On interpretation of thermal atmospheric radio emission near SO2 resonances

Methodical aspects of SO₂ remote indication in the millimeter wave range are developed. An algorithm for estimating the SO₂ content in industrial waste is proposed. Radiophysical Research Institute, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 633–637, May, 1997.     

Influence of thermal fluctuations on the interactions between nanoscale particles

We present a method to investigate the influences of the thermal fluctuations on the nanometer-sized particle in pickup manipulation by an atomic force microscope (AFM). We show that thermal fluctuations can play an important and even major role in the interaction between particles at room temperature. Moreover, thermal fluctuations always have an opposing effect on the particle interactions. The deterministic directional motion of a particle governed by the interfacial properties of the nanoparticles becomes non-deterministic, with a reduction of the adhesion probability up to 44% under different strength of the thermal fluctuations.     

Synchronous measurements of the atmospheric radio emission in the two and three millimeter wavelength regions

Apparatus and procedure of measuring the atmospheric radio emission simultaneously in two atmospheric windows are described. The results of measurements of the sky brightness temperature and obtained atmospheric optical depth values are reported. The diurnal and seasonal variations of the sky temperature and zenith absorption as well as their relation to weather parameters of nearsurface atmospheric layer are discussed.     

Correlation radioheliograph based on the RATAN-600 radio telescope

We present methods for the practical use of variable-aperture antennas to form 2D images by correlation techniques for out-of-phase irradiation using the RATAN-600 radio telescope as an example.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 39, No. 5, pp. 527–537, May, 1996.This work was partially supported by the International Science Foundation (No. NVH000) and by a joint grant of the Russian Government and the International Science Foundation (No NVH300).     

平方公里阵列射电望远镜SKA启动建设

耗资20亿欧元,由197只碟型天线和超过十三万只阵子天线组成的平方公里阵列射电望远镜SKA一期已经开始建设,将于2029年交付使用。建设SKA这个全世界最大的射电望远镜网络,从构想提出到开工建设历时30年。望远镜将采用双台址,分别建于澳大利亚和南部非洲,在2029年建成后将运行50年。     

大气色散对4m望远镜成像分辨力的影响与校正

本文分析研究大气色散对4 m望远镜成像系统分辨率的影响及校正方法。首先计算分析了大气色散对其成像分辨力的影响,计算结果表明,天顶角大于15°时,大气色散开始影响系统成像分辨力,天顶角大于45°时,对系统成像分辨力有着较为严重的影响,需要设置大气色散校正器来进行消除。本文列举了3种大气色散校正器的实现形式,分别比较了它们的优缺点,最后选择了胶合棱镜旋转补偿的形式来消除大气色散对4 m望远镜高分辨力成像系统的影响。基于4 m望远镜高分辨力成像系统的特点,将大气色散校正器放置于成像元件前的平行光路中,并利用光学设计软件对不同天顶角与大气色散校正器的旋转角度进行了仿真分析,该大气色散校正器的最大楔角为9.65°,旋转精度为±0.1°,对系统分辨力影响为1/1 000。分析结果表明,旋转精度完全能够满足系统成像分辨力的要求,证明本文对大气色散的影响分析和大气色散校正器的设计是有效的。