Antihypertensive drugs as an inhibitors for corrosion of aluminum and aluminum silicon alloys in aqueous solutions

The corrosion behavior of aluminum and three aluminum–silicon alloys in different concentrations of HCl solutions and its inhibition by antihypertensive drugs was studied using potentiostatic polarization measurements. As the acid concentration increases, the rate of corrosion increases. Aluminum is less susceptible to corrosion than any of Al–Si alloys. The inhibition efficiency of the drug compounds increases with their concentration up to a critical value. At higher additive concentrations the inhibition efficiency starts to decrease. The inhibitive action of these compounds is due to their formation of insoluble complex adsorbed on the metal surface. The adsorption follows Langmuir adsorption isotherms. It was found that the drugs compounds provide protection to Al and Al–Si alloys against pitting corrosion by shifting the pitting potential to more positive direction until critical drug concentrations (250 ppm). After this critical concentration the inhibition against to pitting corrosion starts to decrease.     

Magnetically recoverable lanthanum hydroxide as an efficient catalyst for Aerobic Oxidative Conversions of primary alcohols to the nitriles

Herein we report a novel magnetically recoverable lanthanum hydroxide nanoparticles for oxidative synthesis of nitriles directly from corresponding alcohols with ammonia as nitrogen source. The procedure for the preparation and characterization of La(OH)₃/Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles were investigated and the scope and generality of the method was explored for a series of structurally diverse primary alcohols with electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups. The best result was observed when 5 mol% of La with respect to the benzyl alcohol was used at reflux condition under O₂ atmosphere. The La(OH)₃/Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles could be easily isolated from the reaction mixture with an external magnet and reused at least 5 times without significant loss in activity.     

Electrochemical and computational studies of an expired vilazodone Drug as environmentally safe corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in chloride medium

Through using chemical and electrochemical methods, the theoretical and experimental investigation of the expired vilazodone drug's ability to prevent corrosion on aluminium (Al) in a corrosive medium of HCl (1 M) has been examined. Weighing tests (WL), electrochemical (impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP)), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests at 25 °C have all been used to investigate Vilazodone's capability to prevent corrosion of Al in 1 M HCl in the concentration in the range of 25–150 ppm. The corrosion inhibition effect of the investigate Vilazodone's against Al in acid environment was investigated weight loss and electrochemical methods. The highest % inhibition efficiency (%IE) was 95% resulted from weight loss technique at the highest concentration for inhibitor. According to the PDP data, this examined vilazodone function as a mixed-type inhibitor, impacting both the anodic and cathodic reactions. The inhibitors covered the active points of the metal surface, according to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), to prevent corrosion. It was discovered that the inhibitor adsorption on the Al surface obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isothermal model. AFM, SEM, and FTIR surface examinations proved the inhibitor had a significant protective effect against Al dissolution in 1 M HCl. The outcomes from chemical and electrochemical methods are relatively consistent. Vilazodone acted as an effective corrosion inhibitor, according to all of the experimental data.     

Development of liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometric method for the quantitative determination of a novel adjuvant,Imidazoquinoline gallamide in aluminum hydroxide gel-Imidazoquinoline gallamide and COVAXIN

Imidazoquinoline gallamide is a toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist, belongs to the imidazoquinoline class, has the potential to activate antigen-presenting cells, and enhances immune response, primarily Th1 response. The COVAXIN is a whole virion inactivated Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine formulated with this novel adjuvant called, aluminum hydroxide gel Imidazoquinoline gallamide, wherein, Imidazoquinoline gallamide is chemisorbed onto aluminum hydroxide gel. Herein, an analytical method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed to identify and quantify Imidazoquinoline gallamide in aluminum hydroxide gel Imidazoquinoline gallamide and COVAXIN. The multiple reaction monitoring transitions were optimized for Imidazoquinoline gallamide quantification are [M+H]⁺ ions with 512.24→343.19 m/z (quantifier ion) and 512.24→360.22 m/z (qualifier ion). The developed method was validated as per the international conference on harmonization quality2 revison1 guidelines. The method was linear in the range of 0.025–10 µg/mL with a coefficient of determination of 0.9985 and the limit of quantification is 0.025 µg/mL. The accuracy was in the range of 82–121 % and intra- and inter-day precision was less than 7.1% and 5.39%, respectively. The expanded uncertainty results are 9.2% for Imidazoquinoline gallamide in the sample. The validated method was successfully applied to evaluate Imidazoquinoline gallamide concentration in every batch of COVAXIN.     

通过温和的镍腐蚀制备珊瑚状FeNi(OH)x/Ni作为一种一体化高效水分解电极

高效稳定并可同时催化析氧反应(OER)和析氢反应(HER)的非贵金属催化剂对于实现廉价水分解电解槽的商业化十分重要.虽然众多研究表明FeNi(OH)x是一种极具潜力的催化剂,但是在基础研究与更有实用前景的电极之间仍有许多空白亟待填补.比如,基础研究多基于薄膜电极,其催化剂内部导电性的影响通常可以忽略.而基于实用化的电极则需要负载较厚的催化剂膜以获得更多的活性位,与此同时,其催化剂内部导电性的不利影响将会增大.此外,物质传递方面也会出现类似的情况.因此,一些在基础研究中显示出高本征活性的催化剂,在更加接近实际应用的体系下难以表现出预期的高活性.对于这一问题,目前鲜有相关的研究报道.基于上述分析,本文报道了一种经济且环保的方法,以制备珊瑚状的FeNi(OH)x/Ni催化剂.在碱性条件下,该催化剂具有同时催化OER和HER,从而实现全水分解的能力.在催化剂的制备过程中,具有高本征活性的FeNi(OH)x纳米片借助Fe(NO3)3对Ni温和的腐蚀过程,被原位负载到珊瑚状镍骨架上.这些纳米片与电沉积制备的珊瑚镍骨架以及3D泡沫镍基底一起构成了一体化的析气电极.这样的电极结构有助于暴露活性位、电解质快速传递和气体产物的迅速释放.此外,与珊瑚状金属镍骨架的复合也有利于减轻较厚的催化剂薄膜所带来的导电性降低的负面影响.在1.0mol L-1 KOH溶液中,以FeNi(OH)x/Ni同时作为阳极和阴极而构建的对称电解槽表现出了优异的催化活性,只需要施加1.52 V的槽压即获得10 mA cm-2的催化电流密度.其活性甚至优于当前最佳的由贵金属催化剂RuO2和Pt/C构建的非对称电解槽所表现出来的活性(10 mA cm-2的槽压为1.55 V).本文提供了一种简便易行且十分可靠的制备更加实用、具有潜力且可负担的水分解装置的策略.     

Bibliometric analysis and an overview of the application of the non-precious materials for pyrolysis reaction of plastic waste

Huge plastic consumption and depletion of fossil fuels are at the top of the world's environmental and energy challenges. The scientific community has tackled these issues through different approaches. Catalytic pyrolysis of plastic wastes to valuable products has been proved as a sustainable route which fits with the circular economy aspects. The design of catalytic materials is the central factor for performing the catalytic conversion of plastic wastes. This review aims to conduct a Bibliometric analysis of the pyrolysis of plastic wastes and non-precious-based catalysts by mapping research studies over the last fifty years. The analysis was developed via VOSviewer and RStudio tools. It showed the historical progress regarding plastic waste pyrolysis to produce valuable products and chemicals worldwide. The research shows that the top five countries with the highest citations and publications in this field were Spain, China, England, the USA and India. The Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis had the most comprehensive coverage of plastic waste. The relationship between the catalyst and the mechanism of plastic waste can influence the production yield and selectivity. The research gap and underrepresented research topics were identified, and previous research studies on developing non-precious-based catalysts that were most relevant to the current topic were reviewed and discussed. The challenges and perspectives on catalyst preparation and development for material complexity were critically discussed. Challenges of previous studies and directions for future research were provided. This report might guide the reader to take a general look at plastic waste valorization by pyrolysis and easily understand the main challenges.