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1.
We study the rate of uniform approximation by Nörlund means of the rectangular partial sums of double Fourier series of continuous functionsf(x, y), 2π-periodic in each variable. The results are given in terms of the modulus of symmetric smoothness defined by $$\begin{gathered} \omega _2 \left( {f,\delta _1 ,\delta _2 } \right) = \mathop {\sup }\limits_{x,y} \mathop {\sup }\limits_{\left| u \right| \leqslant \delta _1 ,\left| v \right| \leqslant \delta _2 } \left| {f\left( {x + u,y + v} \right)} \right. + f\left( {x + u,y - v} \right) + f\left( {x - u,y + v} \right) \hfill \\ + \left. {f\left( {x - u,y - v} \right) + 4f\left( {x,y} \right)} \right| for \delta _1 ,\delta _2 \geqslant 0. \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ As a special case we obtain the rate of uniform approximation to functionsf(x,y) in Lip({α, β}), the Lipschitz class, and inZ({α, β}), the Zygmund class of ordersα andβ, 0<α,β ≤ l, as well as the rate of uniform approximation to the conjugate functions \(\tilde f^{(1,0)} (x,y), \tilde f^{(0,1)} (x,y)\) and \(\tilde f^{(1,1)} (x,y)\) .  相似文献   

2.
The modified Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators discussed in this paper are given byM_nf≡M_n(f,x)=(n+2)P_(n,k)∫_0~1p_n+1.k(t)f(t)dt,whereWe will show,for 0<α<1 and 1≤p≤∞  相似文献   

3.
ДОкАжАНО, ЧтО Дль тОгО, ЧтОБы Дльr РАж ДИФФЕРЕНцИРУЕМОИ НА пРОМЕжУткЕ [А, + ∞) ФУНкцИИf сУЩЕстВОВА л тАкОИ МНОгОЧлЕН (1) $$P(x) = \mathop \Sigma \limits_{\kappa = 0}^{r - 1} a_k x^k ,$$ , ЧтО (2) $$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to + \infty } (f(x) - P(x))^{(k)} = 0,k = 0,1,...,r - 1,$$ , НЕОБхОДИМО И ДОстАтО ЧНО, ЧтОБы схОДИлсь ИН тЕгРАл (3) $$\int\limits_a^{ + \infty } {dt_1 } \int\limits_{t_1 }^{ + \infty } {dt_2 ...} \int\limits_{t_{r - 1} }^{ + \infty } {f^{(r)} (t)dt.}$$ ЕслИ ЁтОт ИНтЕгРАл сх ОДИтсь, тО Дль кОЁФФИц ИЕНтОВ МНОгОЧлЕНА (1) ИМЕУт МЕс тО ФОРМУлы $$\begin{gathered} a_{r - m} = \frac{1}{{(r - m)!}}\left( {\mathop \Sigma \limits_{j = 1}^m \frac{{( - 1)^{m - j} f^{(r - j)} (x_0 )}}{{(m - j)!}}} \right.x_0^{m - j} + \hfill \\ + ( - 1)^{m - 1} \left. {\mathop \Sigma \limits_{l = 0}^{m - 1} \frac{{x_0^l }}{{l!}}\int\limits_a^{ + \infty } {dt_1 } \int\limits_{t_1 }^{ + \infty } {dt_2 ...} \int\limits_{t_{m - l - 1} }^{ + \infty } {f^{(r)} (t_{m - 1} )dt_{m - 1} } } \right),m = 1,2,...,r. \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ ДОстАтОЧНыМ, НО НЕ НЕОБхОДИМыМ Усл ОВИЕМ схОДИМОстИ кРА тНОгО ИНтЕгРАлА (3) ьВльЕтсь схОДИМОсть ИНтЕгРАл А \(\int\limits_a^{ + \infty } {x^{r - 1} f^{(r)} (x)dx}\)   相似文献   

4.
LetP(z) be a polynomial of degreen which does not vanish in the disk |z|<k. It has been proved that for eachp>0 andk≥1, $$\begin{gathered} \left\{ {\frac{1}{{2\pi }}\int_0^{2\pi } {\left| {P^{(s)} (e^{i\theta } )} \right|^p d\theta } } \right\}^{1/p} \leqslant n(n - 1) \cdots (n - s + 1) B_p \hfill \\ \times \left\{ {\frac{1}{{2\pi }}\int_0^{2\pi } {\left| {P(e^{i\theta } )} \right|^p d\theta } } \right\}^{1/p} , \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ where $B_p = \left\{ {\frac{1}{{2\pi }}\int_0^{2\pi } {\left| {k^s + e^{i\alpha } } \right|^p d\alpha } } \right\}^{ - 1/p} $ andP (s)(z) is thesth derivative ofP(z). This result generalizes well-known inequality due to De Bruijn. Asp→∞, it gives an inequality due to Govil and Rahman which as a special case gives a result conjectured by Erdös and first proved by Lax.  相似文献   

5.
It is the aim of this paper to introduce two new notions of discrepancy. They are defined by the formulas $$\begin{gathered} \Delta _N^r \left( {\omega ;f} \right) = \mathop {\sup }\limits_{\left| z \right| = r} \left| {\left( {{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 N}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} N}} \right)\sum\limits_{n = 1}^N {f\left( {z e^2 \pi i\omega \left( n \right)} \right)} - f\left( 0 \right)} \right|, and \hfill \\ \delta _N^r \left( {\omega ;f} \right) = \mathop {\sup }\limits_{\left| z \right| = r} \left| {\left( {{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 N}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} N}} \right)\sum\limits_{n = 1}^N {f\left( {z \omega \left( n \right)} \right)} \cdot z - \int\limits_0^z {f\left( \zeta \right)d\zeta } } \right|, \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ wheref is a holomorphic function defined in the unit disc withf (k) (0)≠0 for allk∈?,r<1 is a positive number, and ω is a sequence in [0, 1]. The first of these discrepancies can be generalized for multidimensional sequences. ω is uniform distributed if and only if lim N→∞ Δ N r (ω;f)=0 resp. lim N→∞δ N r (ω;f)=0. These results are proved in a quantitative way by estimating the classical discrepancyD N (ω) by means ofΔ N r (ω;f) and δ N r (ω;f): $$\begin{gathered} \Delta _N^r \left( {\omega ;f} \right) \ll D_N \left( \omega \right) \ll \Phi \left( {\Delta _N^r \left( {\omega ;f} \right)} \right), \hfill \\ \delta _N^r \left( {\omega ;f} \right) \ll D_N \left( \omega \right) \ll \Psi \left( {\delta _N^r \left( {\omega ;f} \right)} \right). \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ The functions Φ and Ψ only depend onf andr. These estimations are based on the inequalities ofKoksma-Hlawka andErdös-Turán.  相似文献   

6.
For the classes of periodic functions with r-th derivative integrable in the mean,we obtain a best quadrature formula of the form $$\begin{gathered} \int_0^1 {f(x)dx = \sum\nolimits_{k = 0}^{m - 1} {\sum\nolimits_{l = 0}^\rho {p_{k,l} } } } f^{(l)} (x_k ) + R(f),0 \leqslant \rho \leqslant r - 1, \hfill \\ 0 \leqslant x_0< x_1< ...< x_{m - 1} \leqslant 1, \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ where ρ=r?2 and r?3, r=3, 5, 7, ..., and we determine an exact bound for the error of this formula.  相似文献   

7.
В работе для неотрица тельных последовате льностей (...,a ?1 i ), aa 0 i ),a 1 i ), ...), удовлетв оряющих условию \(0< \mathop {\sup }\limits_k a_k^{(i)}< \infty\) (i=1,...,т), доказ а но неравенство (1) $$\begin{gathered} \mathop \sum \limits_{k = - \infty }^\infty \mathop {\sup }\limits_{k \leqq k_1 + \ldots + k_m \leqq k + l} (a_{k_1 }^{(1)} \ldots a_{k_m }^{(m)} ) \geqq \hfill \\ \geqq \mathop \prod \limits_{i = 1}^m (\mathop {\sup }\limits_{ - \infty< k< \infty } a_k^{(i)} )\left[ {\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^m \frac{{\mathop \sum \limits_{k = - \infty }^\infty (a_k^{(i)} )^{p_i } }}{{(\mathop {\sup }\limits_{ - \infty< k< \infty } a_k^{(i)} )^{p_i } }} + l - m + 1} \right], \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ гдеl произвольное не отрицательное целое число, 1≦p 1, ...,p m ≦∞ и \(\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^m p_i^{ - 1} = 1\) . Это неравенство явля ется обобщением и уто чнением неравенств А. Прекопа, Ш. Данча и Л. Лейндлера. Доказано также, что ес ли все последователь ности содержат только коне чное число ненулевых членов, то н еобходимым условием для равенства в (1) является существование такого числа α>0, чтоa k( i )=а илиa k( i )=0 для всехi=1,...,m;?∞<k<∞.  相似文献   

8.
We consider a class of planar self-affine tiles T = M-1 a∈D(T + a) generated by an expanding integral matrix M and a collinear digit set D as follows:M =(0-B 1-A),D = {(00),...,(|B|0-1)}.We give a parametrization S1 →T of the boundary of T with the following standard properties.It is H¨older continuous and associated with a sequence of simple closed polygonal approximations whose vertices lie on T and have algebraic preimages.We derive a new proof that T is homeomorphic to a disk if and only if 2|A| |B + 2|.  相似文献   

9.
Let C(Q) denote the space of continuous functions f(x, y) in the square Q = [?1, 1] × [?1, 1] with the norm $\begin{gathered} \left\| f \right\| = \max \left| {f(x,y)} \right|, \hfill \\ (x,y) \in Q. \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $ On a Chebyshev grid, a cubature formula of the form $\int\limits_{ - 1}^1 {\int\limits_{ - 1}^1 {\frac{1} {{\sqrt {(1 - x^2 )(1 - y^2 )} }}f(x,y)dxdy = \frac{{\pi ^2 }} {{mn}}\sum\limits_{i = 1}^n {\sum\limits_{j = 1}^m {f\left( {\cos \frac{{2i - 1}} {{2n}}\pi ,\cos \frac{{2j - 1}} {{2m}}\pi } \right)} + R_{m,n} (f)} } } $ is considered in some class H(r 1, r 2) of functions f ?? C(Q) defined by a generalized shift operator. The remainder R m, n (f) is proved to satisfy the estimate $\mathop {\sup }\limits_{f \in H(r_1 ,r_2 )} \left| {R_{m,n} (f)} \right| = O(n^{ - r_1 + 1} + m^{ - r_2 + 1} ), $ where r 1, r 2 > 1; ???1 ?? n/m ?? ?? with ?? > 0; and the constant in O(1) depends on ??.  相似文献   

10.
For the functional differential equationu (n) (t)=f(u)(t) we have established the sufficient conditions for solvability and unique solvability of the boundary value problems $$u^{(i)} (0) = c_i (i = 0,...,m - 1), \smallint _0^{ + \infty } |u^{(m)} (t)|^2 dt< + \infty $$ and $$\begin{gathered} u^{(i)} (0) = c_i (i = 0),...,m - 1, \hfill \\ \smallint _0^{ + \infty } t^{2j} |u^{(j)} (t)|^2 dt< + \infty (j = 0,...,m), \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ wheren≥2,m is the integer part of $\tfrac{n}{2}$ ,c i R, andf is the continuous operator acting from the space of (n?1)-times continuously differentiable functions given on an interval [0,+∞] into the space of locally Lebesgue integrable functions.  相似文献   

11.
Define , $S_{k,n} = \Sigma _{1 \leqslant i_1< \cdot \cdot \cdot< l_k \leqslant n} X_{i_1 } \cdot \cdot \cdot X_{i_k } ,n \geqslant k \geqslant {\text{1}}$ where {X, X n ,n≥1} are i.i.d. random variables withEX=0,EX 2=1 and letH k (·) denote the Hermite polynomial of degreek. By establishing an LIL for products of correlated sums of i.i.d. random variables, the a.s. decomposition $$\begin{gathered} k!S_{k,n} = n^{k/2} H_k (S_{1n} /n^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}} ) - \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} k \\ 2 \\ \end{array} } \right)S_{1.n}^{k - 2} \sum\limits_{i = 1}^n {(X_i^2 - 1)} \hfill \\ + O(n^{(k - 1)/2} (\log \log n)^{(k - 3/2} ) \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ valid whenEX 4<∞, elicits an LIL forη k,n =k!S k,n ?n k/2 H k (S 1n /n 1/2) under a reduced normalization. Moreover, whenE|X| p <∞ for somep in [2, 4], a Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund type strong law forη k,n is obtained, likewise under a reduced normalization.  相似文献   

12.
I begin with a new short proof of: (I) LetP(t) inR d be a function oft havingn continuous derivatives foratx. ThenP(x)∈ convK, where $$K = \left\{ {\sum\limits_{j = 0}^{n - 1} {\frac{{(x - a)^j }}{{j!}}} P^{(j)} (a) + \frac{{(x - a)^n }}{{n!}}P^{(n)} (t),a \leqslant t \leqslant x} \right\}.$$ for applying (I) let bef(t) a real function such that the point ((t?a) n+1,f(t)) fulfills the conditions of (I). Then (I) gives a sharper estimate of then th remainder term off(x) than the Lagrange remainder formula. Iff( n )(t) is also convex inatx, thenf(x)∈[c,d], where $$\begin{gathered} c = \sum\limits_{j = 0}^{n - 1} {\frac{{(x - a)^j }}{{j!}}f^{(j)} (a) + \frac{{(x - a)^n }}{{n!}}f^{(n)} \left( {\frac{{na + x}}{{n + 1}}} \right)} , \hfill \\ d = \sum\limits_{j = 0}^{n - 1} {\frac{{(x - a)^j }}{{j!}}f^{(j)} (a) + \frac{{(x - a)^n }}{{n!}}} \frac{{nf^{(n)} (a) + f^{(n)} (x)}}{{n + 1}}. \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$   相似文献   

13.
Let X and Y be fences of size n and m, respectively and n, m be either both even or both odd integers (i.e., |m-n| is an even integer). Let \(r = \left\lfloor {{{(n - 1)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{(n - 1)} 2}} \right. \kern-0em} 2}} \right\rfloor\) . If 1<n<-m then there are \(a_{n,m} = (m + 1)2^{n - 2} - 2(n - 1)(\begin{array}{*{20}c} {n - 2} \\ r \\ \end{array} )\) of strictly increasing mappings of X to Y. If 1<-m<-n<-2m and s=1/2(n?m) then there are a n,m+b n,m+c n of such mappings, where $$\begin{gathered} b_{n,m} = 8\sum\limits_{i = 0}^{s - 2} {\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {m + 2i + 1} \\ l \\ \end{array} } \right)4^{s - 2 - 1} } \hfill \\ {\text{ }}c_n = \left\{ \begin{gathered} \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {n - 1} \\ {s - 1} \\ \end{array} } \right){\text{ if both }}n,m{\text{ are even;}} \hfill \\ {\text{ 0 if both }}n,m{\text{ are odd}}{\text{.}} \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \right. \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$   相似文献   

14.
A difference scheme is constructed for the solution of the variational equation $$\begin{gathered} a\left( {u, v} \right)---u \geqslant \left( {f, v---u} \right)\forall v \varepsilon K,K \{ vv \varepsilon W_2^2 \left( \Omega \right) \cap \mathop {W_2^1 \left( \Omega \right)}\limits^0 ,\frac{{\partial v}}{{\partial u}} \geqslant 0 a.e. on \Gamma \} ; \hfill \\ \Omega = \{ x = (x_1 ,x_2 ):0 \leqslant x_\alpha< l_\alpha ,\alpha = 1, 2\} \Gamma = \bar \Omega - \Omega ,a(u, v) = \hfill \\ = \int\limits_\Omega {\Delta u\Delta } vdx \equiv (\Delta u,\Delta v, \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ The following bound is obtained for this scheme: $$\left\| {y - u} \right\|_{W_2 \left( \omega \right)}^2 = 0(h^{(2k - 5)/4} )u \in W_2^k \left( \Omega \right),\left\| {y - u} \right\|_{W_2^2 \left( \omega \right)} = 0(h^{\min (k - 2;1,5)/2} ),u \in W_\infty ^k \left( \Omega \right) \cap W_2^3 \left( \Omega \right)$$ The following bounds are obtained for the mixed boundary-value problem: $$\begin{gathered} \left\| {y - u} \right\|_{W_2^2 \left( \omega \right)} = 0\left( {h^{\min \left( {k - 2;1,5} \right)} } \right),u \in W_\infty ^k \left( \Omega \right),\left\| {y - u} \right\|_{W_2^2 \left( \omega \right)} = 0\left( {h^{k - 2,5} } \right), \hfill \\ u \in W_2^k \left( \Omega \right),k \in \left[ {3,4} \right] \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ .  相似文献   

15.
Letμ>m?1, letν be a rational number, and letω k=b k v , where bk ≠ 0 are distinct numbers of an imaginary quadratic field K, which satisfy some additional conditions. Then $$\begin{gathered} |{}_1x_1 \omega _1 + ... + x_m \omega _m | > X^{ - \mu } , \hfill \\ X = \max |x_k | \geqslant X, > 0, \hfill \\ 1 \leqslant k \leqslant m \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ where x1, ..., xm are integers of the field K, and X0 is an effective constant.  相似文献   

16.
We are considering a class S of functions F(z), F(0) = 0, F′(0) = 1 that are univalent and regular in the circle ¦z¦ < 1, and its subclasses s h * and K of starlike functions of order h and of convex functions respectively. Among others, we establish the following results: If F(z)εs and 0 < α < 1, then IfF (z) ε s (0 < a < 1) and $$\begin{gathered} 1 + \operatorname{Re} {{z_1 F^n \left( {z_1 } \right)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{z_1 F^n \left( {z_1 } \right)} {F'\left( {z_1 } \right)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {F'\left( {z_1 } \right)}} = \operatorname{Re} {{\alpha z_1 F''\left( {\alpha z_1 } \right)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\alpha z_1 F''\left( {\alpha z_1 } \right)} {F'\left( {\alpha z_1 } \right)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {F'\left( {\alpha z_1 } \right)}} \hfill \\ \left( {2 - \sqrt 3< \left| {z_1 } \right| = r< 1} \right) \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ then we obtain the domain of values of the point αz1.  相似文献   

17.
Пусть Tn(f)={L1(f), ..., Ln(f)} — набор линейных функционал ов, заданных на простран стве \(C_{(r - 1)} (\parallel f\parallel _{C_{(r - 1)} } = \mathop {\max }\limits_{0 \leqq i \leqq r - 1} \parallel f^{(i)} \parallel _C );A_{n,r}\) — множество всех так их наборов функцио налов; С2n, 2 — множество всех н аборов из 2n функциона лов вида $$T_{2n} (f) = \{ f(x_1 ), \ldots ,f(x_n ),f'(x_1 ), \ldots ,f'(x_n )\}$$ и s: Еn→Е1. Доказано, что е слиW r множество всех 2π-периодических функ цийfεW∞0, 2πr, то приr=1,2,3,... ирε(1, ∞) и $$\begin{gathered} \mathop {\inf }\limits_{T_{2n} \in A_{2n,r} } \parallel \mathop {\inf }\limits_s \mathop {\sup }\limits_{f \in W_\infty ^r } |f( \cdot ) - s(T_{2n} ,f, \cdot )|\parallel _p = \parallel \varphi _{n,r} \parallel _p \hfill \\ \mathop {\inf }\limits_{T_{2n} \in C_{2n,2} } \parallel \mathop {\inf }\limits_s \mathop {\sup }\limits_{f \in W_\infty ^r } |f( \cdot ) - s(T_{2n} ,f, \cdot )|\parallel _p = \parallel \parallel \varphi _{n,r} \parallel _\infty - \varphi _{n,r} \parallel _p , \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ где ?n,rr-й периодичес кий интеграл, в средне м равный нулю на периоде, от фун кции ?n, 0t=sign sinnt. При этом указан ы оптимальные методы приближенного вычис ления.  相似文献   

18.
Let L denote the space of measurable 1-periodic essentially bounded functionsf(x) with ∥f∥=vrai sup ¦f(x)¦,S k (f, x) thek-th partial sum of the Walsh-Fourier series off(x),L k thek-th Lebesgue constant. The following theorem is proved. Theorem. Letλ={λ K } be a sequence of nonnegative numbers, $$\left\| \lambda \right\|_1 = \mathop \sum \limits_{k = 1}^\infty \lambda _k< \infty ,\left\| \lambda \right\|_2 = (\mathop \sum \limits_{k = 1}^\infty \lambda _k^2 )^{1/2} ,m = log[(\left\| \lambda \right\|_1 /\left\| \lambda \right\|_2 )]$$ .Then for an arbitrary function f∈L the following inequalities hold true $$\begin{gathered} \left\| {\mathop \sum \limits_{k = 1}^\infty \lambda _k \left| {S_k (f,x)} \right|} \right\| \leqq \mathop \sum \limits_{k = 1}^\infty \lambda _k (L_{[k2 - 2m]} + c)\left\| f \right\|, \hfill \\ \hfill \\ \mathop \sum \limits_{k = 1}^\infty \lambda _k \left\| {S_k (f)} \right\| \leqq \mathop \sum \limits_{k = 1}^\infty \lambda _k (L_{[k2 - m]} + c)\left\| f \right\| \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ , where[y] denotes integral part of a number y>0 and c is an absolute constant. A corollary of the above theorem is that for each functionfεL the Lebesgue estimate can be refined for a certain sequence of indices, while the growth order of Lebesgue constants along that sequence can be arbitrarily close to the logarithmic one. “In the mean”, however, the Lebesgue estimate is exact. A further corollary deals with strong summability.  相似文献   

19.
ПустьM m - множество 2π-п ериодических функци йf с конечной нормой $$||f||_{p,m,\alpha } = \sum\limits_{k = 1}^m {||f^{(k)} ||_{_p } + \mathop {\sup }\limits_{h \ne 0} |h|^{ - \alpha } ||} f^{(m)} (o + h) - f^{(m)} (o)||_{p,} $$ где1 ≦ p ≦ ∞, 0≦α≦1. Рассмотр им средние Bалле Пуссе на $$(\sigma _{n,1} f)(x) = \frac{1}{\pi }\int\limits_0^{2x} {f(u)K_{n,1} (x - u)du} $$ и $$(L_{n,1} f)(x) = \frac{2}{{2n + 1}}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{2n} {f(x_k )K_{n,1} } (x - x_k ),$$ де0≦l≦n и x k=2kπ/(2n+1). В работе по лучены оценки для вел ичин \(||f - \sigma _{n,1} f||_{p,r,\beta } \) и $$||f - L_{n,1} f||_{p,r,\beta } (r + \beta \leqq m + \alpha ).$$   相似文献   

20.
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