镜核间的反质子与核的电荷交换反应

研究镜核之间的反质子与原子核的电荷交换反应. 在扭曲波冲量近似下,用严格的分波法分析反质子能量是179.7MeV和46.8MeV下¹³N(p,n)¹³C和¹⁵O(p,n)¹⁵N可能到达的能态的微分截面. 并指出同位族相似态跃迁与非相似态跃迁的差异.     

反质子与原子核的非弹性碰撞

在扭曲波冲量近似的框架下,本文讨论了A(p,p)A非弹性碰撞.并具体地计算了能量为46.8MeV和179.7MeV的¹²C(p,p)¹²C的 2⁺,3^－态微分截面.用严格的分波法处理扭曲波.计算表明,反质子非弹性过程用DWIA是一个好的近似.同时,讨论了束缚态行为的重要性.由于反质子受核的强吸收原因,要求具有准确的核外束缚态波函数.     

中能区反质子与核的非弹性散射

运用多次散射理论的光学势获得反质子的扭曲波.在扭曲波冲量近似下,讨论了中能区反质子与原子核的非弹性散射.考虑了反质子能量从180MeV到1800MeV这一能区¹²C,的2+,3-态微分截面.在这一能区的低能端,(E=180MeV)DWIA能够很好的符合实验,同时,预示了更高能量可能出现的微分截面的理论结果.     

反质子与原子核弹性散射的分析

用反质子与核的光学势分析了反质子入射能量为50MeV和180MeV时¹²C,^16,18O,⁴⁰Ca和²⁰⁸Pb核的弹性散射微分截面.讨论了反质子光学势是强吸收型的特点.从寻找最佳符合实验的光学势分析中发现:弥散参数a的可变性很小,且它随核的增大而增大.光学势的实部是一个浅位.光学势在核中的吸收系数趋于零,因此弹性散射主要发生在核的表面.     

反质子与核非弹性碰撞中的自旋效应

A(p,p)A*非弹性碰撞过程,若反质子的光学势包含了自旋轨道耦合势,它在碰撞过程中不但能激发正常宇称态,也能激发反常的宇称态,以及非弹性过程的极化度.本文在DWIA框架下导出了微分截面(dσ/dΩ)_f,i,极化度P(θ).并对入射能量为46.8MeV和179.7MeV ¹²C(p,p)¹²C*的2⁺,3^－和1⁺态微分截面、极化度进行严格的分波方法计算.计算与实验符合很好.由于反常宇称态的非弹过程已被测得,表明反质子光学势的自旋效应不容忽视.     

中能区反质子与原子核的弹性散射

运用实验的pN散射振幅和多次散射理论,在冲量近似下考虑反质子能量从180MeV至1800MeV的光学势,发现此能区反质子光学势的虚部强度在130—140MeV附近.用所获得的光学势,计算¹²C,²⁶O,⁴⁰Ca和²⁰⁸Pb等满壳层核在五个能量下的弹性散射微分截面.看到所用的光学势,在180MeV能很好地符合实验数值.本文还预示了此能区在各个核上的理论结果.     

低能反质子的核散射与Glauber理论

运用Glauber多次散射理论,分析低能量反质子与⁴He核的弹性散射微分截面的实验结果.看到反质子能量低到19.6MeV时,多次碰撞的特征仍然是主要的.用光学模型的计算和比较,也得到相同的结论.     

核子与镜象核3H和3He弹性散射中电荷对称破环效应

采用微观的动量空间光学势及R.Crespo和J.A.Tostevin建议的处理动量空间库仑作用的方法,计算了500MeV的核子与镜象核³H和³He弹性散射微分截面,截面比r₁,r₂和超比R.理论计算结果r₁,r₂和R均不等于1,显示出由于p–核库仑作用直接引起的电荷对称破坏效应.     

58,60,62,64Ni25.1MeV质子非弹性散射研究及其低激发态能谱和B(E2)比率的IBA分析

使用上海原子核研究所1.4m等时性迴旋加速器提供的25.1MeV质子束,测量了偶镍同位素弹性散射和第一激发态2+1的非弹性散射微分截面.用零程扭曲波玻恩近似(DWBA)作理论分析,得到^58,60,62,64Ni解决2+1态的四极形变参数β₂分别为0.23、0.28,0.25,0.21.采用相互作用玻色子近似(IBA)计算了这些核低激发态能谱及其约化电跃迁几率B(E2).并对IBA唯象参数作了初步的准粒子无规位相近似(QPRPA)微观计算.     

较低能区质子与核弹性散射相对论性的研究

在能量低于300MeV的能区中讨论了含有罗仑兹不变性的相对论性光学势.并用严格的分波方法求解含有标量势和矢量势的Dirac方程.对质子在300—65MeV能区中与⁴⁰Ca核作计算并与弹性散射微分截面dσ/dΩ,分析本领A_y(θ)和自旋转动函数Q(θ)的实验结果比较.看到改进了的相对论性光学势与这些实验值符合甚好.     

Elastic and inelastic scattering of nucleons from 16O

Measurements of differential elastic and inelastic cross sections for neutron scattering from ¹⁶O at incident energies 18 to 26 MeV are presented. In addition to cross sections for neutron scattering differential cross sections for proton scattering up to 66 MeV are described in terms of phenomenological optical model potentials. At 24.5 MeV incident energy inelastic scattering up to 11.5 MeV excitation was measured. The elastic and inelastic compound nucleus contributions were examined. Direct inelastic scattering from the normal parity states was calculated using the DWBA and coupled-channel formalisms. The inelastic scattering cross section from non-normal parity state 2⁻ was calculated using the coupled-channel formalism via multi-step processes. Cross sections due to inelastic scattering from some of the states, which are thought to be members of an excited state rotational band were calculated using both vibrational and rotational approaches and were compared.     

Antiproton-Nucleus Inelastic Scattering at Intermediate Energies

The distorted wave of antiproton is obtained by an optical potential derived from the multiple scattering theory In the framework of the distorted wave impulseapproximation, we discuss the antiproton-nucleus inelastic scattering at intermediate energies. The inelastic differential cross sections of 2+, 3- states at antiproton energies from 180 MeV to 1800 MeV are calculated. It is shown that DWIA fitted the experimented data quite well, and theoretical results of inelastic cross sections at higher energies are predicted.     

用高能核子非弹性散射研究核力有效势

本文用扭曲波玻恩近似法及多体高能近似法,处理了原子核对高能核子的非弹性散射现象。在具有可靠的靶核激发态波函数的情况下,可利用这些理论处理方法研究核内两核子间的有效势,本文具体就碳核对185MeV入射核子的非弹性散射进行了计算。在计算中利用了粒子-空穴模型核波函数。在采用了具有各种交换性质并包含自旋轨道耦合项的有效势后,用一组合理的位阱参数,由多体高能近似法计算的理论值可与几个微分截面及极化实验曲线同时符合。     

Coupled-channels calculations of intermediate energy π−C inelastic scattering and charge exchange

Coupled-channels calculations have been carried out for pion inelastic scattering and charge exchange on 1p-shell nuclei at pion energies between 120 and 226 MeV. A momentum space technique is used, with the 1p-shell shell-model wavefunctions of Cohen and Kurath. Results are presented here for A=13. Channel-coupling effects are negligible in the strong 3/2^- and 5/2^- inelastic excitations of ¹³C, but enhance the analog charge-exchange cross sections by 7 to 20%.     

Analisis of inelastic scattering of π-mesons from nuclei within the microscopic optical potential

Cross sections of inelastic scattering of π-mesons from Si, Ni, and Pb nuclei at energy T _lab = 291 MeV are calculated using the distorted wave approximation. The microscopic direct and transition optical potentials are determined by specifying the pion-nucleon scattering amplitude and the nuclear density distribution, where we use the in-medium πN amplitude parameters obtained earlier by analyzing the elastic scattering data for the same nuclei. The cross sections are calculated on the basis of the relativistic wave equation. The deformation parameters of the nuclei are obtained by comparing inelastic scattering cross sections with the appropriate experimental data.     

Studying the reactions of deuteron interaction with <Superscript>9</Superscript>Be nuclei at low energies

Data on elastic and inelastic scattering, and the reactions of few-nucleon transfers in the interaction between the nuclei of deuteron and ⁹Be at energies of around 10 MeV/nucleon, are analyzed. A theoretical analysis is performed using the double-folding potential model with the wave function of the ground state of the ⁹Be nucleus, constructed in the three-cluster α + α + n-approximation. Calculations of the cross section of elastic scattering for the reaction d + ⁹Be using the calculated folding potential are preformed using the optical model. The resulting optical potential is used to analyze cross sections of transfer reactions and inelastic scattering in the context of the distorted waves method. A comparative analysis of the experimental data and theoretical calculations is performed.     

Possible mesonic effects on inelastic proton scattering to the 10.24 MeV 1+ state in 48Ca

Differential cross sections and analyzing powers were measured for inelastic scattering of 160 MeV protons to the ⁴⁸Ca 10.24 MeV, 1⁺ state. DWIA calculations with shell-model wave functions which fit inelastic electron scattering form factors predict too much cross section at small q and too little at large q for inelastic proton scattering. These results are consistent with the q-dependent modification of magnetic transitions anticipated from mesonic effects such as virtual Δ(1232)-hole excitations.     

The elastic and inelastic scattering of 30.5 MeV protons by24Mg

Measurements of the differential cross sections for the elastic scattering of 30.5 MeV protons by ²⁴Mg and for the inelastic scattering to the 1.37, sum of 4.12 and 4.23, 5.22 and 6.0 MeV states are reported. Optical model fits to the elastic data, a distorted wave calculation for the first excited state, and coupled channel calculations are also presented.