电光调制器低频控制对受残余幅度调制影响的频率调制光谱线型优化研究

频率调制(FM)光谱技术中由于激光偏振态变化产生的残余幅度调制(RAM)使其在微量气体检测中的应用受到极大的限制。理论上详细分析了这一过程产生的原因,获得了存在RAM时FM光谱线型的表达式,同时给出N.C.Wong和J.L.Hall(W-H)方案抑制RAM后的FM光谱线型表达式;在实验上通过对乙炔气体的测量获得了存在RAM时的光谱线型,同时采用W-H方案对RAM进行了抑制,并获得了优化的光谱线型;最后基于理论结果对实验线型进行了拟合,两者差值小于信号峰峰值的4%。     

幅度调制信息对乐器识别的影响

通过乐器音自动识别实验研究了幅度调制(amplitude modulation,AM)信息对于人类乐器识别的影响。具体步骤为:依据听觉模型,提取乐器音信号中若干频带中的AM信息,再基于所得到的AM信息计算统计学特征,采用逐对比较的支持向量机法进行乐器音的机器识别。采用了5种分频带数目(2,4,8,16和32)和4种AM计算方法。结果表明,频带数的增加有助于识别效果的提高,但从16频带到32频带效果趋近平稳;不同的AM提取方法也会对识别结果产生影响,其中解析信号法产生的AM信息提供了最好的乐器识别效果。分析发现自动识别结果高于采用相似的AM信息的人类识别结果。该自动识别系统为人工耳蜗或声码器仿真声模型的乐器识别提供了一个计算模型,对人工耳蜗乐器识别实验和训练具有参考价值。     

穿透型V形坑对GaN基p-i-n结构紫外探测器反向漏电的影响

研究了GaN基p-i-n（p-AlGaN/i-GaN/n-GaN）结构紫外探测器的漏电机理．实验发现,在位错密度几乎相同的情况下,基于表面有较高密度的V形坑缺陷材料制备的器件表现出较高的反向漏电．进一步的SEM测试发现,这种V形坑穿透到有源区i-GaN、甚至n-GaN层．在制备p-AlGaN电极时,许多金属会落在V形坑中,从而与i-GaN形成了肖特基接触,有些甚至直接和n-GaN形成欧姆接触．正是由于并联的肖特基接触和欧姆接触的存在导致了漏电的增加． 关键词： GaN 紫外探测器 V形坑 反向漏电     

V形坑尺寸对硅衬底InGaN/AlGaN近紫外LED光电性能的影响

使用MOCVD在图形化Si衬底上生长了InGaN/AlGaN近紫外LED,通过改变低温GaN插入层的厚度调控V形坑尺寸,系统地研究了V形坑尺寸对InGaN/AlGaN近紫外LED(395 nm)光电性能的影响。结果表明,低温GaN插入层促进了V形坑的形成,并且V形坑尺寸随着插入层厚度的增加而增大。在电学性能方面,随着V形坑尺寸的增大,-5 V下的漏电流从5.2×10~(-4)μA增加至6.5×10~2μA;350 mA下正向电压先从3.55 V降至3.44 V,然后升高至3.60 V。在光学性能方面,随着V形坑尺寸的增大,35 A/cm~2下的归一化外量子效率先从0.07提高至最大值1,然后衰退至0.53。对V形坑尺寸影响InGaN/AlGaN近紫外LED光电性能的物理机理进行了分析,结果表明:InGaN/AlGaN近紫外LED的光电性能与V形坑尺寸密切相关,最佳的V形坑尺寸为120~190 nm,尺寸太大或者太小都会降低器件性能。     

量子阱结构对含V形坑InGaN/GaN蓝光LED效率衰减的影响

使用MOCVD在图形化Si衬底上生长了含V形坑的InGaN/GaN蓝光LED。通过改变生长温度,生长了禁带宽度稍大的载流子限制阱和禁带宽度稍小的发光阱,研究了两类量子阱组合对含V形坑InG aN/GaN基蓝光LED效率衰减的影响。使用高分辨率X射线衍射仪和LED电致发光测试系统对LED外延结构和LED光电性能进行了表征。结果表明:限制阱靠近n层、发光阱靠近p层的新型量子阱结构,在室温75 A/cm~2时的外量子效率相对于其最高点仅衰减12.7%,明显优于其他量子阱结构的16.3%、16.0%、28.4%效率衰减,且只有这种结构在低温时(T≤150 K)未出现内量子效率随电流增大而剧烈衰减的现象。结果表明,合理的量子阱结构设计能够显著提高电子空穴在含V形坑量子阱中的有效交叠,促进载流子在阱间交互,提高载流子匹配度,抑制电子泄漏,从而减缓效率衰减、提升器件光电性能。     

影响宽带幅度调制信号检测的因素分析

通过推导宽带解调处理的输出信噪比公式,系统地分析了影响幅度调制的宽带信号检测的各种因素。分析表明,宽带调制信号检测性能取决于以下因素:信号的周期调制的深度、前置处理器带通滤波器的带宽、调制噪声在总的噪声中的比重、采样速率,以及计算解调谱时的傅里叶变换的长度、降样倍数、时间窗、数据块重叠程度以及平均次数。     

光折变晶体中高速调制光简并四波混频特性的研究

本文对光折变晶体中高速调制光简并四波混频过程的特性进行了理论分析、给出了在Ce:SBN晶体中进行的实验结果;并指出,光折变晶体中的简并四波混频可应用于消空间畸变的时域编码通信和双向时域信息的传输、放大。     

Measurement of eye-penalty based on the clock amplitude of transmitted signal

We investigate the relationship between the eye-penalty and the clock amplitude of the transmission signal. The simulation results for return-to-zero (RZ) signals show a good correspondence between the clock amplitude and the eye-penalty. For a non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signal, however, the correspondence between them is satisfied within the reasonable range of the transmission distance. Thus, we can monitor the eye-penalty by measuring the clock amplitude of the transmission signal. The proposed scheme may provide a cost-effective monitoring of the chromatic dispersion-induced signal distortion in optical transmission systems and networks.     

基于频域幅度谱数据重建电磁脉冲时域波形

由频域幅度谱数据重建时域脉冲波形,是电磁脉冲效应及传感器标定研究中经常遇到的问题。根据最小相位原理,利用倒谱技术,编程实现了从频域幅度谱数据构造相位信息,进而反演时域脉冲响应波形。对几类函数波形和一组实测高空核爆电磁脉冲(HEMP)波形的验证结果表明,HEMP波形、余(正)弦阻尼振荡波形等信号的重建波形与原始波形符合很好。对于非最小相位信号,重建波形的前(后)沿、峰值等细节参数有一定差别,但也能给出一些波形、累积能量、幅值量级等方面的标志信息。     

Analysis of the ir absorption profile of hydrargillite in the region of the valent vibrations of hydroxyl groups

An analysis of the complex absorption profile of hydrargillite in the region of stretching vibrations of the OH bond has been performed with the use of the method of direct fitting of the second-derivative curve. The observed profile is shown to contain an intense broad absorption band masked by eight mutually overlapping relatively narrow bands of structural OH groups of aluminum trihydroxide. The revealed broad absorption band is apparently due to the stretching vibrations of water molecules localized in the trihydroxide structure and the stretching vibrations of structural OH groups interacting with them via the hydrogen bond. An estimation of the basic spectral characteristics of the absorption bands forming the complex profile has been performed. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spekroskopii, Vol. 67, No. 3, pp. 306–311, May–June, 2000.     

波片光轴偏差对偏振分光光束振幅和相位的影响研究

研究了在线偏振光入射、波片和偏振分束器结合使用时波片光轴偏差对偏振分束器分出的两束光的振幅和相位的影响。给出了在两种放置情况下,任意波片光轴方向偏差对偏振分光光束振幅和相位影响的表达式。详细分析了1/4波片和1/8波片的影响性质,给出了具体的振幅和相位影响关系式。     

Study of the influence of processing baths on the modulation profile of volume holographic gratings

Over the last 20 years, dichromated gelatin has been considered to be the best holographic recording material. However, the non-reproducibility of results in relation to light sensitivity, for a large number of experimental factors, restricted the use of this material. In this work, we consider the refractive index modulation profile and its stability. We propose a mixed method using Kogelnik's coupled wave theory (an approximate theory) and an alternative theory of diffraction in modulated media (an exact theory). The aim of this contribution is to use this mixed method in order to study the evolution of the modulation profile in correlation with the modification of the chemical environment during the final stage of processing. In our study we compare the effect of different kinds of final processing baths on the refractive index modulation profile. In order to characterize our holograms we have developed an experimental set-up for diffractive elements analysis. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical ones. For the numerical study we have carried out a complete set of numerical computations by using our own programs. These programs are based on a complete and exact solution of the Maxwell equations.     

基于分光计的光栅光谱特性研究

在分光计上,观察并测试了不同光栅常数的光栅在汞光源下的光谱,探究光栅的分辨能力与光栅常数之间的关系。实验结果表明,在光栅有效使用宽度一定的情况下,随着光栅常数的减小,光栅的色分辨本领R和角色散率D都大幅提高,光栅的分辨能力提高。因此,在技术许可的条件下,减少光栅常数d是提高光栅色分辨本领的有效措施,这对光栅的制作和选用以及相关领域的发展具有较好的指导作用。     

Analysis of Optical Disk Readout Signal Deterioration Caused by Dust on the Substrate

A noise power spectrum estimation method is presented for optical disk readout signal influenced by dust on the substrate. The noise due to dust has been modeled using geometrical optics and assuming the Poisson distribution for the dust particles. The noise power spectrum consists of two components: one comes from the effect of individual dust particles passing across the light beam, and the other comes from the effect of overlapping area of a particle and the inverted image of another particle. The feasibility of a thin-substrate optical disk was studied using this model. Dust will not have a serious effect on the readout signal when a 0.6 mm-thick substrate is used in place of the conventional 1.2 mm-thick substrate.     

土壤温度对光纤预警系统中振动信号的影响

开展了光纤预警系统在实时监控振动信号时受到土壤温度影响的理论分析和实验研究。以基于后向瑞利散射的分布式光纤传感系统为基础,土壤振动分析采用弹性半空间理论,并与光纤传感理论相结合,解释了温度对光纤预警系统中土壤振动信号的影响,建立并分析了理论模型。通过对1.2km光纤预警系统的现场实验,采集了在温度改变时土壤振动信号的变化。实验表明,土壤振动信号的峰值光功率随温度上升增大,说明了光纤预警系统中的振动信号会受土壤环境的影响。