用多粒子态进行量子信息分配

我们提出一个用五粒子态将量子信息分裂成几部分的方案.在这个过程中,如果有且只有接受者相互合作才能重建初始比特的态.我们所用的量子通道是Bell态和三比特GHZ态的组合态,这些态在实验上都是很容易制备的.这个方案对某些窃听攻击来说是安全的.而且,它还可以用来实现控制的量子隐形传态.     

Evolution of a two-mode squeezed vacuum for amplitude decay via continuous-variable entangled state approach

Extending the recent work completed by Fan et al. [Front. Phys. 9(1), 74 (2014)] to a two-mode case, we investigate how a two-mode squeezed vacuum evolves when it undergoes a two-mode amplitude dissipative channel, with the same decay rate κ, using the continuous-variable entangled state approach. Our analytical results show that the initial pure-squeezed vacuum state evolves into a definite mixed state with entanglement and squeezing, decaying over time as a result of amplitude decay. We also investigate the time evolutions of the photon number distribution, the Wigner function, and the optical tomogram in this channel. Our results indicate that the evolved photon number distribution is related to Jacobi polynomials, the Wigner function has a standard Gaussian distribution (corresponding to the vacuum) at long periods, losing its nonclassicality due to amplitude decay, and a larger squeezing leads to a longer decay time.     

A scheme for approximate conditional teleportation of entangled two-mode cavity state without Bell state measurement

An alternative scheme to approximately conditionally teleport entangled two-mode cavity state without Bell state measurement in cavity QED is proposed. The scheme is based on the resonant interaction of a ladder-type three-level atom with two bimodal cavities. The entangled cavity state is reconstructed with only one atom interacting with the two cavities successively.     

Smart generation of a tripartite GHZ-type state for coherent state qubit

This work describes how to implement probabilistically the entangled state (∣0 0 0〉 + ∣0 1 1〉 + ∣1 0 1〉 + ∣1 1 0〉)/2, for coherent state qubit, using only linear optics and measurements. Its creation is proposed firstly using an ideal lossless setup and secondly considering the decoherence caused by losses in the optical devices. The advantage of our scheme is the absence of single-qubit gates, photons counters and quantum teleportation, resources that are common in coherent state quantum information processing.     

A Method for Measuring the Three-Dimensional Refractive-Index Distribution of Single Cells Using Proximal Two-Beam Optical Tweezers and a Phase-Shifting Mach—Zehnder Interferometer

This paper describes a method for measuring the three-dimensional (3D) refractive-index distribution in a single cell. The method can be used to observe the distribution of cell components without fluorescence staining. The two-dimensional optical path length distributions from multiple directions are obtained by non-contact rotation of the cell. These optical path lengths are converted into the line integrals of the refractive index, and the 3D refractive-index distribution is reconstructed by means of computed tomography. The refractive-index distribution in a breast cancer cell can be measured using a phase-shifting Mach—Zehnder interferometer in conjunction with proximal two-beam optical tweezers.     

非对称DBR-金属-DBR结构的光学Tamm态理论研究

作为一种特殊的金属表面态, 光学Tamm态 (OTS) 对光的控制和操作具有独到优势, 在新一代光子器件设计中备受青睐. 本文基于分布式Bragg反射镜(DBR)-金属-DBR(DMD)结构, 通过金属两侧 DBR中心频率的失配引入不对称机制, 设计和控制可见光区域OTS的产生; 通过分析反射谱及电场分布特性, 揭示了金属两侧OTS的相互作用及变化规律. 结果表明: DMD结构可支持两个不同本征波长OTS 存在, 失配量δ将影响两个OTS的强度及本征波长, 即随着δ变化OTS 出现上下两个分支; 同时, 入射光的偏振态、入射角等也对OTS的强度及本征波长具有明显影响. 关键词： 金属表面态 光学Tamm态 分布式Bragg反射镜     

Level-crossing-spectroscopy with additional optical pumping in the ground state

The level crossing-technique with additional optical pumping in the ground state is demonstrated in the case of the hyperfinestructure of the 6p ¹ P ₁ state of the two odd isotopes of Yb using a natural occuring isotopic mixture. The influences of the pumping process and of a buffer gas on the lc signal structure are discussed in terms of a modified Breit formula.     

Optical realization of optimal symmetric real state quantum cloning machine

We present an experimentally uniform linear optical scheme to implement the optimal 1→2 symmetric and optimal 1→3 symmetric economical real state quantum cloning machine of the polarization state of the single photon. This scheme requires single-photon sources and two-photon polarization entangled state as input states. It also involves linear optical elements and three-photon coincidence. Then we consider the realistic realization of the scheme by using the parametric down-conversion as photon resources. It is shown that under certain condition, the scheme is feasible by current experimental technology.     

铷原子D1线真空压缩光场的产生及态重构

碱金属原子是光量子存储的良好介质,与碱金属原子共振的非经典光场是量子信息处理的重要资源.本文采用周期极化磷酸氧钛晶体作为非线性介质,利用参量振荡过程产生了795 nm(铷原子D1线)的真空压缩光场.通过对平衡零拍探测系统的时域信号进行采集,得到压缩光场不同相位角下的噪声分布;利用极大似然估计法对压缩光场进行了态重构,得到了密度矩阵及相空间的Wigner函数.理论计算了真空压缩场的光子数分布和Wigner函数,并对理论计算结果和极大似然重构结果进行了分析和比较.     

Reversible state transfer between light and a single trapped atom

We demonstrate the reversible mapping of a coherent state of light with a mean photon number (-)n approximately equal to 1.1 to and from the hyperfine states of an atom trapped within the mode of a high-finesse optical cavity. The coherence of the basic processes is verified by mapping the atomic state back onto a field state in a way that depends on the phase of the original coherent state. Our experiment represents an important step toward the realization of cavity QED-based quantum networks, wherein coherent transfer of quantum states enables the distribution of quantum information across the network.     

Generation of a χ-type four-atom entangled state

This paper proposes a scheme to generate a new χ-type four-atom entangled state for the first time by using linear optics elements, four one-sided cavities (one three-level atom) and a conventional photon detector. The linear optical elements and conventional photon detector are simple and accessible in experiments, which makes the scheme more feasible with current technology. In addition, the state |χ⁰⁰₃₂₁₄ with probability 1 can be generated as long as there is no photon loss.     

Qutrit state engineering with biphotons

The novel experimental realization of three-level optical quantum systems is presented. We use the polarization state of biphotons to generate a specific sequence of states that are used in the extended version of four-state QKD protocol quantum key distribution protocol. We experimentally verify the orthogonality of the basic states and demonstrate the ability to easily switch between them. The tomography procedure is employed to reconstruct the density matrices of generated states.     

Optical state selection process with optical pumping in a cesium atomic fountain clock

We propose and realize a new optical state selection method on a cesium atomic fountain clock by applying a two-laser 3-3' optical pumping configuration to spin polarize atoms. The atoms are prepared in |F=3, m_F=0> clock state with optical pumping directly after being launched up, followed by a pushing beam to push away the atoms remaining in the |F=4> state. With a state selection efficiency exceeding 92%, this optical method can substitute the traditional microwave state selection, and helps to develop a more compact physical package. A Ramsey fringe has been achieved with this optical state selection method, and a contrast of 90% is obtained with a full width half maximum of 0.92 Hz. The short-term frequency stability of 6.8×10^-14 (τ/s)^-1/2 is acquired. In addition, the number of detected atoms is increased by a factor of 1.7 with the optical state selection.     

局域化电子态集体的荧光

载流子局域化对固体材料的光电性质有着深刻的影响.长期以来,人们就发现许多固体材料的发光异常行为与固体中电子态的局域化密切相关.文章介绍了作者最近所发展的一个局域态荧光模型.借助于一个新推导出来的局域化电子态的分布函数,文章作者发展出了该模型.该模型不但定量地解释了局域态集体荧光的温度依赖的异常现象,而且清晰地揭示了异常现象背后的载流子热动力学物理.文章还介绍了该模型在一些材料的荧光数据分析中的应用.     

Manipulating optical tamm state in one dimensional magnetophotonic crystal by anisotropic materials

Based on transfer matrix method a tunable optical tamm state is revealed in a one dimensional heterogeneous photonic crystal by using anisotropic materials with arbitrary optical axis. Such a tunable effect originates from the optical axis-dependent permittivity of the anisotropic materials, which leads to obvious changes in the dispersion relation and transmission spectrum. Our results provide a new pathway for engineering the tamm state and are attractive for tunable electro-optical devices.     

A combined transient and steady state approach for robust lifetime spectroscopy with micrometer resolution

We present the combination of two complementary micro‐photoluminescence spectroscopic techniques operating in transient and steady state condition, respectively. Introducing the time domain into the well‐established micro‐photoluminescence mapping approach operating under steady state conditions demonstrates a distinct improvement of the robustness and reliability in the determination of charge carrier lifetime measured with micrometer spatial resolution. Lifetimes from 50 ns to above ms are accessible. We elaborate a calibration procedure and apply the combined all‐photoluminescence setup to high‐performance multicrystalline silicon. A lifetime image obtained from the established photoluminescence imaging technique is reconstructed from the microscopic map by considering lateral diffusion and optical blurring, revealing a more detrimental influence of small angle grain boundaries as well as a higher lifetime within grains as may be deduced from the standard imaging technique. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Double-pass self-spectral-calibration of a polarization state analyzer

We present a new method that allows efficient spectral calibration for a polarization state analyzer. The procedure does not require any additional polarization optical element other than the polarization state analyzer itself. It uses a double-pass technique that can be achieved up to a very good precision. The method is illustrated using real measurements done at several wavelengths with a rotating wave plate polarization state analyzer. Alignment of axis as well as true retardation at a specific wavelength are easily obtained by a standard function fitting.     

薄膜硅的变隙问题及隙态分布

用电子束蒸发的方法制备可变光学带隙薄膜硅材料, 给出了研究结果. 介绍了一种做透过率曲线切线确定薄膜光学带隙的简易方法, 给出了制备工艺和条件, 以及各种材料的隙态分布图. 实验发现, 材料的光学带隙宽度不但与量子尺度效应有关, 而且与缺陷形成的势垒高度和宽度以及有序短程(原子串)长度有关; 给出了常规硅材料的光学带隙与原子串长度的关系. 计算表明, 随着原子串长度的加大, 势阱中的电子液面升高, 载流子受缺陷势垒的散射减弱; 在原子串长度较低的情况下, 电子液面不总是随着原子串长度升高, 而是有较大的涨落, 形成锯齿状波动.计算还发现, 在势垒宽度与原子串长度之比不变的情况下, 电子液面还与势垒高度有关. 关键词： 薄膜硅 可变光学带隙 隙态分布 电子液面涨落     

连续变量纠缠态光场在光纤中传输特性的实验研究

连续变量纠缠态由于其确定性产生、高效率的特点而被广泛应用于连续变量量子信息处理.在量子信息处理过程中纠缠态与量子信道发生相互作用而退相干,这是限制长距离量子信息发展的重要因素之一.光纤信道作为理想的量子信道,是目前连续变量量子信息研究关注的热点.本文利用Ⅱ类匹配的楔角极化磷酸氧钛钾晶体构成了三共振的非简并光学参量放大器,获得了8.3 dB的光通信波段1.5μm连续变量纠缠态光场.将产生的纠缠态光场注入单模光纤,其量子特性在传输距离达50 km后仍得到保持,纠缠度为0.21dB.该研究可为基于光纤的长距离连续变量量子信息研究提供有效的依据.     

Teleportation of an atomic ensemble quantum state

We propose a protocol to achieve high fidelity quantum state teleportation of a macroscopic atomic ensemble using a pair of quantum-correlated atomic ensembles. We show how to prepare this pair of ensembles using quasiperfect quantum state transfer processes between light and atoms. Our protocol relies on optical joint measurements of the atomic ensemble states and magnetic feedback reconstruction.