Observation of two-magnon bound states in the two-leg ladders of (Ca,La)(14)Cu(24)O(41)

Phonon-assisted two-magnon absorption is studied in the spin- 1/2 two-leg ladders of (Ca,La)(14)Cu(24)O(41) for E parallel c (legs) and E parallel a (rungs). We verify the theoretically predicted existence of two-magnon singlet bound states, which give rise to peaks at approximately equal to 2140 and 2800 cm(-1). The two-magnon continuum is observed at approximately equal to 4000 cm(-1). Two different theoretical approaches (Jordan-Wigner fermions and perturbation theory) describe the data very well for J parallel approximately equal to 1020-1100 cm(-1), J parallel/J perpendicular approximately equal to 1-1.2. At high energies, the magnetic contribution to sigma(omega) is strikingly similar in the ladders and in the undoped high-T(c) cuprates, which emphasizes the importance of strong quantum fluctuations in the latter.     

Scaling microsecond-conduction-time plasma opening switch operationfrom 2 to 5 MA

We describe experiments in which conduction currents were successfully scaled from 2 to 5 MA for conduction times around 1 μs in a coaxial geometry plasma opening switch (POS) on the 4 MJ ACE 4 driver. Simple models of POS operation, derived from previous work, were used to scale successful results from drivers that operate at microsecond conduction times, but at currents below 1 MA. An MHD model for the conduction phase was verified in which the square root of the plasma density is approximately proportional to the product of conduction time and peak conduction current divided by the switch radius and length. For the opening phase, a model where the POS gap is approximately constant when the local plasma conditions at the beginning of the conduction phase are kept roughly the same is consistent with the observed POS opening voltages of at least 1 MV. The conduction current was increased by increasing the POS cathode radius from 6 to 20 cm while maintaining roughly the same plasma density. This increase in radius resulted in the observed increase in the conduction-current/conduction-time product from 2 to 5 MA μs while maintaining MV POS voltages     

Solitary electromagnetic pulses detected with super-Alfvénic flows in Earth's geomagnetic tail

Solitary nonlinear (deltaB/B>1) electromagnetic pulses have been detected in Earth's geomagnetic tail accompanying plasmas flowing at super-Alfvénic speeds. The pulses in the current sheet had durations of approximately 5 s, were left-hand circularly polarized, and had phase speeds of approximately the Alfvén speed in the plasma frame. These pulses were associated with a field-aligned current J(parallel) and observed in low density (approximately 0.3 cm(-3)), high temperature (T(e) approximately T(i) approximately 3x10(7) K), and beta approximately 10 plasma that included electron and ion beams streaming along B. The wave activity was enhanced from below the ion cyclotron frequency to electron cyclotron and upper hybrid frequencies. The detailed properties suggest the pulses are nonlinearly steepened ion cyclotron or Alfvén waves.     

High-Resolution Laser Photoacoustic Spectroscopy of HSiF(3): The 5nu(1) and 6nu(1) Overtone Bands

A spectrum of HSiF(3) has been recorded at room temperature with a gas pressure of 20-50 Torr in the near-infrared region. A laser photoacoustic spectrometer consisting of a longitudinal resonant cell coupled to a titanium:sapphire ring laser was employed. The 5nu(1) and 6nu(1) overtone bands of H(28)SiF(3) associated with the Si-H stretching have been observed at high resolution (3 x 10(-2) cm(-1)) in the regions 10 900-10 960 and 12 875-12 925 cm(-1), respectively. About 450 lines of the 5nu(1)-0 band have been assigned (J 相似文献   

Temperature and field dependence of the anisotropy of MgB2

The anisotropy gamma of the superconducting state of high quality single crystals of MgB2 was determined, using torque magnetometry with two different methods. The anisotropy of the upper critical field was found to be temperature dependent, decreasing from gamma approximately 6 at 15 K to 2.8 at 35 K. Reversible torque data near T(c) reveal a field dependent anisotropy, increasing nearly linearly from gamma approximately equal to 2 in zero field to 3.7 in 10 kOe. The unusual temperature dependence is a true bulk property and can be explained by nonlocal effects of anisotropic pairing and/or the k--> dependence of the effective mass tensor.     

Observation of a broad 1-- resonant structure around 1.5 GeV/c2 in the K+K- mass spectrum in J/psi-->K+K-pi0

A broad peak is observed at low K+K- invariant mass in J/psi-->K+K-pi(0) decays found in a sample of 5.8x10(7) J/psi events collected with the BESII detector. The statistical significance of the broad resonance is much larger than 5sigma. A partial wave analysis shows that the J;{PC} of this structure is 1--. Its pole position is determined to be [1576(-55)(+49)(stat)-91+98(syst)] MeV/c(2)-i/2[818(-23)(+22)(stat)-133+64(syst)] MeV/c(2). These parameters are not compatible with any known meson resonances.     

Tl系超导薄膜金属涂层的生长与特性研究

我们研究了Tl-2212超导薄膜在带有YSZ/CeO2缓冲层和带有CeO2/YSZ/CeO2缓冲层的Ni金属RABiTS基带上的生长情况.基带上的缓冲层是采用PLD方法制备的,Tl-2212薄膜的制备采用了磁控溅射和后热处理两步方法.XRD 实验结果表明,Tl-2212薄膜都具有很好的C轴垂直于膜面的织构,并具有双向外延生长特性.在CeO2/YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上制作的Tl-2212薄膜的Tc达到102.8 K,Jc(77 K,0 T)达到2.6 MA/cm2;在YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上薄膜Tc可达97.7 K,Jc(77 K,0 T)也可以达到0.45 MA/cm2.     

T1系超导薄膜金属涂层的生长与特性研究

我们研究了T1-2212超导薄膜在带有YSZ／CeO2缓冲层和带有Ce02／YSZ／CeO2缓冲层的Ni金属RABiTS基带上的生长情况．基带上的缓冲层是采用PLD方法制备的，T1-2212薄膜的制备采用了磁控溅射和后热处理两步方法．XRD实验结果表明。T1-2212薄膜都具有很好的C轴垂直于膜面的织构，并具有双向外延生长特性．在CeO2／YSZ／CeO2／Ni基带上制作的T1-2212薄膜的Tc达到102．8K，J,（77K,0T）达到2.6MA／cm^2；在YSZ／CeO2／Ni基带上薄膜Tc可达97．7K，Jc（77K,0T）也可以达到0．45MA／cm^2.     

Macroscopic superconducting current through a silicon surface reconstruction with indium adatoms: Si(111)-(√7 × √3)-In

Macroscopic and robust supercurrents are observed by direct electron transport measurements on a silicon surface reconstruction with In adatoms [Si(111)-(√7 × √3)-In]. The superconducting transition manifests itself as an emergence of the zero resistance state below 2.8 K. I-V characteristics exhibit sharp and hysteretic switching between superconducting and normal states with well-defined critical and retrapping currents. The two-dimensional (2D) critical current density J(2D,c) is estimated to be as high as 1.8 A/m at 1.8 K. The temperature dependence of J(2D,c) indicates that the surface atomic steps play the role of strongly coupled Josephson junctions.     

Studies of plastic-ablator compressibility for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion on OMEGA

The compression of planar plastic targets was studied with x-ray radiography in the range of laser intensities of I approximately 0.5 to 1.5x10(15) W/cm2 using square (low-compression) and shaped (high-compression) pulses. Two-dimensional simulations with the radiative hydrocode DRACO show good agreement with measurements at laser intensities up to I approximately 10(15) W/cm2. These results provide the first experimental evidence for low-entropy, adiabatic compression of plastic shells in the laser intensity regime relevant to direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. A density reduction near the end of the drive at a high intensity of I approximately 1.5x10(15) W/cm2 has been correlated with the hard x-ray signal caused by hot electrons from two-plasmon-decay instability.     

CO_2与高振动激发K_2碰撞中的全分辨转动态分布

在K_2+CO_2中,受激发射泵浦得到K_2(E=3 500和4 000cm~(-1))高位振动态,研究了高振动激发K_2与CO_2碰撞产生的CO_2全分辨转动态分布。利用高分辨瞬时激光诱导荧光(LIF)测量了CO_2(0000)J=2~74的转动和平移能量轮廓,利用双高斯函数拟合,分别确定各转动态的产生和倒空线宽,从而得到碰撞产生的Doppler展宽、平移温度和平移能。对于K_2不同的激发能E,能量转移的机制是相似的,为振动-转动/平移弛豫机制。但碰撞出现部分的平移温度均超出池温,而碰撞倒空部分的平移温度均略低于池温,平移能随E的增加而增大,E增加14%,平移能增加40%。CO_2(0000)转动态分布的半对数描绘给出了双指数分布,对于K_2E=3 500cm~(-1),低J态分布T_a=(523±60)K,高J态分布T_b=(1 890±210)K。Ta接近池温,说明低J态为近弹性碰撞,属单量子弛豫过程,而高J态为非弹性碰撞,属多量子驰豫过程。对于K_2E=4 000cm~(-1)同样有双指数行为,低J分布T_a=(620±65)K,高J分布T_b=(2 240±250)K。高振动态K_2(E)与CO_2碰撞,E=4 000cm~(-1)比E=3 500cm~(-1)的Ta和Tb均约高19%,说明转动分布对于K_2不同能量是敏感的,但弹性和非弹性分支比是基本相同的,弱碰撞约占82%,强碰撞约占18%。     

Temperature-dependent transport in suspended graphene

The resistivity of ultraclean suspended graphene is strongly temperature (T) dependent for 50.5 x 10(11) cm(-2), the resistivity increases with increasing T and is linear above 50 K, suggesting carrier scattering from acoustic phonons. At T=240 K the mobility is approximately 120,000 cm2/V s, higher than in any known semiconductor. At the charge neutral point we observe a nonuniversal conductivity that decreases with decreasing T, consistent with a density inhomogeneity <10(8) cm(-2).     

Validation of thermal-transport modeling with direct-drive, planar-foil acceleration experiments on OMEGA

We present for the first time the experimental validation of the nonlocal thermal-transport model for a National Ignition Facility relevant laser intensity of approximately 10(15) W/cm(2) on OMEGA. The measured thin target trajectories are in good agreement with predictions based on the nonlocal model over the full range of laser intensities from 2 x 10(14) to 10(15) W/cm(2}) The standard local thermal-transport model with a constant flux limiter of 0.06 disagrees with experimental measurements at a high intensity of approximately 10(15) W/cm(2) but agrees at lower intensities. These results show the significance of nonlocal effects for direct-drive ignition designs.     

Rb（5PJ）＋Rb（5PJ）→Rb（5JS）＋Rb（nl=5D，7S）碰撞能量合并

研究了Rb(5PJ)+Rb(5PJ)→Rb(nlJ')+Rb(5S)碰撞能量合并过程,利用单模半导体激光器分别共振激发Rb原子的5P1/2或5P3/2态,利用另一与泵浦激光束反向平行的单模激光束作为吸收线探测激发态原子密度及其空间分布,吸收线分别调至5P1/2→5D3/2和5P3/2→7S1/2跃迁.由激发态原子密度和谱线荧光比得到碰撞能量合并过程的截面,对5P3/2激发,碰撞转移得到5D5/2,5D3/2和7S1/2的截面分别是(1.32士0.59)×10-14,(1.18士0.53)×10-14和(3.21士1.44)×10-15cm2;对5P1/2激发,碰撞转移到5D5/2和5D3/2的截面分别是(6.57士2.96)×10-15和(5.90士2.66)×10-15cm2.与其他的实验结果进行了比较.     

Probing the superconducting energy gap from infrared spectroscopy on a Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 single crystal with Tc=37 K

We performed optical spectroscopy measurement on a superconducting Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 single crystal with T{c}=37 K. Formation of the superconducting energy gaps in the far-infrared reflectance spectra below T{c} is clearly observed. A flat and close to unity reflectance is observed roughly below 150 cm;{-1} for Tor=T{c}. We determined the absolute value of the penetration depth at 10 K as lambda approximately 2000+/-80 A. A spectral weight analysis shows that the Ferrell-Glover-Tinkham sum rule is satisfied at low energy scale, less than 6Delta.     

Electric field involved transport at elevated temperature in nanocrystalline silicon carbide nitride (nc-SiCN) thin films for harsh environment applications

The present study represents a systematic temperature dependent charge transport and dielectric properties of nanocrystalline silicon carbide nitride (nc-SiCN) thin films grown on Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrate. A large negative temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) ranging from 6200 to 2300 ppmK^-1 in the temperature range 300–773 K, suggests that the nc-SiCN thin films could be useful for futuristic thermal-based sensors. The current density vs. electric field (J-E) characteristics was measured at different temperatures (300–673 K). Detailed J-E analysis revealed an ohmic conduction at the low applied electric field (<65 kV/cm) within the entire temperature range. However, at high electric field (>65 kV/cm), space charge limited conduction (SCLC) mechanism was found to be dominating in low measurement temperature (300–473K), whereas, a transition from SCLC mechanism to Poole-Frenkel mechanism was observed with further increment in the temperature beyond 473 K. The temperature invariant dielectric tunability (n_r ∼10%) and low zero electric field leakage current density (J ∼10⁻⁷A/cm²) at 673 K temperature, demonstrates the feasibility of nc-SiCN thin films for tunable device applications in the high-temperature and harsh environment.     

Observation of Y(2175) in J/psi --> etaphif0 (980)

The decays of J/psi --> etaphif(0)(980)[eta --> gammagamma, phi --> K(+) K(-), f(0)(980) --> pi(+)pi(-)] are analyzed using a sample of 5.8 x 10(7) J/psi events collected with the BESII detector at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider. A structure at around 2.18 GeV/c(2) with about 5 sigma significance is observed in the phif(0)(980) invariant mass spectrum. A fit with a Breit-Wigner function gives the peak mass and width of m = 2.186+/-0.010(stat)+/-0.006(syst) GeV/c(2) and Gamma = 0.065+/-0.023(stat)+/-0.017(syst) GeV/c(2), respectively, which are consistent with those of Y(2175), observed by the BABAR Collaboration in the initial-state radiation process e(+)e(-) --> gamma(ISR) phif(0)(980). The production branching ratio is determined to be Br(J/psi --> etaY(2175))Br(Y(2175)- -> phif(0)(980))Br(f(0)(980) --> pi(+)pi(-)) = [3.23+/-0.75(stat)+/-0.73(syst)] x 10(-4), assuming that the Y(2175) is a 1(--) state.     

Systematic effects of carbon doping on the superconducting properties of Mg(B1-xCx)(2)

The upper critical field, H(c2), of Mg(B1-xCx)(2) has been measured in order to probe the maximum magnetic field range for superconductivity that can be attained by C doping. Carbon doped MgB2 filaments were prepared, and for carbon levels below 4% the transition temperatures are depressed by about 1 K/% C and H(c2)(T=0) rises by about 5 T/% C. This means that 3.8% C substitution will depress T(c) from 39.2 to 36.2 K and raise H(c2)(T=0) from 16.0 to 32.5 T. These rises in H(c2) are accompanied by a rise in resistivity at 40 K from about 0.5 to about 10 microOmega cm.     

Adsorption and desorption behavior of NO on H-ZSM-5, Na-ZSM-5, and Na-A as studied by EPR

Nitric monoxide probe molecules are used to characterize the Lewis acid properties of sodium cations and aluminum defect centers in various zeolite materials. The adsorption-desorption behavior of NO probe molecules is studied at different temperatures for Na-A, Na-ZSM-5, H-ZSM-5, and silicalite. Adsorbed NO molecules form paramagnetic adsorption complexes with Lewis acid sites which can be examined by EPR transitions ((Delta)m(S)+/-1) at g approximately 2.0. Otherwise the desorption of NO into the gas phase can be monitored by the typical nine-line EPR spectrum ((Delta)m(J)+/-1) of the (2)Pi(3/2) state at g approximately 0.7776. This gas-phase signal is used to study the overall adsorption-desorption properties of the zeolites in the temperature range 150 K less than or approximately T less than or approximately 300 K. At lower temperatures the probe molecules are adsorbed at the Lewis acid sites inside the nanoporous materials and produce an intensive spectrum at T less than or approximately 110 K. But at intermediate temperatures 110 K less than or approximately T less than or approximately 150 K the NO molecules are adsorbed only for a few hundred picoseconds because the lifetime of the adsorption complexes is limited by the beginning desorption processes. The decreasing lifetime of the adsorption complex with rising temperature results in an increasing homogeneous line broadening of their EPR signals. An analysis of the line-broadening effects provides an opportunity for determining the specific desorption energies E(A)(H-ZSM-5)=(20.2+/-7.3) kJ/mol, E(A)(Na-ZSM-5)=(4.1+/-1.5) kJ/mol, and E(A)(Na-A)=(7.1+/-2.1) kJ/mol for NO probe molecules at sodium cations and aluminum defect centers just below the desorption temperature.     

Y-211粒子与Y_2O_3粉掺杂的熔融织构YBCO超导体性能及微观研究

采用熔融织构法结合顶部籽晶技术 ,掺杂 Y2 O3粉和 Y- 2 1 1粒子制备了高质量的准单畴熔融织构的 YBCO块材。样品的 Jc测量表明 :临界电流密度 Jc在 1 0 K温度 0 .6T磁场下达到 1 .6×1 0 6 A/ cm2 ;在 70 K温度 2 T磁场下达到 1 .2 4× 1 0 4A/ cm2。扫描电镜观察表明 :掺杂 Y2 O3粉所形成的 Y- 2 1 1粒子是柱状的 ,而掺杂 Y- 2 1 1粒子在母体材料中形成的是球形的 Y- 2 1 1粒子 ,掺杂Y2 O3 粉比 Y- 2 1 1粒子能更有效地改善样品的生长状况。可见 ,Y- 2 1 1粒子与超导母体材料之间的界面对磁通钉扎起主要作用 ,Y- 2 1 1粒子作为强钉扎中心是属于界面钉扎