Two new metabolites of a marine endophytic fungus (No. 1893) from an estuarine mangrove on the South China Sea coast

The endophytic fungus No. 1893 was isolated from the dropper of Kandelia candel from an estuarine mangrove on the South China Sea coast. The ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of this fungus strain exhibited cytotoxicity toward NCI4460 and Bel-7402, and high activities against Heliothis armigera (Hühner) and Sinergasilus spp. Two new lactones, 1893A (1) and B (2), together with 5-(p-hydroxybenzyl)hydantoin and two cyclodipeptides, cyclo-(Ser-Leu) and cyclo-(Phe-Gly), were isolated from the extract. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic experiments, including X-ray diffraction.     

Antifungal effects of secondary metabolites isolated from marine organisms collected from the Tunisian coast

Phallusides 1,2,3 (1), Fasciculatin (2), Acanthelline (3), Axisonitrile (4), Oroïdin (5) and the Novel bromopyrolimidazolic compound Axinellizine (6) were evaluated for their antifungal effects against several phytopatogenic fungi and were found to possess considerable activities. Insecticidal effect of only Acanthellin (3) against the major pest of stored products Tribolium confusum Duv has been carried out using direct contact application method showing a significant inhibitory effect of the test material on the T. confusum Duv larvae growth. Forty-five percent mortality of the adults was achieved 8 days after treatment.     

New metabolites from the fungus Stereum purpureum

Two new sterpurene sesquiterpenes, 4,12-dihydroxysterpurene (1) and 5,12-dihydroxysterpurene (3), have been isolated from Stereum purpureum, and identified mainly on the basis of mass spectra and extensive nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, especially two-dimensional NMR.     

New metabolites from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus fumigatus

A new alkaloid, fumiquinazoline K (1), and a new nordammarane triterpenoid (2), together with three known diketopiperazines (3-5) and tryptoquivaline F (6) have been isolated from a marine strain of Aspergillus fumigatus KMM 4 631 associated with the soft coral Sinularia sp. Their structures were determined by HR-MS and 1D and 2D NMR. Compounds 3-5 exhibit weak cytotoxicity against cytoplasm non-specific esterase in Ehrlich carcinoma cells. Compound 3 also induces early apoptosis of the same cells in a non-toxic range of concentrations.     

南海红树林内生真菌ZSU-H26生物碱类代谢产物的研究

海洋微生物资源由于具有可持续开发性,而且其活性物质不像来源于其它海洋生物(如海绵、海藻、海兔、珊瑚等)产生的生物活性物质,其生产不受天然资源难再生的限制,能通过发酵进行胞外生产,与现代微生物技术相结合,较容易实现工业化生产,特别是其生产不对环境造成危害,符合当今绿色化学发展的方向.     

Terpenoid metabolites of the nudibranch Hexabranchus sanguineus from the South China Sea

Chemical analysis of the secondary metabolite pattern of the nudibranch Hexabranchus sanguineus collected from the South China Sea revealed the presence of both sesquiterpenoids and diterpenoids, exhibiting very different structural features. Two new molecules, compounds 1 and 4, were isolated together with known compounds 2 and 3, and chemically characterized. This is the first report of terpenoids from H. sanguineus. The remarkable diversity of metabolites possessed by H. sanguineus supports some recent phylogenetic studies that place the mollusc near the steam of the dorid nudibranch tree.     

Five unique compounds: xyloketals from mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. from the South China Sea coast

Five unique metabolites, xyloketals A (1), B (2), C (3), D (4), and E (5), and the known 6 were isolated from mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. (no. 2508), obtained from the South China Sea. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction experiments. Xyloketal A is a ketal compound with a C(3) symmetry and xyloketals B-E are its analogues. It was found that xytoketal C slowly rearranged to xytoketal B in DMSO-d(6)() solution at room temperature. Xyloketal A exhibited the activity of inhibiting acetylcholine esterase.     

Identification of thuridillin-related aldehydes from Mediterranean sacoglossan mollusk Thuridilla hopei

The re-investigation of the Mediterranean opisthobranch Thuridilla hopei resulted in the isolation and chemical characterization of three novel nor-diterpene aldehydes, nor-thuridillonals 2–4, structurally related to co-occurring already reported thuridillins. Analogous with the thuridillins, the new molecules were thought to derive from the same dietary precursor epoxylactone 1.     

南海红树林内生真菌Cephalosporium sp．（2090#）次级代谢产物研究

海洋微生物是寻找海洋药物先导化合物的一个新的源泉,人们已经从海洋微生物的次级代谢产物中分离得到了很多结构新颖或强药理活性的化合物[1]。我们在对中国南海红树林内生真菌的研究中,发现了大量的生物活性化合物,这也揭示了我国南海海洋真菌具有极大的药用开发前景[2-5]。红     

New p-terphenyl and benzoquinone metabolites from the bioluminescent mushroom Neonothopanus nambi

Abstract

Two new p-terphenyls, neonambiterphenyls A and B (1–2), a new benzoquinone, neonambiquinone A (3), together with six known sesquiterpenes (4–9), were isolated from the bioluminescent mushroom Neonothopanus nambi PW3. The isolated compounds were identified by mass, IR and spectroscopic analyses (1D and 2D NMR). Compounds 1–3 and 5–7 showed cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines such as KB, NCI-H187 and MCF-7 with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.45 to 49.31?µg/mL. In addition, compounds 1 and 5 showed cytotoxicity against Vero cells with IC₅₀ values of 38.72 and 32.90?µg/mL, respectively.     

New ganoderic acids, bioactive triterpenoid metabolites from the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum

Two new lanostanoids, 7-oxo-ganoderic acid Z (1) and 15-hydroxy-ganoderic acid S (2), were isolated from a lipophilic extract of the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum. The structures of both compounds were established by interpretation of their spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 and 2 both exhibited inhibitory activities against the HMG-CoA reductase and acyl CoA acyltransferase.     

New Briaranes from the South China Sea Gorgonian Junceella fragilis

Three new briarane diterpenes, junceellonoids C–E ( 1 – 3 ), along with six known briaranes, junceellin A ( 4 ), praelolide ( 5 ), and junceellolides A‐D ( 6 – 9 ), were isolated from the EtOH/CH₂Cl₂ extracts of the South China Sea gorgonian coral Junceella fragilis. The structures of 1 – 3 were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR data. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited mild cytotoxicity against human galactophore carcinoma (MDA‐mB‐231 and MCF‐7) cells at the concentration of 100 μM .     

New sphingolipids and a sterol from a lobophytum species of the Indian ocean

Chemical investigation of a soft coral species of the genus Lobophytum has resulted in the isolation of three new sphingolipids--(2S,3S,4R)-2-nonadecanoylamino-octadecane-1,3,4-triol (1), (2S,3R,4E,8E)-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxyheptadecanoylamino]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol (2), 1-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(2S,3R,4E,8E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxynonadecanoylamino]-9-methyl-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol (3) and a sterol--(24S)-ergost-5-en-3beta,7beta-diol (4) along with the known sphingolipid--(2S,3R,4E,8E)-2-hexadecanoylamino-4,8-octadecadien-1,3-diol (5) which showed cytotoxicity against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).     

Assessment of river water quality in the South Baltic coast by multivariate techniques

The paper presents an example of using multivariate techniques to interpret a large data set obtained during a 4-year water quality monitoring program in the Gdansk Municipality region, on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea. From 2004 to 2007, 11 physicochemical water parameters were analyzed monthly at 15 sites within eight watercourses. Principal-components analysis and cluster analysis were used to explore the data. Spatio-temporal trends in water quality were evaluated, the variables that determined the data set’s structure and the factors that affected the water’s physicochemical composition identified, with the goal of helping to optimize future monitoring. To reduce the number of analyzed variables, relationships between the analyzed parameters were also identified. The results revealed that the differences in physicochemical water properties among stations were generally smaller than those between the warmer and cooler seasons. It was determined that seasonal intrusions of brackish water from the Gulf of Gdansk can modify the water properties of some watercourses in the study area, but that dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, and total phosphorus were the main parameters responsible for the overall variation in the observed data. These parameters are related to pollution of anthropogenic origin.     

New pimarane diterpenes and other antimycobacterial metabolites from Anisochilus verticillatus

Phytochemical investigation of the acetone extract of the aerial parts of Anisochilus verticillatus afforded a new 8,9-secopimarane diterpene (1), two new isopimarane diterpenes (2, 3) and the known ursolic acid (4), α-amyrin (5), β-amyrin (6), stigmast-5-en-3-one (7) and hydroxychavicol (8). Structures of the new compounds were elucidated with the help of 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data, and single crystal X-ray crystallography of compound 3. Compounds 2 and 8 inhibited Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra with an IC₅₀ of 11.3 (IC₉₀ of 20.0 μg/mL) and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively. Correspondingly, molecular docking studies with Extra Precision Glide revealed a correlation between score and biological activity for these compounds to describe the molecular basis for the most significant SAR results.     

南海红树内生真菌1947号次级代谢产物的研究

红树植物是一类生长于潮间带的乔灌木的通称。近年来,国内外对红树内生真菌代谢产物的研究呈快速发展趋势。本课题组自上世纪90年代以来开始研究南海红树内生真菌代谢产物,迄今已从南海红树内生真菌分离得到许多有意义的代谢产物[1-5]。编号为1947号的内生真菌分离自香港江口红     

New antitumor sesquiterpenoids from Santalum album of Indian origin

Three new campherenane-type (1, 4, 7) and three new santalane-type (9, 11, 12) sesquiterpenoids, and two aromatic glycosides (21, 22) together with 12 known metabolites including α,β-santalols (14, 18), (E)-α,β-santalals (15, 19), α,β-santaldiols (16, 20), α-santalenoic acid (17), and vanillic acid 4-O-neohesperidoside were isolated from Santalum album chips of Indian origin. The structures of the new compounds, including absolute configurations, were elucidated by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic and chemical methods. The antitumor promoting activity of these isolates along with several neolignans previously isolated from the same source was evaluated for both in vitro Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation and in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis assays. Among them, compound 1 exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on EBV-EA activation, and also strongly suppressed two-stage carcinogenesis on mouse skin.