高压下NH_4ClO_4结构、电子及弹性性质的第一性原理研究

研究高压下NH_4ClO_4的结构和性质对于NH_4ClO_4在固体推进剂和炸药的安全应用具有重要意义.采用基于色散校正密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了0—15 GPa静水压力下NH_4ClO_4的晶体结构、分子结构、电子性质和弹性性质,计算结果与实验值具有较好的一致性.在压强为1,4和9 GPa时,NH_4ClO_4的晶体参数、键长和分子构型等均出现不连续变化,说明了在压强作用下结构发生变化.随着压强增加,氢键增多且作用增强,由分子内氢键向分子内和分子间的氢键转变;导带态密度峰值增加,电子局域性增强,晶体内N-H和Cl-O共价键作用增强,带隙增大,不同相变区域内带隙呈线性关系.0—15 GPa条件下NH_4ClO_4的弹性常数满足力学稳定性标准,采用Voigt-Reuss-Hill方法计算了体积模量B,剪切模量G和杨氏模量E,根据Cauchy压力和B/G值,说明NH_4ClO_4属于韧性材料,随着压强增加韧性增强.     

Prediction of Pressure-Induced Structural Transition and Mechanical Properties of Mg Y from First-Principles Calculations

Using the particle swarm optimization algorithm on crystal structure prediction,we first predict that Mg Y alloy undergoes a first-order phase transition from Cs Cl phase to P4/NMM phase at about 55 GPa with a small volume collapse of 2.63%.The dynamical stability of P4/NMM phase at 55 GPa is evaluated by the phonon spectrum calculation and the electronic structure is discussed.The elastic constants are calculated,after which the bulk moduli,shear moduli,Young's modui,and Debye temperature are derived.The brittleness/ductile behavior,and anisotropy of two phases under pressure are discussed in details.Our results show that external pressure can change the brittle behavior to ductile at10 GPa for Cs Cl phase and improve the ductility of Mg Y alloy.As pressure increases,the elastic anisotropy in shear of Cs Cl phase decreases,while that of P4/NMM phase remains nearly constant.The elastic anisotropic constructions of the directional dependences of reciprocals of bulk modulus and Young's modulus are also calculated and discussed.     

Structural,elastic, electronic,and thermodynamic properties of MgAgSb investigated by density functional theory

The structural, elastic, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of thermoelectric material Mg Ag Sb in γ, β, α phases are studied with first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The optimized lattice constants accord well with the experimental data. According to the calculated total energy of the three phases, the phase transition order is determined from α to γ phase with cooling, which is in agreement with the experimental result. The physical properties such as elastic constants, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and anisotropy factor are also discussed and analyzed, which indicates that the three structures are mechanically stable and each has a ductile feature. The Debye temperature is deduced from the elastic properties. The total density of states(TDOS) and partial density of states(PDOS) of the three phases are investigated. The TDOS results show that the γ phase is most stable with a pseudogap near the Fermi level, and the PDOS analysis indicates that the conduction band of the three phases is composed mostly of Mg-3s,Ag-4d, and Sb-5p. In addition, the changes of the free energy, entropy, specific heat, thermal expansion of γ-MgAgSb with temperature are obtained successfully. The obtained results above are important parameters for further experimental and theoretical tuning of doped MgAgSb as a thermoelectric material at high temperature.     

NbSi2奇异高压相及其热力学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于粒子群优化算法的结构预测程序CALYPSO, 并结合第一性原理的VASP程序, 在175 GPa发现NbSi₂的奇异立方高压相. 在此结构中, Nb原子形成金刚石结构, 而Si原子则形成正四面体镶嵌在金刚石结构中. 声子谱计算结果表明该结构是动力学稳定的. 电子结构分析表明, 六角相和立方相NbSi₂均为金属, 对金属性贡献较大的是Nb原子, 而且Nb和Si原子之间存在明显的p-d杂化现象, 电荷更多地聚集在Si四面体中. 利用“应力应变”方法, 计算了NbSi₂的弹性常数, 分析了其体积模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量和德拜温度等热动力学性质随压力的变化并进行了详细的讨论. 根据剪切模量和体积模量的比值分析了NbSi₂两种相结构的脆性和延展性, 发现压力会导致六角相NbSi₂的延展性增加, 但对立方相结构的延展性影响较小; 采用经验算法计算了NbSi₂两种相结构硬度变化情况, 结合这一比值进行了详细的分析. 弹性各向异性计算结果表明, 随着压力增加, 六角结构的各向异性增强, 而立方结构的各向异性减小.     

First-principles calculations of structural stability and mechanical properties of tungsten carbide under high pressure

The structural stability and mechanical properties of WC in WC-, MoC- and NaCl-type structures under high pressure are investigated systematically by first-principles calculations. The calculated equilibrium lattice constants at zero pressure agree well with available experimental and theoretical results. The formation enthalpy indicates that the most stable WC is in WC-type, then MoC-type finally NaCl-type. By the elastic stability criteria, it is predicted that the three structures are all mechanically stable. The elastic constants C_ij, bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, Young?s modulus E and Poisson?s ratio ν of the three structures are studied in the pressure range from 0 to 100 GPa. Furthermore, by analyzing the B/G ratio, the brittle/ductile behavior under high pressure is assessed. Moreover, the elastic anisotropy of the three structures up to 100 GPa is also discussed in detail.     

Ab initio predicted elastic and thermodynamic properties of Imm2-BN under high pressure

The structural parameters, elastic constants, thermodynamic properties of Imm2-BN under high pressure were calculated via the density functional theory in combination with quasi-harmonic Debye approach. The results showed that the pressure has the significant effect on the equilibrium lattice parameters, elastic and thermodynamic properties of Imm2-BN. The obtained ground state structural parameters are in good agreement with previous theoretical results. The elastic constants, elastic modulus, and elastic anisotropy were determined in the pressure range of 0–90?GPa. Furthermore, by analyzing the B/G ratio, the brittle/ductile behavior under high pressure is evaluated and the elastic anisotropy of the Imm2-BN up to 90?GPa is studied in detail. Moreover, the pressure and temperature dependence of thermal expansion coefficient, heat capacity, Debye temperature, and Grüneisen parameter are predicted in a wide pressure (0–90?GPa) and temperature (0–1600?K) ranges. The obtained results are expected to provide helpful guidance for the future synthesis and application of Imm2-BN.     

高压下Ti_2AlX(X=C,N)的结构、力学性能及热力学性质

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,计算研究了压力对Ti_2AlC与Ti_2AlN结构、力学性能的影响.研究发现压力的增大会使体系的体积比降低,Ti_2AlC压缩性较Ti_2AlN好.力学性能研究发现,压力的增大使材料抵抗变形能力增强,体系的延展性有了很大的提升,当压力超过40 GPa后,Ti_2AlC与Ti_2AlN从脆性材料转变为延性材料,体模量与剪切模量的比值达到1.75,延展性有了很大的提升.通过准谐德拜模型,分析了压力与温度对Ti_2AlC与Ti_2AlN体模量、热容及热膨胀系数的影响.结果表明,随着温度的升高,Ti_2AlN与Ti_2AlC的体模量下降.定容热容与定压热容的变化趋势相同,但在高温下,定容热容遵循Dulong-Petit极限,温度对热容的影响效果较压力明显.温度与压力对Ti_2AlN与Ti_2AlC线膨胀系数的影响主要发生在低温区域.     

ZrV2结构、弹性和热力学性质的第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波赝势方法研究ZrV₂的晶体结构和弹性,利用准谐Debye模型计算在不同温度(T=0~1200 K)和不同压强(P=0~20 GPa)下ZrV₂的热力学性质,包括弹性模量与压强,热熔与温度,以及热膨胀系数与温度和压力的关系.结果表明:计算的ZrV₂晶格常数与实验值符合较好,晶体材料的弹性常数随着压力增加而增加;在一定温度下,相对体积、热熔随着压强的增加而减小,德拜温度、弹性模量随着压强的增加而增加,且高压下温度对ZrV₂热膨胀系数的影响小于压强的影响.     

First-principles investigations on structural,elastic, electronic properties and Debye temperature of orthorhombic Ni3Ta under pressure

The structural, elastic, electronic properties and Debye temperature of Ni₃Ta under different pressures are investigated using the first-principles method based on density functional theory. Our calculated equilibrium lattice parameters at 0 GPa well agree with the experimental and previous theoretical results. The calculated negative formation enthalpies and elastic constants both indicate that Ni₃Ta is stable under different pressures. The bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, Young’s modulus E and Poisson’s ratio ν are calculated by the Voigt–Reuss–Hill method. The bigger ratio of B/G indicates Ni₃Ta is ductile and the pressure can improve the ductility of Ni₃Ta. In addition, the results of density of states and the charge density difference show that the stability of Ni₃Ta is improved by the increasing pressure. The Debye temperature Θ _D calculated from elastic modulus increases along with the pressure.     

高压下硫化钙的弹性和热力学性质的第一性原理计算

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波赝势方法结合准谐德拜模型研究NaCl结构的CaS在高压下的弹性和热力学性质.计算得到的零温零压下的晶格常数、体弹模量与实验值符合得很好.弹性常数和弹性模量随着压强的增大而增大.压强对体弹模量和热膨胀系数的影响大于温度的影响.热容随压强的升高而降低,在高温下热容接近于Dulong-Petit极限.通过求解Gibbs自由能计算得到B1结构和B2结构CaS的相变压为36.61 GPa.     

Structural and elastic properties of LaTiO3 under pressure

We investigate the structural and elastic properties of LaTiO₃ by the plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory method. The lattice constants, bulk modulus and its pressure derivative are obtained. These properties in the equilibrium phase are well consistent with the available experimental data. The pressure dependence of the elastic constants, ductility, mechanical stabilities, sound velocity and Debye temperatures are investigated for the first time. From the ratio G/B, we conclude that LaTiO₃ is ductile at 0 GPa and becomes more ductile at high pressure. In addition, the anisotropy factors for every symmetry plane and axis as well as linear bulk modulus at diverse pressures have been obtained.     

钝感高能炸药三氨基三硝基苯高温高压下热力学性质的分子动力学模拟研究

热力学性质是钝感高能炸药1, 3, 5-三氨基-2, 4, 6-三硝基苯(TATB)爆轰性质和安全性评估分析的重要参数. 由于结构的复杂性, TATB炸药尚缺乏系统的实验和理论计算结果. 结合全原子力场和分子动力学的方法, 本文系统研究了不同温度和压力条件下TATB的力学性质和热力学参数, 得到了弹性模量、德拜温度等随温度、压力的变化情况, 并与实验进行了对比分析. 结果表明: 在 0-50 GPa外部压力下, TATB晶体保持力学稳定, 弹性常数和弹性模量随压力升高而增大, 各向异性程度随压力升高而减小, 泊松比和延展性则受压力的影响较小; 随温度的升高, TATB的力学稳定性逐渐下降, 有发生力学失稳的可能, 各弹性常数随温度升高而逐渐减小, 各向异性程度也随之减小; TATB 的声速和德拜温度同样随着压力升高而增大, 平均声速从0 GPa下的1833 m/s, 增加到10 GPa 下的3143 m/s, 德拜温度由0 GPa下的254 K增加到10 GPa的587 K. TATB 热膨胀系数的计算表明, 在200-500 K 温度常压情况下, 其体热膨胀系数为35.9×10^-5 K^-1, 与实验数据符合较好.     

Elastic,Piezoelectric and Acoustic Properties of Wurtzite MnO from Density Functional Calculation

The wurtzite MnO has been obtained lately and is expected to have large potential in varies applications.Since elastic properties are the bases of various applications, we calculate these properties of wurtzite MnO based on the density-functional theory and compare it with other two phases of MnO (rocksalt and zinc-blende MnO). The Young's modulus of wurtzite and zinc-blende MnO are 65.6 GPa and 73.4 GPa, respectively, which are much lower than those of rocksalt MnO (177.6 GPa). More importantly, both the Poisson ratio and the bulk modulus to shear modulus ratio indicate that wurtzite MnO should have much better ductile properties than rocksalt MnO. The calculated piezoelectric constants of wurtzite MnO are comparable to those of ZnO. This suggests wurtzite MnO is a good piezoelectric material.Furthermore, the slowness surfaces of acoustic waves of them are given from Christoffel equation.     

IrB和IrB$lt;sub$gt;2$lt;/sub$gt;力学性质的第一性原理计算

采用平面波赝势密度泛函理论对0–100 GPa静水压下P₁ -IrB（空间群Pnma）和P₅ -IrB₂（空间群Pmmn）结构的平衡态晶格常数、弹性常数等性质进行了研究. 研究结果表明,P₁ -IrB不可压缩性随着压强的增加而增强;P₅ -IrB₂ 结构在0–100 GPa范围内弹性常数、体弹模量、剪切模量均呈现出有规律的变化,当所加压强为50 GPa时,杨氏模量和在b方向的晶格常数发生异常变化. 对零压下P₁ -IrB和P₅ -IrB₂ 的电子结构的研究发现,二者均没有一个明显的带隙,主要原因为Ir原子和B原子间的共价作用. 从P₁ -IrB和P₅ -IrB₂的能带结构和态密度图可以发现这两种结构均有金属性. 关键词： 1 -IrB')" href="#">P₁ -IrB 5-IrB₂')" href="#">P₅-IrB₂ 第一性原理 力学性质     

Structural,electronic and mechanical properties of alkaline earth metal oxides MO (M=Be,Mg, Ca,Sr, Ba)

The structural, electronic and mechanical properties of alkaline earth metal oxides MO (M=Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) in the cubic (B1, B2 and B3) phases and in the wurtzite (B4) phase are investigated using density functional theory calculations as implemented in VASP code. The lattice constants, cohesive energy, bulk modulus, band structures and the density of states are computed. The calculated lattice parameters are in good agreement with the experimental and the other available theoretical results. Electronic structure reveals that all the five alkaline earth metal oxides exhibit semiconducting behavior at zero pressure. The estimated band gaps for the stable wurtzite phase of BeO is 7.2 eV and for the stable cubic NaCl phases of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO are 4.436 eV, 4.166 eV, 4.013 eV, and 2.274 eV respectively. A pressure induced structural phase transition occurs from wurtzite (B4) to NaCl (B1) phase in BeO at 112.1 GPa and from NaCl (B1) to CsCl (B2) phase in MgO at 514.9 GPa, in CaO at 61.3 GPa, in SrO at 42 GPa and in BaO at 14.5 GPa. The elastic constants are computed at zero and elevated pressures for the B4 and B1 phases for BeO and for the B1 and B2 phases in the case of the other oxides in order to investigate their mechanical stability, anisotropy and hardness. The sound velocities and the Debye temperatures are calculated for all the oxides using the computed elastic constants.     

Novel structures and mechanical properties of Zr2N:Ab initio description under high pressures

With the formation of structural vacancies,zirconium nitrides(key materials for cutting coatings,super wearresistance,and thermal barrier coatings) display a variety of compositions and phases featuring both cation and nitrogen enrichment.This study presents a systematic exploration of the stable crystal structures of zirconium heminitride combining the evolutionary algorithm method and ab initio density functional theory calculations at pressures of 0 GPa,30 GPa,60 GPa,90 GPa,120 GPa,150 GPa,and 200 GPa.In addition to the previously proposed phases P42/mnm-,Pnnn-,and Cmcm-Zr2 N,five new high-pressure Zr₂N phases of PA/nmm,IA/mcm,P2₁/m,P3 m1,and C2/m are discovered.An enthalpy study of these candidate configurations reveals various structural phase transformations of Zr2 N under pressure.By calculating the elastic constants and phonon dispersion,the mechanical and dynamical stabilities of all predicted structures are examined at ambient and high pressures.To understand the structure-property relationships,the mechanical properties of all Zr₂N compounds are investigated,including the elastic moduli,Vickers hardness,and directional dependence of Young’s modulus.The Cmncm-Zr2 N phase is found to belong to the brittle materials and has the highest Vickers hardness(12.9 GPa) among all candidate phases,while the I4/mcm-Zr2 N phase is the most ductile and has the lowest Vickers hardness(2.1 GPa).Furthermore,the electronic mechanism underlying the diverse mechanical behaviors of Zr2 N structures is discussed by analyzing the partial density of states.     

高压下RhB的相变、弹性性质、电子结构及硬度的第一性原理计算

采用密度泛函理论中的赝势平面波方法系统地研究了高压下RhB的结构相变、弹性性质、电子结构和硬度.分析表明,RhB在25.3 GPa时从anti-NiAs结构相变到FeB结构,这两种结构的弹性常数、体弹模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量和弹性各向异性因子的外压力效应明显.电子态密度的计算结果显示,这两种结构是金属性的,且费米能级附近的峰随着压强的增大向两侧移动,赝能隙变宽,轨道杂化增强,共价性增强,非局域化更加明显.此外,硬度计算结果显示,anti-NiAs-RhB的金属性比较弱,有着较高的硬度,属于硬质材料.     

Structural,mechanical and thermal properties of some Holmium Pnictides under pressure: A theoretical approach

The high pressure structural, elastic and thermal properties of holmium pnictides HoX (X=N, P, As and Bi) were investigated theoretically by using an inter-ionic potential theory with modified ionic charge parameter. We have predicted a structural phase transition from NaCl (B₁) to CsCl (B₂)-type structure at pressure of 139 GPa for HoN, 52 GPa for HoP, 44 GPa for HoAs and 26 GPa for HoBi. Other properties, such as lattice constant, bulk modulus, cohesive energy, second and third-order elastic constants were calculated and compared with the available experimental and theoretical data. In order to gain further information the brittle behaviour of these compounds was observed. Some other properties like Shear modulus (G), Young's modulus (E), Poisson's ratio (ν), anisotropy factor (A), sound velocities, Debye temperature (θ_D) were calculated. The variation of elastic constants (C₁₁ and C₄₄) and Debye temperature (θ_D) with pressure was also presented.     

First-principles study of elastic and electronic properties of layered ternary nitride SrZrN2 under pressure

The structural, elastic, and electronic properties of SrZrN₂ under pressure up to 100?GPa have been carried out with first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The calculated lattice parameters at 0?GPa and 0?K by using the GGA-PW91-ultrasoft method are in good agreement with the available experimental data and other previous theoretical calculations. The pressure dependence of the elastic constants and the elastic-dependent properties of SrZrN₂, such as bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, Young's modulus E, Debye temperature Θ, shear and longitudinal wave velocity V_S and V_L, are also successfully obtained. It is found that all elastic constants increase monotonically with pressure. When the pressure increases up to 140?GPa, the obtained elastic constants do not satisfy the mechanical stability criteria and a phase transition might has occurred. Moreover, the anisotropy of the directional-dependent Young's modulus and the linear compressibility under different pressures are analysed for the first time. Finally, the pressure dependence of the total and partial densities of states and the bonding property of SrZrN₂ are also investigated.     

Structural,elastic, thermodynamic and electronic properties of LuX (X = N,Bi and Sb) compounds: first principles calculations

ABSTRACT

The structural, electronic, elastic and thermodynamic properties of LuX (X = N, Bi and Sb) based on rare earth into phases, Rocksalt (B1) and CsCl (B2) have been investigated using full-potential linearized muffin-tin orbital method (FP-LMTO) within density functional theory. Local density approximation (LDA) for exchange-correlation potential and local spin density approximation (LSDA) are employed. The structural parameters as lattice parameters a₀, bulk modulus B, its pressure derivate B’ and cut-off energy (E_c) within LDA and LSDA are presented. The elastic constants were derived from the stress–strain relation at 0 K. The thermodynamic properties for LuX using the quasi-harmonic Debye model are studied. The temperature and pressure variation of volume, bulk modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, heat capacities, Debye temperature and Gibbs free energy at different pressures (0–50 GPa) and temperatures (0–1600 K) are predicted. The calculated results are in accordance with other data.