹参、川芎、赤芍、红花、桃仁以及它们的水提取物中宏量及微量元素的含量，得到了中药水煎过程中诸元素的浸出率。     

罗布泊地貌地质遗迹中某些元素的分析

用中子活化分析法测试了新疆罗布泊地区地质样品中的某些痕量、微量及常量元素含量,特别是对样品中放射性元素作了检测。结果表明,该地区的地质遗迹样品中,痕量、微量及常量元素的含量与中国大陆地壳中的含量相当,无明显的放射性异常;把这些样品当作建筑材料的原材料来使用,是安全的;通过对这些样品的检测分析,为该地区的化探普查提供了可靠的依据。     

标准溶液配制用碳酸锂纯物质中杂质含量的测定

从高纯碳酸锂中杂质含量测定出发,研讨了标准溶液配制用原料的杂质测定方法,首先利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法对高纯碳酸锂进行半定量分析,再依据半定量分析结果选择ICP-MS、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法、原子吸收光谱(AAS)法等方法对相应元素(杂质含量0.001%)进行定量分析,通过扣除杂质含量得出高纯碳酸锂纯度大于99.991%。从而建立了一个准确、高效,覆盖元素种类多的高纯物质中杂质含量的分析方法     

基于ICP-MS及多元统计分析相结合的地黄酵素发酵前后无机元素特征

探讨地黄酵素制备前后无机元素的变化,分析发酵对地黄中无机元素的影响,为地黄酵素的制备开发提供数据支撑和理论依据。以四批不同来源的地黄为原料,利用乳酸菌和酵母菌发酵制备地黄酵素,采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)法结合主成分分析、差异性分析和Pearson相关性分析等多元统计学方法对地黄酵素发酵前后样品中24种无机元素含量变化特征进行研究。结果表明,发酵对地黄原料中无机元素的种类没有影响,但对无机元素的含量影响较大,发酵前后24种无机元素的分类特征明显不同,其中发酵前后Na、P、Mn、Se、Sr和Cd 6种元素的含量差异在统计学上达到显著水平,而且地黄酵素发酵过程中各无机元素之间的代谢相互影响,其中Ca和Ti之间存在极显著的正相关关系,Pearson相关系数高达0.97;P和Mn, Ba和Pb存在显著的负相关关系,Pearson相关系数在-0.80以下。采用所建立的电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定中草药保健食品地黄酵素中的无机元素,并对地黄发酵制备地黄酵素前后的无机元素特征进行分析,可为地黄酵素在功能性食品添加剂方面的研究和地黄酵素的制备开发提供数据支撑,测定结果稳定可靠,能满足...     

生物油中固体颗粒物的特性分析

利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、红外光谱分析和X射线衍射对不同固体颗粒物样品的特性进行了研究。结果表明,生物油中的固体颗粒物主要由焦炭颗粒、灰分和少量高分子有机物组成,其中,灰分主要包括多种金属元素和一定量SiO₂,有机物主要是具有木质素结构的低聚物。不同热解工艺的固体颗粒物样品特性也不同。循环流化床工艺制取的生物油中固体颗粒物含量较高。此外,固体颗粒物样品中的金属元素含量受到热解原料种类的影响。     

X-ray fluorescence raw intensities vs. concentration data for multivariate classification of hungarian coal

A set of coal samples was examined by routine methods of coal analysis (density, calorific value, sulfur content, etc.) and by trace element determinations on the coal ash. Both data sets gave satisfactory clustering of samples from similar geological zones. X-ray fluorescence spectra were evaluated in order to identify the significant data-reduction steps in the sequence raw spectra/net intensities/trace element concentrations that is commonly used in x-ray spectrometry. The deconvolution yielding net intensities from spectra was identified as the most significant step. This was explained by the decorrelation effect of geochemically dissimilar elements.     

白刺与枸杞中微量元素含量的对比研究

采用ICP-AES法对生长在同一区域内的白刺与枸杞根茎中的8种微量元素的含量进行了分析测定。结果表明,两种植物根茎中8种元素含量丰富,并且差异明显,为以后的开发利用提供了基础数据。     

Macro- and micro- elements in some herbal drug raw materials and their water extracts consumed in Poland

The concentrations of seven macro- and microelements (K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn) in 59 herbs (herbs, leaves, flowers, fruits, roots), which are commercially available and frequently used in Poland for medical purposes as well as in their water extracts (infusions and decoctions), were determined after microwave mineralization. The data obtained show that all herbal raw materials analysed contain macroelements in the range of mg g⁻¹ on d.w. whereas microelements in the range of mg kg⁻¹ on d.w. and that elemental concentrations varied widely. On the basis of a comparison of concentrations of elements in herbal raw materials examined and water extracts prepared from them, the extraction efficiency was expressed as a percent of the total content of each element present in the infusion or decoction. The percentages of macro- and micro- elements leaching from different morphological parts of plants into water extracts varied across a wide range of values, from 1% in the case of Na to 56% in the case of K. Real daily intake of the macro- and microelements elements through one cup of infusions or decoctions were shown that water extracts from herbal raw materials are not an important source of bioelements in human diet.      

藏药材麻花艽中铜锌铁锰含量分析

采用ICP-AES法对青海省内采集的麻花艽中的铜、锌、铁、锰的含量进行了测定。结果表明,麻花艽中四种元素含量丰富,各部位含量差异较大,其中基部茎部含量较高,入药部位根部次之,为以后的开发利用提供了基础数据。     

Trace elements in the atmosphere determined by nuclear activation analysis and their interpretation

Concentrations of 30 elements in the atmospheric particulate material were determined by three defferent nuclear activation techniques, namely; photon, thermal neutron and 14 MeV neutron activation analysis. Trace element concentrations observed were interpreted in terms of Enrichment Factor, EF, of each element with respect to crustal abundance and coal in order to find any possible correlation between the existance of highly enriched elements in the atmosphere and pollution source materials. It was also found that enrichment factors of elements are inversly proportional with the size of particulate material. Supported in part by Funds For Overseas Research Grants and Education (FORGE) and Scientific and Technical Research Council (TBTAK) of Turkey.     

A technique for sequential leaching of coal and fly ash resulting in good recovery of trace elements

Coal and fly ash contain many elements. These elements exist in different forms which may change throughout the coal combustion process. There are several processes, including X-ray techniques and leaching techniques by which studies have attempted to assess the form of a particular element in a sample. This work focuses on determining the leachability of selected elements sequentially leached in four extraction solutions: water, 1 M ammonium acetate, 3 M hydrochloric acid and 50% hydrofluoric acid. The emphasis is on evaluating the steps involved in the leaching process with the mass recovery for each element being the basis for evaluation. The total amount of each element that will leach out under the given extraction condition is presented as a fraction of the total present in the material. The materials evaluated were NIST coal and fly ash standards. The elements measured in this study include aluminum, barium, beryllium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, sodium, strontium, vanadium and zinc.