数字图像处理技术用于等倾线条纹的处理

本文利用数字图像处理技术,对光弹性条纹进行处理,实现了等倾线与等差线的分离,提高了等倾线的测试精度。同时利用微机系统进行主应力迹线的绘制,提高了主应力迹线绘制的准确性.     

试论支座处的线位移对结点线位移数的影响

 针对用换铰法确定位移法中独立的未知结点线位移时遇到的问题,提出了换 铰时对定向支座的处理方法,论证了链杆支座、定向支座中的支杆相对于被支承的杆件轴线 处于不同方位时支座处的线位移对位移法中独立的未知结点线位移的影响,总结出了用换铰 法确定位移法中独立的未知结点线位移的简单计算公式.     

流线、迹线和烟线

<正> 流线、迹线和烟线是流体力学中最基本的概念.这些概念在流动显示、流场的几何分析以至流动规律的研究等许多方面都有重要应用.但是,一些人常常不能正确理解这些概念之间的质的区别,因而有时会错误地用这些概念去分析流体力学问题.一般说,流线是某指定时刻处与流速方向相切     

线弹性断裂力学和线弹性动力学中的集中载荷

本文认为线弹性断裂力学（ＬＥＦＭ）中受集中力和集中力偶作用的含裂纹体应力强度因子｀精确解＇的适用范围是值得进一步讨论的问题，并对线弹性动力学中的集中载荷问题进行了讨论     

等差线和等倾线的计算机识别及绘制

在普通光弹仪上配置光电耦合二极管信号采集装置和专用程序计算机,就构成了能实时地处理光弹图象的系统。CCPD-1024成线阵排列,能同时采集模型中一个截面上的光强信号。等色线或等倾线条纹的位置由计算机从光强分布图上读出。CCPD-1024对模型扫描时,计算机记录了各个截面上的等色线和等倾线位置的信息,并据此绘制出反映全场性分布的光弹性条纹图案。     

钢丝帘线泊松比的实验研究

本文对钢丝帘线／橡胶复合材料中的钢丝帘线泊松比的定义提出了新的见解，建议用钢丝帘线横截面变化率代替其横向应变，并提出了利用扫描电子显微镜测定截面变化率的实验方法     

刚体的平面运动和旋轮线

讨论了作平面运动的薄板上一个质点在不同条件下的旋轮线轨迹,并讨论了这些不同形状的旋轮线是怎样由圆轮的纯滚动形成的.     

变截面高层筒体结构的有限元线法整体稳定和二阶分析

本文用有限元线法对变截面的高层简体结构进行空间整体稳定和二阶分析。先把实际框筒结构分段连续化为正交各向异性折板结构；用有限元线法，通过有限条元半离散化，取结线上位移为基本未知函数，由势能驻值原理建立稳定和二阶分析的常微分方程组；由常微分方程求解器直接求解。     

非球面全息光弹性仪

引言1967年,Fourney首先提出全息光弹性法,即将全息干涉法与光弹性法相结合。后来,Hovanesion等人拍摄出等差线和等和线的组合条纹。1971年,O'Regan和Dudderar提出用石英旋光器分离两族组合条纹的方法,它能同时获得两族彼此分开的等差线和等和线。1973年,Chatalein又提出用法拉第旋光器分离组合条纹的方法。在全息光弹性法中 ...     

拉氏变换求解梁的挠曲线方程

运用拉普拉斯变换求解梁的挠曲线近似微分方程,并利用坐标系平移变换导出了分段梁挠曲线方程的一般形式,通过算例验证简述了用此方法可方便地根据弯矩方程和边界条件求出梁各段挠曲线方程的表达式.     

红宝石脉冲激光动态光力学方法研究与进展

本文提出了瞬态图像采集技术和电磁脉冲加载装置。应用红宝石脉冲激光光源,介绍了动态全息光弹性、动态散斑干涉、动态云纹干涉、水下爆炸全息干涉、动态电子散斑干涉和动态数字散斑相关等多种方法的测试原理和测试技术。为动态位移场、应变场和应力场的定量分析提供了广泛的应用前景。     

红宝石脉冲激光动态光力学方法研究与进展

本文提出了瞬态图像采集技术和电磁脉冲加载装置。应用红宝石脉冲激光光源,介绍了动态全息光弹性、动态散斑干涉、动态云纹干涉、水下爆炸全息干涉、动态电子散斑干涉和动态数字散斑相关等多种方法的测试原理和测试技术。为动态位移场、应变场和应力场的定量分析提供了广泛的应用前景。     

A matrix method for describing unpolarized light and its applications

A matrix method for describing fully depolarized light is proposed. According to the properties of fully depolarized light it is proved theoretically that this column matrix (Jones vector) can be used to describe unpolarized light as well. Thus, it enables the problems of holographic photoelasticity, including holographic photoelasticity of unpolarized light, to be simply treated by using a unified matrix calculus (Jones calculus).     

A neoteric interferometer for use in holographic photoelasticity

A shortcoming of the conventional holographic interferometer used in photoelasticity is that, for the double-exposure cases, the resulting fringe patterns are a complex combination of conventional isochromatic and isopachic fringes. This paper describes a holographic interferometer that may be used to obtain separate but simultaneous isochromatic- and isopachic-fringe patterns for photoelastic models in states of plane stress. The method requires a model with a partially reflecting front surface. Isopachics, which are proportional to the thickness change, are recorded using holographic interferometry from the transmitted light. The isochromatics are obtained from the transmitted light by conventional means. General equations relating the surface displacement of the specimen to the observed fringe patterns are developed, and examples of static and dynamic loadings are shown.     

混合光载波法分离动静态主应力

本文将等差载波位相调制原理与夹层全息术结合形成的混合光载波法,可同时获得等差载波条纹图与混合载波条纹图.对混合载波纹图进行光学付里叶变换,利用空间滤波技术可将等和载波条纹从中分离出来.利用图象处理技术实现了对两种载波条纹图从预处理到应力计算的自动化处理.将混合光载波法应用于动态全息光弹性,分离了动态主应力. 文中还提出了一个经济实用的大尺寸载波片制作技术.     

A new experimental stress-optic method: Stress-holo-interferometry

This paper describes the application of a new interferometric method by holography to photoelasticity. Interferometric photoelasticity is a well established and elegant method; however, its use is still not commonplace in laboratories engaged in stress-optics. In the past few years, there has been a rapid growth in holographic activities. The stress-optic method described in this paper shows an alternate (holographic) method for determining both isochromatic and isopachic interference families, thus enabling a relatively easy and quick solution to plane-elasticity problems. It is also shown how the two material constants which are required can be determined simultaneously with a single calibration test.     

一种描述非偏振光的矩阵方法及其应用

本文根据完全消偏振光的性质,提出了一种描述完全消偏振光的矩阵方法,并从理论上证明了这种列矩阵也可用来表示完全非偏振光,从而能够应用统一的Jones矩阵方法来处理包括非偏振光在内的全息光弹性问题。     

Application of holography to photoelasticity

This paper discusses the exploratory application of holography to photoelasticity. It is shown that the two-beam holographic method may be used to record the birefringent pattern of a standard two-dimensional photoelastic specimen. A special type of polariscope is required. A discussion is presented of the various arrangements required to produce isochromatic, isoclinic, isopachic and combined isopachic and isochromatic fringe patterns. The three-dimensional nature of the holograph is utilized to separate the principal stresses by means of oblique incidence. Both normal- and oblique-incidence fringe patterns are recorded on a single hologram. A brief discussion of the extension to the dynamic case is presented.     

Stress-strain state and stress intensity factors of an inclined elliptic defect in a plate under biaxial loading

We consider a mathematical model of the stress-strain state of a plate with an inclined elliptic defect. We obtain approximate formulas for the stress tensor, the displacements, and the principal stresses near the defect vertex. The obtained formulas are compared with the results obtained by the holographic photoelasticity method.     

Computerized fringe analysis in photomechanics

A generalized method is presented for analyzing the fringe patterns frequently encountered in experimental mechanics. By utilizing digital-image-processing and computer-graphics techniques, a set of menu-driven software is developed for interactively implementing the fringe processing. Tests of this software on the images obtained experimentally by photoelasticity, holographic interferometry and speckle interferometry demonstrate its usefulness. Good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results is established.